Recife
Município do Recife "Veneza Brasileira", "Florença dos Trópicos", "Cidade Maurícia", "Manguetown", "Capital dos Naufrágios"
Recife
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Coordinates | 8 ° 3 ′ S , 34 ° 53 ′ W | ||
Location of Recife in the state of Pernambuco | |||
Symbols | |||
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founding | 12th March 1537 (age 483) | ||
Basic data | |||
Country | Brazil | ||
State | Pernambuco | ||
ISO 3166-2 | BR-PE | ||
Região intermediária | Recife (since 2017) | ||
Região imediata | Recife (since 2017) | ||
Metropolitan area | Recife | ||
structure | 6 administrative regions, 96 bairros | ||
height | 4 m | ||
Waters | Atlantic , Beberibe , Capibaribe | ||
climate | As, tropical | ||
surface | 218.4 km² | ||
Residents | 1,537,704 (2010) | ||
density | 7,039.6 Ew. / km² | ||
estimate | 1,645,727 (July 1, 2019) | ||
Parish code | IBGE : 2611606 | ||
Post Code | 50010-52490 | ||
Telephone code | (+55) 81 | ||
Time zone | UTC −3 | ||
Website | www.prefeituradorecife.com.br (Brazilian Portuguese) | ||
politics | |||
City Prefect | Geraldo Júlio de Mello Filho (2017-2020) | ||
Political party | Partido Socialista Brasileiro (PSB) | ||
economy | |||
GDP | 48,032,463 thousand. R $ 29,701 R $ per capita (2015) |
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HDI | 0.772 (2010) |
Recife [ ʁeˈsifi ], officially Município do Recife , is the capital of the state of Pernambuco in northeastern Brazil . It is a port city on the Atlantic Ocean with over 1.6 million inhabitants and the center of the Recife metropolitan area . The name "Recife" is a reference to the rocky reefs that protect the city's beaches.
history
The Recife area was settled by the Portuguese in 1537 . Between 1630 and 1654 this was the main base and trading center of the Dutch , who tried to dispute the rule of Brazil from the Portuguese and who established the Dutch Brazil colony in the northeast . The German Count and Governor General Moritz von Nassau , who worked for the Dutch West India Company , was considered to be the actual founder of the city. He named the city Mauritsstad (Moritzstadt, Portuguese: Maurícia) and tried to develop the new colony economically and culturally. The many swamps and islands were made habitable by the Dutch by creating canals. Numerous buildings from this period have also been preserved.
In 1654, after the battle of Guararapes , the Dutch had to give up the colony. Maurícia became Portuguese. In 1710 the city was renamed Vila do Recife . In 1823 Recife became the capital of Pernambuco instead of Olinda .
In 1930 LZ127 “Graf Zeppelin” crossed the South Atlantic non-stop from Seville to Recife for the first time . In Recife there is the zeppelin tower , where the airships in transatlantic traffic could dock.
City nicknames are "Veneza Brasileira" (the "Brazilian Venice"), "Florença dos Trópicos" ("Florence of the Tropics"), "Cidade Maurícia", "Manguetown" ("Mangrove City") and "Capital dos Naufrágios" ("Capital of the Shipwrecks ").
Recife is known for its innovative public participation projects. In June 2011, Mayor João da Costa received the Reinhard Mohn Prize from Chancellor Angela Merkel . The prize, worth 150,000 euros award recognizes the participatory budget in the city.
Population development of the city
year | population |
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1872 | 116,671 |
1890 | 111,556 |
1900 | 113.106 |
1920 | 238.843 |
1940 | 348,424 |
1950 | 524,682 |
1960 | 797.234 |
1970 | 1,084,459 |
1980 | 1,240,937 |
1991 | 1,298,229 |
2000 | 1,422,905 |
2010 | 1,537,704 |
2019 | 1,645,727 |
geography
Location and surroundings
Recife is located on the Capibaribe , which flows into the Atlantic after around 240 kilometers . Other rivers and a canal shape the cityscape. The historic center is located on two islands just a few meters from the mainland. The term " Venice of the South" is understandable, but it is an exaggeration.
