Recife

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Município do Recife
"Veneza Brasileira", "Florença dos Trópicos", "Cidade Maurícia", "Manguetown", "Capital dos Naufrágios"
Recife
Image montage
Image montage
Recife (Brazil)
Red pog.svg
Coordinates 8 ° 3 ′  S , 34 ° 53 ′  W Coordinates: 8 ° 3 ′  S , 34 ° 53 ′  W
Location of Recife in the state of Pernambuco
Location of Recife in the state of Pernambuco
Symbols
coat of arms
coat of arms
flag
flag
founding 12th March 1537 (age 483)Template: Infobox location in Brazil / maintenance
Basic data
Country Brazil
State Pernambuco
ISO 3166-2 BR-PE
Região intermediária Recife (since 2017)
Região imediata Recife (since 2017)
Metropolitan area Recife
structure 6 administrative regions, 96 bairros
height 4 m
Waters Atlantic , Beberibe , Capibaribe
climate As, tropical
surface 218.4 km²
Residents 1,537,704 (2010)
density 7,039.6  Ew. / km²
estimate 1,645,727 (July 1, 2019)
Parish code IBGE : 2611606
Post Code 50010-52490
Telephone code (+55)  81
Time zone UTC −3
Website www.prefeituradorecife.com.br (Brazilian Portuguese)
politics
City Prefect Geraldo Júlio de Mello Filho (2017-2020)
Political party Partido Socialista Brasileiro (PSB)
economy
GDP 48,032,463  thousand. R $
29,701  R $ per capita
(2015)
HDI 0.772 (2010)

Recife [ ʁeˈsifi ], officially Município do Recife , is the capital of the state of Pernambuco in northeastern Brazil . It is a port city on the Atlantic Ocean with over 1.6 million inhabitants and the center of the Recife metropolitan area . The name "Recife" is a reference to the rocky reefs that protect the city's beaches.

Marco Zero

history

The Recife area was settled by the Portuguese in 1537 . Between 1630 and 1654 this was the main base and trading center of the Dutch , who tried to dispute the rule of Brazil from the Portuguese and who established the Dutch Brazil colony in the northeast . The German Count and Governor General Moritz von Nassau , who worked for the Dutch West India Company , was considered to be the actual founder of the city. He named the city Mauritsstad (Moritzstadt, Portuguese: Maurícia) and tried to develop the new colony economically and culturally. The many swamps and islands were made habitable by the Dutch by creating canals. Numerous buildings from this period have also been preserved.

In 1654, after the battle of Guararapes , the Dutch had to give up the colony. Maurícia became Portuguese. In 1710 the city was renamed Vila do Recife . In 1823 Recife became the capital of Pernambuco instead of Olinda .

In 1930 LZ127 “Graf Zeppelin” crossed the South Atlantic non-stop from Seville to Recife for the first time . In Recife there is the zeppelin tower , where the airships in transatlantic traffic could dock.

City nicknames are "Veneza Brasileira" (the "Brazilian Venice"), "Florença dos Trópicos" ("Florence of the Tropics"), "Cidade Maurícia", "Manguetown" ("Mangrove City") and "Capital dos Naufrágios" ("Capital of the Shipwrecks ").

Recife is known for its innovative public participation projects. In June 2011, Mayor João da Costa received the Reinhard Mohn Prize from Chancellor Angela Merkel . The prize, worth 150,000 euros award recognizes the participatory budget in the city.

Population development of the city

year population
1872 116,671
1890 111,556
1900 113.106
1920 238.843
1940 348,424
1950 524,682
1960 797.234
1970 1,084,459
1980 1,240,937
1991 1,298,229
2000 1,422,905
2010 1,537,704
2019 1,645,727

geography

Location and surroundings

Recife is located on the Capibaribe , which flows into the Atlantic after around 240 kilometers . Other rivers and a canal shape the cityscape. The historic center is located on two islands just a few meters from the mainland. The term " Venice of the South" is understandable, but it is an exaggeration.

The name of the city means " reef ": mussel beds and coral reefs stretch parallel to the Atlantic coast . They slow down the waves and form a natural pool that is suitable for swimming because of the calm water.

There are other smaller rivers in the vicinity. The environment is therefore quite fertile. Among other things, sugar cane is grown. After a few kilometers you reach the first hills of the Brazilian mountainous country.

The Recife metropolitan region includes the cities of Jaboatão dos Guararapes , Olinda , Paulista , Abreu e Lima , Igarassu , Camaragibe , Cabo de Santo Agostinho and São Lourenço da Mata . Olinda is one of the oldest colonial cities in Brazil with baroque architecture. The city was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1982.

beaches

Recife is famous for its beaches. The main beach in the city is in the Boa Viagem district . In the vicinity of the city are:

There have been 50 shark attacks since 1992 . 18 people were killed and 32 seriously injured. Most of the deaths occurred on Boa Viagem, Pina and Piedade beaches.

climate

Recife Curado
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.
 
