Artur da Costa e Silva

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Artur da Costa e Silva

Artur da Costa e Silva (born October 3, 1899 , Taquari , Rio Grande do Sul ; † December 17, 1969 , Rio de Janeiro ) was President of Brazil during the military dictatorship .

Life

Artur da Costa e Silva received military training in the USA and Brazil . In 1922 he was involved in a revolt against the government of Epitácio da Silva Pessoa , during which he was arrested. He later fell under an amnesty; In 1932 he fought the revolution in São Paulo .

Between 1950 and 1952 he was a military attaché in the Brazilian embassy in Argentina . In 1961 he was promoted to general and since then has commanded the fourth army in Recife ( Pernambuco ). In 1962 he was dismissed from this post because he had acted with too brutality against student protests . In 1964, he was among the generals who ousted President João Goulart . He later served as Minister of War in the government of Humberto Castelo Branco .

At the end of Humberto Castelo Branco's tenure, Artur da Costa e Silva was the only candidate to succeed him and was elected President on October 3, 1966. After Costa e Silva restricted civil rights in 1967, the country was shaken by a wave of student protests. By the Ato Institucional 5 (Institutional Act No. 5, commonly referred to as AI-5 ) of December 13, 1968, Costa e Silva switched off the parliament; henceforth the president could govern by decree . The remaining civil rights were revoked. The door and gate were open to persecution of the opposition.

Since 1969 a certain liberalization has been visible in Costa e Silva's politics. On August 30, after Costa e Silva was admitted to hospital, the presidency was replaced by a body made up of the commanders in chief of the armed forces , a military junta made up of Aurélio de Lira Tavares , Márcio de Souza Mello and Augusto Rademaker , Aviation and naval ministers were represented in the Costa e Silva cabinet ; under the constitution, Vice-President Pedro Aleixo should have represented the president. On October 14, 1969, the office of President and Vice-President was declared vacant; Costa e Silva died two months later.

literature

  • Artur da Costa e Silva , in: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 05/1970 from January 19, 1970, in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely accessible)
  • Fábio Koifman (Ed.): Presidentes do Brasil. Cultura Editora, São Paulo 2002, ISBN 85-293-0080-7
  • Jayme Portella de Mello A Revolução eo Governo Costa e Silva. Editora Guavira, Rio de Janeiro 1979.
  • Hélio Silva: Os Presidentes do Brasil 23º: Costa e Silva. Grupo de Comunicação Três, São Paulo 1983.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Arthur da Costa e Silva. Biography. Governo Federal, Biblioteca da Presidência da República. Retrieved May 22, 2017 (Portuguese).
  2. ^ Else RP Vieira: Growing Agency. The Laboratories of Political Translation . Maria Tymoczko (ed.): Translation, resistance, activism . University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst 2010, ISBN 978-1-55849-832-7 . Pp. 211-226, here pp. 216-220.
predecessor Office successor
Humberto Castelo Branco President of Brazil
1967–1969 		Márcio de Souza Mello
Antônio Ferreira de Oliveira Brito Minister of Mines and Energy
April 4, 1964 to April 17, 1964 		Mauro Thibau
personal data
SURNAME Silva, Artur da Costa e
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Costa e Silva, Arthur there
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Brazilian politician, President of Brazil during the military dictatorship
DATE OF BIRTH October 3, 1899
PLACE OF BIRTH Taquari , Rio Grande do Sul
DATE OF DEATH 17th December 1969
Place of death Rio de Janeiro