Gilberto Freyre

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Gilberto Freyre (around 1975)

Gilberto de Mello Freyre (born March 15, 1900 in Recife ; † July 18, 1987 ibid) was a Brazilian sociologist and anthropologist . His most famous work is the mansion and slave hut ( Casa Grande e Senzala ).

Life

Freyre was one of the first Brazilians to be educated in the US. In 1922 he completed his studies with a master's degree from Columbia University in New York. This work, Social Life in Brazil , was to a certain extent the starting point for his later work Casa Grande e Senzala .

Freyre later described the anthropologist Franz Boas , the sociologist Franklin Giddings and the economist Edwin Seligman as his most important teachers .

After his studies he stayed in Europe for anthropological studies.

In 1928, at his instigation, sociology was introduced at the Pernambuco State Teachers' College . After he became internationally known primarily through the sociologist Edgar Roquette Pinto , who had emphasized his knowledge of racial biology and his original thinking methods, he attended lectures and seminars at many universities around the world.

In the 1930s, when the República Velha in Brazil was overthrown and a military dictatorship was established under Getúlio Dornelles Vargas , Gilberto Freyre had to leave Brazil because of his political activities and went to Portugal, where he co-founded the ideology of lusotropicalism , and to the United States Exile .

Freyre was an MP for the state of Pernambuco in the Constituent Assembly of 1946 and involved in drafting the Brazilian Constitution of the Fourth Republic.

In 1948 he was one of the Eight Wise Men of Paris who had been invited by UNESCO to investigate the causes of international tensions under the direction of the English biologist Julian Huxley .

In 1954 he prepared an expert opinion on the problem of the occupation children on behalf of the German government . For the UN he prepared an expert opinion on the racial problem in South Africa . At the World Congress of Sociologists (Amsterdam 1954) he was one of the four main speakers. Since 1962 he was an elected member of the American Philosophical Society . In 1966 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . In 1968 he also received an honorary doctorate from the Faculty of Law and Political Science at the University of Münster i. W.

According to the historian Silvia Cortez Silva, his work Herrenhaus und Sklavenhütte contains numerous anti-Semitic prejudices and expressions such as “bloodsucker”, “parasite”, “exploiter” or “Jewish nose” when describing Jewish identity . These aspects have so far only been insufficiently considered in reception.

He had been nominated for the Nobel Prize for his scientific achievements .

Fonts

  • Casa-Grande & Senzala , 1933
  • Guia Prático, Histórico e Sentimental da Cidade do Recife , 1934
  • Sobrados e Mucambos , 1936
  • Northeast. Aspectos da Influência da Cana Sobre a Vida ea Paisagem ... , 1937
  • Açúcar. Uma Sociologia do Doce , 1939
  • Olinda , 1939
  • O mundo que o português criou , 1940
  • To englheiro francês no Brasil , 1940; 2nd edition 1960
  • Região e Tradição , 1941
  • Ingleses , 1942
  • Problemas brasileiros de antropologia , 1943
  • Continente e ilha , 1943
  • Sociologia , 1945
  • Interpretação do Brasil , 1947
  • Ingleses no Brasil , 1948
  • Assombrações do Recife velho , 1955
  • A Propósito de Frades , 1957
  • Ordem e Progresso , 1959
  • O Recife sim, Recife not , 1960
  • Talvez Poesia , 1962
  • Vida, Forma e Cor , 1962
  • Os escravos nos anúncios de jornais brasileiros do século XIX , 1963
  • Vida social no Brasil nos meados do século XIX , 1964
  • Brasis, Brasil e Brasília , 1968
  • Como e porque not sou sociólogo , 1968
  • O brasileiro entre os outros hispanos , 1975
  • Tempo morto e outros tempos , 1975
  • Oh de Casa , 1979
  • Homens, englharias e rumos sociais , 1987

literature

  • France Winddance Twine: Racism in Racial Democracy. The Maintenance of White Supremacy in Brazil , Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ: 1998, ISBN 978-0-8135-2365-1
  • Sebastião Vila Nova: "" Gilberto Freyre. The sociologist of the Brazilian soul "." Kunsthaus Zürich (ed.) (1992): 194–198.
  • Ulrich Fleischmann : The lust for the Brazilian - anthropology and literature with Gilberto Freyre and Darcy Ribeiro. In: Iberoamericana. Latin America, Spain, Portugal , Volume 9, 1985, No. 2/3, pp. 65–80. ( JSTOR 41671915 ).
  • Hermann Matthias Görgen: Gilberto Freyre. Attempt an introduction to his work. In: Gilberto Freyre: Manor and slave hut. Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne / Berlin 1965.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gilberto Freyre. In: releituras.com. Retrieved September 7, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese, Freyre biography).
  2. ↑ Member History: Gilberto de Mello Freyre. American Philosophical Society, accessed August 12, 2018 .
  3. ↑ Klaus Hart: Bad people. In: nzz.ch. November 10, 2008, accessed October 14, 2018 .
  4. ^ Regina Horta Duarte: "Com açúcar, com afeto". Impressões do Brasil em Nordeste de Gilberto Freyre. In: Tempo , Volume 10, 2005, No. 19 (Brazilian Portuguese). doi : 10.1590 / S1413-77042005000200009 .
personal data
SURNAME Freyre, Gilberto
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Freyre, Gilberto de Mello
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Brazilian sociologist and anthropologist
DATE OF BIRTH March 15, 1900
PLACE OF BIRTH Recife
DATE OF DEATH July 18, 1987
Place of death Recife