 
103
 
30th
22nd
 
 
144
 
30th
23
 
 
265
 
30th
23
 
 
326
 
30th
23
 
 
329
 
29
22nd
 
 
390
 
29
22nd
 
 
386
 
27
21st
 
 
214
 
28
21st
 
 
123
 
28
21st
 
 
66
 
29
21st
 
 
48
 
30th
22nd
 
 
65
 
30th
22nd
Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm
Source:
Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Recife-Curado
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 30.2 30.2 30.0 29.7 28.9 28.8 27.3 27.5 28.1 29.0 30.1 30.2 O 29.2
Min. Temperature (° C) 22.4 22.6 22.7 22.6 21.9 21.6 21.1 20.6 20.7 21.4 21.9 22.2 O 21.8
Precipitation ( mm ) 103 144 265 326 329 390 386 214 123 66 48 65 Σ 2,459
Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 7.9 7.5 6.6 6.2 6.0 5.6 5.5 6.7 7.2 8.0 8.9 8.2 O 7th
Rainy days ( d ) 12 12 16 19th 21st 22nd 23 19th 15th 11 8th 9 Σ 187
Water temperature (° C) 27 27 27 27 27 27 26th 26th 26th 26th 27 27 O 26.7
Humidity ( % ) 73 77 80 84 85 85 85 85 78 76 74 75 O 79.8
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
30.2
22.4
30.2
22.6
30.0
22.7
29.7
22.6
28.9
21.9
28.8
21.6
27.3
21.1
27.5
20.6
28.1
20.7
29.0
21.4
30.1
21.9
30.2
22.2
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		103
144
265
326
329
390
386
214
123
66
48
65
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source:

City administration

Executive: Geraldo Júlio de Mello Filho , Geraldo Júlio for short , of the Partido Socialista Brasileiro (PSB) has been the city prefect (mayor) since the local elections in 2016 for the term from 2017 to 2020 .

Legislature: 39 city councilors (vereadores) were elected for the 17th legislative period.

City structure

Recife is divided into six administrative regions, Portuguese: regiões político-administrativas (RPA) and 96 Bairros (districts):

Administrative division of Recife
RPA Micro-
region		 Bairros RPAs de Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil.svg
  • RPAR 1 - Centro (1)
    		•  1.1 Recife and Santo Amaro
    1.2 Boa Vista , Cabanga , Ilha do Leite , Paissandu , Santo Antônio , São José and Soledade
    1.3 Coelhos and Ilha Joana Bezerra
  • RPAR 2 - North (2)
    		•  2.1 Arruda , Campina do Barreto , Campo Grande , Encruzilhada , Hipódromo , Peixinhos , Ponto de Parada , Rosarinho and Torreão
    2.2 Água Fria , Alto Santa Terezinha , Bomba do Hemetério , Cajueiro , Fundão and Porto da Madeira
    2.3 Beberibe , Dois Unidos and Linha do Tiro
  • RPAR 3 - Noroeste (3)
    		•  3.1 Aflitos , Alto do Mandu , Apipucos , Casa Amarela , Casa Forte , Derby , Dois Irmãos , Espinheiro , Graças , Jaqueira , Monteiro , Parnamirim , Poço da Panela , Santana , Tamarineira and Sítio dos Pintos
    3.2 Alto José Bonifácio , Alto José do Pinho , Mangabeira , Morro da Conceição and Vasco da Gama
    3.3 Brejo da Guabiraba , Brejo do Beberibe , Córrego do Jenipapo , Guabiraba , Macaxeira , Nova Descoberta , Passarinho and Pau Ferro
  • RPAR 4 - Oeste (4)
    		•  4.1 Cordeiro , Ilha do Retiro , Iputinga , Madalena , Prado , Torre and Zumbi
    4.2 Engenho do Meio and Torrões
    4.3 Caxangá , Cidade Universitária and Várzea
  • RPAR 5 - Sudoeste (5)
    		•  5.1 Afogados , Bongi , Mangueira , Mustardinha and San Martin
    5.2 Areias , Caçote , Estância and Jiquiá
    5.3 Barro , Coqueiral , Curado , Jardim São Paulo , Sancho , Tejipió and Totó
  • RPAR 6 - Sul (6)
    		•  6.1 Boa Viagem , Brasília Teimosa , Imbiribeira , Ipsep and Pina
    6.2 Ibura and Jordão
    6.3 Cohab