The name of the city means " reef ": mussel beds and coral reefs stretch parallel to the Atlantic coast . They slow down the waves and form a natural pool that is suitable for swimming because of the calm water.
There are other smaller rivers in the vicinity. The environment is therefore quite fertile. Among other things, sugar cane is grown. After a few kilometers you reach the first hills of the Brazilian mountainous country.
The Recife metropolitan region includes the cities of Jaboatão dos Guararapes , Olinda , Paulista , Abreu e Lima , Igarassu , Camaragibe , Cabo de Santo Agostinho and São Lourenço da Mata . Olinda is one of the oldest colonial cities in Brazil with baroque architecture. The city was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1982.
beaches
Recife is famous for its beaches. The main beach in the city is in the Boa Viagem district . In the vicinity of the city are:
- Gaibu and Calhetas (40 km south)
- Porto de Galinhas , Ipojuca (60 km south)
- Itamaracá (40 km north)
- São José da Coroa Grande (30 km south)
- Mangue Seco (25 km north)
There have been 50 shark attacks since 1992 . 18 people were killed and 32 seriously injured. Most of the deaths occurred on Boa Viagem, Pina and Piedade beaches.
climate
Recife Curado | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Recife-Curado
Source:
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City administration
Executive: Geraldo Júlio de Mello Filho , Geraldo Júlio for short , of the Partido Socialista Brasileiro (PSB) has been the city prefect (mayor) since the local elections in 2016 for the term from 2017 to 2020 .
Legislature: 39 city councilors (vereadores) were elected for the 17th legislative period.
City structure
Recife is divided into six administrative regions, Portuguese: regiões político-administrativas (RPA) and 96 Bairros (districts):
Culture
Attractions
- The old quarters of Santo Antônio and São José are located on the island of Ilha de Antônio Vaz . There you will find the Palácio das Princesas , the neo-classical Teatro Santa Isabel , the Igreja da Ordem Terceira de São Francisco built in 1697 , the Basilica of Our Lady of Mount Carmel ( Basílica de Nossa Senhora do Carmo ), completed in 1767, and the most important sacred building, the small "Golden Chapel" ( capela dourada ).
- The basilica Nossa Senhora da Penha (German Basilica of Our Lady of the Rock) is a parish church. The church of the Capuchin Monastery in the Archdiocese of Olinda and Recife was the first of the order in Brazil and bears the title of a minor basilica.
- The largest beach in town, Praia da Boa Viagem with its (fish) restaurants, is the Recifes tourist center.
- The Casa-Forte-Platz was designed in 1935 by the architect Burle Marx with Brazilian rainforest plants. The Euclides da Cunha Square, on the other hand, is dominated by plants from the local Caatinga , especially cacti.
- The Kahal Zur Israel Synagogue , founded in 1636 , is the oldest synagogue in the New World in Recife .
- The Casa da Cultura is a former prison. The 150 cells now house small handicraft shops that sell mainly to tourists.
- The last remaining anchor mast for airships from Zeppelin is in the district of Jiquiá near the Metrô station Mangueira. It was used for transatlantic traffic from 1930. In the last few years it has been restored several times and is to be integrated into a landscape project by the city administration of Recife.
- The Carnival in Recife and Olinda is one of the most culturally diverse in the country and is known for its meter-high dolls ( Bonecos de Olinda ), the various Frevo and Maracatu rhythms and one of the largest carnival blocks in the world ( Galo de Madrugada ).
Museums
- On the mainland is the Museu do Homem do Nordeste , founded by the sociologist and anthropologist Gilberto Freyre , which documents the colonial history and culture of the Northeast: slavery , sugar production , handicrafts, folklore , clothing, music.
