Børglum Monastery
The monastery Børglum is a former monastery in North Jutland in Denmark , as today farm is used. It was the seat of a bishopric from 1134 to 1554.
location
The monastery is located five kilometers east of Løkken , a small fishing village on Jammer Bay . It is in the municipality of Hjørring . The eponymous village of Børglum is around three kilometers east of the facility. There is a small lake not far from the monastery.
The building was built on a hill so you can see it from a great distance. Due to the exposed location, there is a clear view of the North Sea five kilometers away .
investment
The four buildings of the facility, gatehouse, stables, main house and church, enclose a central courtyard. Next to the church, a narrow path leads to the herb garden.
The monastery complex is partly open to the public. It houses an extensive museum, in which old clothes, medieval equipment, a wine cellar, documents and interiors from the period around 1900 (e.g. kitchen, living room, bathroom and bedchamber) can be viewed. One is particularly proud of a room in which Hans Christian Andersen stayed during one of his many trips. There is a permanent exhibition of old carriages in the stables. The herb garden and the church are also open to visitors.
There is a Dutch windmill on a hill opposite the facility . The gallery Dutchman once processed the grain of the estate. Closed since 1935, the wings of the (restored) mill have been crossed since September 26, 1942, after the Rottbøll family, who owned the estate, learned that the Danish police had shot 25-year-old Christian Michael Rottbøll; he was head of the English special forces in the resistance against the German occupation. The current owner of Børglums is his nephew.
history
The monastery of Børglum was first attested as a royal court in 1086 after King Canute the Holy had to flee after a popular uprising .
Around 1100 the western end of the Limfjord silted up . As a result, it was decided to move the bishopric from Vestervig on the Thy to Børglum. This happened in 1130. Five years later, the monastery was officially handed over to the Børglum diocese and at the same time the bishop's seat. Before 1176, Bishop Tuco I called Premonstratensians from Steinfeld , who from then on formed the cathedral chapter . From then on the bishop was also abbot of the monastery, which was headed by a provost. The canons ran the monastery at least until the diocese was incorporated into the Aalborg diocese (1554). In 1190 they added another sleeping wing to the building so that it could accommodate more people.
The religious led the Børglum monastery into the “Golden Era” and achieved a great deal of power. At times more than 47 mansions or dependent farms belonged to the monastery’s sphere of influence. The cathedral, which began around 1220/30, was never completed.
The last Catholic bishop of Børglum was Stygge Krumpen . He was considered very self-centered and did not care much about the commandments of chastity and celibacy . Soon after taking office, he and his lover moved to what he thought was more comfortable Castle Voergård . When the Reformation reached North Jutland in 1539, he was arrested because of his strict faith, which he did not want to adapt to the new regulations. In the course of the upheaval, both the fortune and the lands of the diocese passed to the king. However, there are also reports that Stygge Krumpen was an excellent priest and administrator of his diocese, and as a so-called observant he was a particularly honorable Catholic and thus one of the last strongholds of Catholicism in Denmark. Because he could not be bribed, trumped-up charges were made and a trial was denied.
The monastery was taken over by Peder Reedtz, the first private owner, in 1669 and subsequently converted into an estate . It is still privately owned today. Between 1750 and 1754 the complex was modernized in the baroque style according to plans by the architect Lauritz de Thurah . Thurah's father-in-law was the host of the monastery at the time. Today the owners of the monastery own land with a total area of 445 hectares .
church
Around 1215, the construction of a Gothic basilica on the foundations of the previous Romanesque building began at the monastery. The church, which as the seat of a bishop was soon named " Cathedral ", was consecrated to the Virgin Mary . Today it serves as a parish church for the municipality of Børglum .
Altar of the monastery church
Organ of the monastery church
Room and altar
Pulpit and corridor there
altar
Choir room
Organ gallery with organ
Baptistery ...
... detail
similar looking putti
Coat of arms on the organ gallery
Others
- Legend has it that the bishop's henchmen looted the ships that ran aground off the coast and killed the crew. This was a good source of income. If too few ships got off course, a monk on the beach is said to have waved a torch and thus misled the captains. Hans Christian Andersen deals with this topic in his fairy tale "The Bishop of Børglum and His Relatives" .
- The chief sculptor and stonemason at Mount Rushmore National Memorial in the US state of South Dakota was named John Gutzon de la Mothe Borglum . His father, a Danish immigrant, was closely related to the former owners of the monastery.
Owner of Børglum Monastery
- 1086–1135 royal family
- 1135–1185 Børglum diocese
- 1185-1536 Premonstratensian Order
- 1536–1669 royal family
- 1669–1689 Peder Reedtz
- 1689–1699 Christian Reedtz
- 1699–1714 Queen Charlotte Amalie
- 1714–1716 King Frederik IV.
- 1716 – Princess Sophie Hedevig
- 1716–1719 CG von Møsting
- 1719–1738 Frederik Kjær Kjærskiold
- 1738–1740 Inger Pop
- 1740–1742 Christiane Marie Frederiksdatter Kjærskiold
- 1742–1748 Johan Henrik Rantzau
- 1748–1750 Christiane Marie Frederiksdatter Kjærskiold
- 1750–1756 Laurids de Thurah
- 1756-1770 Jens de Poulson
- 1770–1800 Count Marcus Gerhard von Rosencrone
- 1800–1802 Jørgen Pedersen Quistgaard
- 1802–1804 Niels Friderichsen Hillerup / Arent Hassel Rasmussen
- 1804–1835 Niels Friderichsen Hillerup
- 1835–1894 Christian Michael Rottbøll senior
- 1894–1910 Jens Michael Rottbøll
- 1910–1930 Christian Michael Rottbøll junior
- 1930–1956 Henning Rottbøll
- 1956-1984 Henning Nicolay Rottbøll
- since 1984 Hans Henning Rottbøll
Web links
- The website of the monastery (in Danish, German, English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Thit Jensen The Bishop of Börglum 1938
Coordinates: 57 ° 22 ′ 8 ″ N , 9 ° 47 ′ 57 ″ E