    Culture

    Attractions

    Palácio do Campo das Princesas
    Technical monument: the anchor mast for airships (photo 2007)
    Galo da Madrugada
    Consulate General of the Federal Republic of Germany in Boa Viagem
    • The old quarters of Santo Antônio and São José are located on the island of Ilha de Antônio Vaz . There you will find the Palácio das Princesas , the neo-classical Teatro Santa Isabel , the Igreja da Ordem Terceira de São Francisco built in 1697 , the Basilica of Our Lady of Mount Carmel ( Basílica de Nossa Senhora do Carmo ), completed in 1767, and the most important sacred building, the small "Golden Chapel" ( capela dourada ).
    • The basilica Nossa Senhora da Penha (German Basilica of Our Lady of the Rock) is a parish church. The church of the Capuchin Monastery in the Archdiocese of Olinda and Recife was the first of the order in Brazil and bears the title of a minor basilica.
    • The largest beach in town, Praia da Boa Viagem with its (fish) restaurants, is the Recifes tourist center.
    • The Casa-Forte-Platz was designed in 1935 by the architect Burle Marx with Brazilian rainforest plants. The Euclides da Cunha Square, on the other hand, is dominated by plants from the local Caatinga , especially cacti.
    • The Kahal Zur Israel Synagogue , founded in 1636 , is the oldest synagogue in the New World in Recife .
    • The Casa da Cultura is a former prison. The 150 cells now house small handicraft shops that sell mainly to tourists.
    • The last remaining anchor mast for airships from Zeppelin is in the district of Jiquiá near the Metrô station Mangueira. It was used for transatlantic traffic from 1930. In the last few years it has been restored several times and is to be integrated into a landscape project by the city administration of Recife.
    • The Carnival in Recife and Olinda is one of the most culturally diverse in the country and is known for its meter-high dolls ( Bonecos de Olinda ), the various Frevo and Maracatu rhythms and one of the largest carnival blocks in the world ( Galo de Madrugada ).

    Museums

    music

    Recife is considered to be the place of origin of the following rhythms:

    Economy and Infrastructure

    To the south of the city is an industrial area with breweries, packaging, automotive electronics, confectionery and textiles. There is also the "digital port" with IT companies, including global corporations such as Sun Microsystems , IBM and Microsoft .

    Statistical data

    According to the IPEA , the GDP per capita in 2002 was 7822 real (see also the list of countries according to gross domestic product per capita ). In 2000 had (s):

    • 96.2% of the population is supplied by municipal garbage disposal
    • 88.0% of the population have access to tap water
    • 58.1% of the population have a sewer connection
    • residents have an average life expectancy of 68.6 years
    • the city has 8,875 hospital beds
    • child mortality was 3.8%

    traffic

    education

    Local universities:

    crime

    With around 53 murders per 100,000 inhabitants (as of 2018), Recife is still one of the cities with the highest murder rates in the world despite a decrease in recent years, but is in the middle of the field compared to other metropolises in the northeast.

    42,000 murders were committed in Pernambuco state between 1996 and 2005, and 4638 in 2006. The victims are mainly adolescents and young adults between the ages of 14 and 29.

    Especially the Favela do Coque on the island of Joana Bezerra is considered one of the most dangerous areas of the city due to the poverty. "In Coque, the slum of Recife, where Franklino de Lima died, children only kill to defend a good place to assault motorists."

    Personalities

    Famous residents

    • Joaquim Nabuco

    • Paulo Freire

    • Gilberto Freyre

    sons and daughters of the town

    literature

    • Ana Tereza Sotero Duarte Santos: Land use planning as an urban planning instrument in Brazil. A critical analysis using the example of the city of Recife . Karlsruhe 1986.
    • Jochen Kemner: “Colored climbers” in the slavery society, Recife and Santiago de Cuba (1850-1888) . In: Horst Nitschack (ed.): Brazil in the American context. From empire to republic: culture, society, politics . Frankfurt am Main 2005, pp. 117–149.

    Web links

    Commons : Recife  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
    Wikivoyage: Recife  - Travel Guide

    Tourism websites:

    Individual evidence

    1. ↑ a b c IBGE : Pernambuco: Recife - Panorama. Retrieved September 10, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
    2. ↑ Brazil: States and Major Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather, and Web Information. Retrieved July 26, 2018 .
    3. ↑ Recife Brazil: One of the World's Top 10 Shark Infested Beaches
    4. ↑ wetterkontor.de
    5. ↑ Geraldo Julio 40 (Prefeito). In: com.br. Eleições 2016, accessed September 20, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese).
    6. ↑ 17ª Legislature - Câmara Municipal do Recife - PE. In: leg.br. www.recife.pe.leg.br, accessed January 16, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese).
    7. ^ Perfil dos bairros. Prefeitura do Recife, archived from the original on April 26, 2015 ; Retrieved January 16, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese).
    8. ↑ Carlos Costa Smaniotto: A protagonist of the Brazilian vanguard, Brazil celebrates the 100th birthday of the landscape architect Roberto Burle Marx. In: Stadt und Grün / Das Gartenamt 58, 2009/8, p. 53.
    9. ↑ Atlas since 2018. Violência Fórum Brasileiro de Segurança Pública, page 23 , accessed on May 18, 2019 (in Portuguese).
    10. ↑ UNDP - PNUD Brasil: Recife mescla IDH da África e da Europa of December 12, 2005. Retrieved January 16, 2018 (Portuguese).
    11. ↑ Últimas Edições - notícias recentes do Jornal Nacional - NOTÍCIAS - Orquestra ajuda meninos de favela no Recife. In: globo.com. jornalnacional.globo.com, accessed January 16, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese).
    12. ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt : Life, Laughter - and Death by the Roadside . Abendblatt.de, April 24, 2008 ( abendblatt.de ).