- The Museu do Estado de Pernambuco contains works of art and furniture from the colonial and imperial times of Brazil .
music
Recife is considered to be the place of origin of the following rhythms:
Economy and Infrastructure
To the south of the city is an industrial area with breweries, packaging, automotive electronics, confectionery and textiles. There is also the "digital port" with IT companies, including global corporations such as Sun Microsystems , IBM and Microsoft .
Statistical data
According to the IPEA , the GDP per capita in 2002 was 7822 real (see also the list of countries according to gross domestic product per capita ). In 2000 had (s):
- 96.2% of the population is supplied by municipal garbage disposal
- 88.0% of the population have access to tap water
- 58.1% of the population have a sewer connection
- residents have an average life expectancy of 68.6 years
- the city has 8,875 hospital beds
- child mortality was 3.8%
traffic
education
Local universities:
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE)
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE)
- Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP)
- Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE)
crime
With around 53 murders per 100,000 inhabitants (as of 2018), Recife is still one of the cities with the highest murder rates in the world despite a decrease in recent years, but is in the middle of the field compared to other metropolises in the northeast.
42,000 murders were committed in Pernambuco state between 1996 and 2005, and 4638 in 2006. The victims are mainly adolescents and young adults between the ages of 14 and 29.
Especially the Favela do Coque on the island of Joana Bezerra is considered one of the most dangerous areas of the city due to the poverty. "In Coque, the slum of Recife, where Franklino de Lima died, children only kill to defend a good place to assault motorists."
Personalities
Famous residents
- Joaquim Nabuco (1849-1910), politician
- Dom Hélder Câmara (1909–1999), Archbishop of Recife and Olinda , important liberation theologian
- Paulo Freire (1921–1997), educator
- Gilberto Freyre (1900–1987), sociologist
sons and daughters of the town
literature
- Ana Tereza Sotero Duarte Santos: Land use planning as an urban planning instrument in Brazil. A critical analysis using the example of the city of Recife . Karlsruhe 1986.
- Jochen Kemner: “Colored climbers” in the slavery society, Recife and Santiago de Cuba (1850-1888) . In: Horst Nitschack (ed.): Brazil in the American context. From empire to republic: culture, society, politics . Frankfurt am Main 2005, pp. 117–149.
Web links
- City Prefecture website , Prefeitura Municipal (Brazilian Portuguese)
- City Council website , Câmara Municipal (Brazilian Portuguese)
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE): Recife> Panorama , current statistics (Brazilian Portuguese)
Tourism websites:
- Recife - Brazil (Portuguese)
- Recife (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c IBGE : Pernambuco: Recife - Panorama. Retrieved September 10, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ Brazil: States and Major Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather, and Web Information. Retrieved July 26, 2018 .
- ↑ Recife Brazil: One of the World's Top 10 Shark Infested Beaches
- ↑ wetterkontor.de
- ↑ Geraldo Julio 40 (Prefeito). In: com.br. Eleições 2016, accessed September 20, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ 17ª Legislature - Câmara Municipal do Recife - PE. In: leg.br. www.recife.pe.leg.br, accessed January 16, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ^ Perfil dos bairros. Prefeitura do Recife, archived from the original on April 26, 2015 ; Retrieved January 16, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ Carlos Costa Smaniotto: A protagonist of the Brazilian vanguard, Brazil celebrates the 100th birthday of the landscape architect Roberto Burle Marx. In: Stadt und Grün / Das Gartenamt 58, 2009/8, p. 53.
- ↑ Atlas since 2018. Violência Fórum Brasileiro de Segurança Pública, page 23 , accessed on May 18, 2019 (in Portuguese).
- ↑ UNDP - PNUD Brasil: Recife mescla IDH da África e da Europa of December 12, 2005. Retrieved January 16, 2018 (Portuguese).
- ↑ Últimas Edições - notícias recentes do Jornal Nacional - NOTÍCIAS - Orquestra ajuda meninos de favela no Recife. In: globo.com. jornalnacional.globo.com, accessed January 16, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt : Life, Laughter - and Death by the Roadside . Abendblatt.de, April 24, 2008 ( abendblatt.de ).