Bürgerweide (Bremen)
The Bürgerweide is a partially built-up event area in Bremen , on which u. a. the Bremer Freimarkt takes place every year . It is located near the center of Bremen, directly between the main train station (north exit, Willy-Brandt-Platz ) and Bürgerpark and belongs to the Bremen-Findorff district .
history
The origin of the Bürgerweide is not certain. Since the 15th century it has been said that Countess Emma von Lesum († 1038) gave this area to the Bremen church; then Countess Emma is said to have allowed the citizens to use the land as pasture or even to have given it to the citizens of Bremen. According to a legend, a cripple should have circled an area in one day and thus determined its size. The head between the feet of the Bremen Roland is attributed to this cripple.
It is a fact that Archbishop Hartwig I confirmed the boundary of the pasture in 1159 in the so-called Bremer Weidebrief and the pasture was a common area - that is, a common property. The borders remained in dispute, however, and they were also a reason for the 104 men uprising .
Until the 19th century, the Bürgerweide served as pasture for livestock, which everyone in Bremen was free to use. Every citizen could drive 2 to 4 cows to this pasture. For this purpose, up to 1000 cows and a few horses were brought from the Herdentor to the community pasture, which at that time was still far from the city wall. The boundaries were fixed over the years from Weidedamm to Kuhgraben (today Parkallee ) and from Straße An der Weide to Kleine Wümme . The supervision was carried out by the pasture master and his inspector as well as the deputies of the four parishes. The shepherd and an accountant supervised the operation.
From the 18th century the pasture could also be used for other purposes. Soldiers practiced in the pasture. The Herdentorfriedhof was laid out in 1813 and used until 1875. From 1854 to 1898 the gas works stood on the Bürgerweide. In 1859 a gym followed and in 1863 a shooting range on Parkallee. Only 73 cows were herded to pasture in 1863. In 1865 the 2nd German Federal Shooting took place and from 1866 the Bürgerpark Bremen was created. From 1873 to 1889 the southern part of the Venlo train station and since 1882 the slaughterhouse, as well as sports fields and parcels. From 1900 to 1956 this was the terminus of the Bremen – Tarmstedt small train , also known as "Jan Reiners". The station building was demolished in 1960 to make room for the town hall. The Freimarkt has been held here since 1934 . In 1945 provisional sports halls were built; The Bremen city hall was built in 1964 and from 1983 to 1993 there was also an ice rink on the Bürgerweide.
Todays use
Today only the area up to Hollerallee and the adjacent public park is called Bürgerweide. Part of the Bürgerweide is made up of the Bremen City Hall (official designation: 1964–2004 City Hall Bremen , 2005–2009 AWD Dome , 2009–2011 Bremen Arena , since 2011 ÖVB Arena ), the Congress Center Bremen (1997), the exhibition halls with a multi-storey car park (1994 to 1996), a hotel (1998) and the Bremer Schlachthof (now a cultural center). Events are held regularly in the rest of the area. These include the Freimarkt , the Osterwiese and every Sunday the most important flea market in Bremen. Outside the event times, the Bürgerweide is used as a parking lot.
Telecommunications tower Bremen , Kulturzentrum Schlachthof (Bremen) , exhibition halls 7, 6 (half covered), 5, 4 and 2/3 (also Congress Centrum Bremen , zum Time of recording with scaffolding due to maintenance work), City Hall Bremen .
See also
literature
- Herbert Black Forest : The Great Bremen Lexicon . 2nd, updated, revised and expanded edition. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-693-X .
- Martin Specht: Investigations into the legal history of the Bremer Bürgerweide. In: Jahrbuch der Wittheit zu Bremen 22, 1978, pp. 199–215.
Web links
- www.bürgerpark-bremen.de - The legend of Countess Emma
Coordinates: 53 ° 5 ′ 15 ″ N , 8 ° 48 ′ 46 ″ E