Asylum and Werkhaus of the City of Vienna

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Asylum and Werkhaus of the City of Vienna, 1898

The Asylum and Werkhaus of the City of Vienna in the 10th Viennese district of Favoriten (property from 1938 part of the 3rd district, Landstrasse ) was a social institution from 1887 to give homeless people quarters and unemployed people an opportunity to work and earn money.

Asylum and Werkhaus of the City of Vienna

In 1886, based on a resolution by the Vienna City Council, the City of Vienna acquired the Skene reality of the former Society for Army Equipment from Skene & Consorten at Simmeringerstraße 2 (today: Arsenalstraße 11) and adapted the factory, which had been closed since the mid-1870s, as a municipal one Asylum and work house. The institution, which had a cost of 275,000  guilders , moved here from Leopoldstadt and was opened on May 1, 1887. Originally there was space for 60 men and 14 women in the asylum. In 1906 the capacity was increased by places for 70 men and 30 women, in 1908 and 1910 additional places were created.

With the completion of the extension decided on in 1911 on February 15, 1915, 14 additional dormitories offered additional accommodation for up to 1,300 people. The construction plan for the extremely Spartan building was drawn up by the architect Moritz Servé (1881–1977) under the direction of the engineer Josef Pürzl (1852–1930). The engineers Karl Göller and Josef Fürst were in charge of construction.

In the first half of 1925, due to the increasing deterioration in the economic situation, the abandonment and conversion of the workshop into a dormitory was ordered through additional use of the workshops and storage rooms as bedrooms. The Asylum and Werkhaus was renamed the homeless shelter of the city of Vienna on January 14th, 1925 by resolution of the municipal council . Since there was no longer enough space, the Vienna Central Horse Slaughterhouse , which was located in the immediate vicinity of the homeless shelter, the medical station X, the quarantine station and the Wasenmeisterei and closed in December 1922 , was adapted accordingly according to a municipal council resolution of October 9, 1925 and named Heim II used as additional accommodation. Intake, body cleaning, dress earth infection and offtake found only in the home I take.

The original and oldest part of the Asylum and Werkhaus of the City of Vienna was destroyed in the Second World War. The wing in Gänsbachergasse, built between 1911 and 1913, still houses accommodation managed by the Vienna Social Fund and the Red Cross at the addresses Gänsbachergasse 3 and Gänsbachergasse 5 . The social therapeutic dormitory opened in 1989 is located at Gänsbachergasse 7.

On the area of ​​the former central horse slaughterhouse, which later became Heim II of the Asylum and Werkhaus of the City of Vienna, the headquarters of the Municipal Department, MA 33 - Vienna Lights , which is responsible for public lighting and public clocks - is now located.

organization

Asylum and Werkhaus were administered by a joint management that was subordinate to the City of Vienna's magistrate. The administrator was supported by civil servants and male and female supervisors in uniform. In addition, members of the Imperial and Royal Security Guard and a gate guard were housed on the premises .

Initially, however, only homeless, healthy and able-bodied members of the municipality of Vienna and people whose home law was in question were accepted. In 1906 the restriction by the home law in Vienna was lifted.

Asylum house

The asylum house was a poor institution of the city of Vienna.

Not eligible for inclusion were hospital needy, drunken, people with a normal residence in the city, people respect to which the administration had already made a care and children under the age of 14 unaccompanied by an adult. "Unclean" people were also excluded, but they were given an unbureaucratic cleaning opportunity.

People who reported themselves were recorded. The asylum was opened for them at dusk and admission was possible all night. Individuals or families with children assigned by the Vienna City Administration, poor institutes or the kk police were also admitted during the day.

One each stood to accommodate the homeless

  • Men's department for people over 14 years of age, one
  • Women's department for people over 14 years, one
  • Family department for women with children under the age of 14 and
  • One day and one dining room for men and one for women and children.

Werkhaus

The Werkhaus was also a poor institution for the city of Vienna.

Responsible homeless and unemployed people who were fully or at least partially able to work and over 14 years old were admitted to Vienna. They could either report themselves or were assigned by the police. In return for adequate work, they were offered food and lodging so that they could later do a job of their choice outside of the Werkhaus.

The jobs of men and women were separated as far as possible and the work was largely different.

Celebrities

For different reasons, some celebrities also stayed in the Vienna Asylum and Werkhaus.

  • Max Winter (1870–1937) was accepted as a house worker and processed his experiences in articles for the Arbeiter-Zeitung in 1898 and 1899.
  • Franz Stöger (1881–1956), Vienna City Councilor from 1923 to 1934, stayed overnight under a false name in 1931 - and was reprimanded for this by Julius Tandler (1869–1936).
  • Baron Karl (1882–1948) was the only one of them who went to the homeless shelter of the city of Vienna for real needs.

literature

  • The urban asylum and work house. In:  Wiener Bilder , No. 3/1898 (3rd year), January 16, 1898, p. 6, top left. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / wrb.
  • Asylum and Werkhaus imperial capital and residence city Vienna. The Asylum and Werkhaus of the City of Vienna . Gerlach and Wiedling, Vienna 1913 ( full text online; PDF ).
  • August Decker: The Asylum and Werkhaus of the City of Vienna 1885–1925 . Dissertation. University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 1949.
  • Friederike Kraus: Viennese originals of the interwar period . Thesis. University of Vienna, Vienna 2008 ( full text online; PDF, 14.9 MB ).
  • Michael Ofner: At the edge of society. Homelessness in a historical context and an analysis of the present . Thesis. University of Vienna, Vienna 2010 ( full text online; PDF, 5.6 MB ).
  • Karl Sablik: Julius Tandler. Medic and social reformer . Second edition. Lang, Frankfurt am Main / Vienna (among others) 2010, ISBN 978-3-631-60353-6 , p. 247 f ( text online ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Adolph Lehmann's general housing indicator 1870, company directory: Skene & Consorten , p. 544
  2. ↑ Vienna 1848–1888. Memorandum for December 2, 1888 . Volume 1. Municipal Council of the City of Vienna (ed.), Vienna 1888, p. 314 ( text online ).
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Asyl- und Werkhaus kk Reichshaupt and Residenzstadt Vienna .
  4. ^ Moritz Servé. In: Architects Lexicon Vienna 1770–1945. Published by the Architekturzentrum Wien . Vienna 2007.
  5. ↑ a b Decker: The Asylum and Werkhaus of the City of Vienna 1885–1925 .
  6. ↑ The Kontumazmarkt in the Wiener Kontumazanlage . In: The new Vienna. Städtewerk , Volume II. Municipality of Vienna, Vienna 1927.
  7. ↑ Red Cross: The Vienna Red Cross opens the largest emergency shelter for homeless men in Vienna , October 30, 2009
  8. ↑ Robert Kriechbaumer (Ed.): "Save this Austria ..." The minutes of the party congresses of the Christian Social Party in the First Republic . Series of publications by the Research Institute for Political-Historical Studies of the Dr.-Wilfried-Haslauer-Bibliothek, Salzburg, Volume 27, ZDB -ID 2234135-3 . Böhlau, Wien (et al.) 2006, ISBN 3-205-77378-0 , p. 392 ( online ).

Remarks

  1. ↑ In 1898 there was supposed to have been a capacity for 600 homeless people, see: Das Stadt Asyl- und Werkhaus .

Coordinates: 48 ° 10 ′ 34.9 "  N , 16 ° 23 ′ 47"  E