Exterior jade

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Jade and Weser fairways today
Jade, Weser and Elbe estuaries in 1906
View of the outer jade from the Friesenhörn (Schillig)

The section of the German Bight that lies between the inner jade and the transition of the jade flow into the open North Sea is referred to as the outer jade . The river begins in the south at km 25 of the federal waterway Jade on the Schillig - Mellum line (km 0 is at the level of the former first entrance to the Wilhelmshaven ports). East of the island of Minsener Oog it turns north-west and flows into the open North Sea at km 54 north of Spiekeroog . At this point, seagoing ships that want to use the Jade fairway to the south-east are required to have a pilot . In the west, the outer jade also includes the area of ​​the plateau belt and the sea-side coastal apron of Wangerooge and Minsener Oog.

Terminology

The contiguous area of ​​inner and outer jade is often referred to as jade . The Jade Bay is often included in this name for the sea area north of the Jade River . The lake Jade is not a continuation of the Jade River, as the salinity of the water is 3.0 percent immediately behind the mouth of the Jade in the Jade Bay , as the catchment area of the Jade River is relatively small. The salinity of the open North Sea is only 0.5 percentage points higher.

Insofar as no river flows into the North Sea, the jade estuary is not, strictly speaking, an estuary . Nevertheless, it is sometimes referred to as a “jade estuary”.

beacon

In order to show ships the way into the jade, the lightship "Außenjade" was anchored in the jade mouth in 1871 . The ship's position was 53 ° 48 'North, 8 ° 1' East. In 1903 the ship was replaced by the lightship "Außenjade II". This ship remained in service until 1978. The " Mellumplate " lighthouse was built between 1939 and 1942. Its location is 53 ° 46'18 "north, 8 ° 5'33" east (north of the island of Mellum on the eastern edge of the Jade fairway). It is still in operation today.

On the opposite (south) western side of the Outer Jade, the new lighthouse Wangerooge (position: 53 ° 47 north, 7 ° 52 'east) is still in operation. The New Wangerooge Lighthouse replaced the Old Wangerooge Lighthouse (53 ° 47 North, 7 ° 53 'East) as a beacon in 1969. The leading lights Minsener Oog Buhne A (53 ° 47 'north, 8 ° 0' east) and Minsener Oog Buhne C (53 ° 45 'north, 8 ° 1' east) were in operation until 1998.

  • Mellumplate lighthouse

  • Wangerooge old lighthouse

  • New lighthouse Wangerooge

fairway

The amount of water of the Jade Bay, which flows through the outer jade with every change of tide , already keeps the fairway largely free from silting up and silting up. Therefore, it is seldom necessary to rework with (suction) excavators. This is a great advantage of the deep water port of Wilhelmshaven, the depth of which Hamburg and Bremerhaven cannot show. Only a cross current between the East Frisian mainland and the chain of islands of the East Frisian islands would regularly wash sand in the direction of the fairway. On the other hand, a dam was built on the Olde Oog from 1906 to keep this flow out.

Web links

Commons : Outer Jade  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Günther Lang: A contribution to the tidal dynamics of the inner jade and the jade buss . In: Bulletin of the Federal Institute for Hydraulic Engineering No. 86. 2003, pp. 33–42
  2. ↑ IBL UmweltPlanung / City of Wilhelmshaven: Potentials for the use of cooling water at the Wilhelmshaven power station. Aquatic ecology report . 2007, p. 62
  3. ↑ Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde / Wasser- und Schifffahrtsamt Wilhelmshaven: Excavator and dump point investigations in the Jade ( Memento of the original from May 5, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 10.5 MB) Koblenz / Wilhelmshaven 2003, p. 10 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dredging-in-germany.de
  4. ↑ Department of Biosciences at the J. W. Goethe University Frankfurt: Marine Biological Excursion Wilhelmshaven and Helgoland 1 Summer 2006 (PDF; 2.3 MB), p. 17
  5. ↑ z. B. Andreas Malcherek: Tides and waves. The hydromechanics of coastal waters . Vieweg + Teubner, Wiesbaden 2010, p. 81
  6. ↑ Feuerschiffseite.de: Lightship "Außen-Jade" ( Memento from November 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  7. ↑ Leuchtturm-Atlas.de: Lightship Outer Jade II.