Organ booklet
The little organ book by Johann Sebastian Bach is a collection of chorale- related organ pieces ( chorale preludes ), which he composed mainly during his tenure in Weimar from 1712 to 1717 ( BWV 599–644).
The individual movements in the collection are linked by high artistic standards and the idea of usability both in church services and in instrumental and composition lessons. According to Christoph Wolff, characteristic of Bach's chorale movements in the Orgelbüchlein are : “Dense motivic structure and contrapuntal refinement (up to the strict canon) in connection with a bold and expressive musical language and subtle musical-theological interpretation of the text. Each movement achieves proportional balance, as manual and pedal parts elegantly combine to form an exemplary organ score. "
Emergence
Bach created the ninety-page, landscape-format book at the beginning of his Weimar period, i.e. around 1708, and already entered all the titles of the 164 planned chorales. In doing so, he not only determined which chorals he wanted to copy or set to music, but also whether they would each comprise one or two pages of six lines. As is customary in hymn books to this day, the order of the movements is that of the church year. About half of the entries are fair copies, i.e. copies of existing works.
He almost completely filled the first part, from Christmas to Easter, after which gradually larger and larger gaps appeared - apparently the very ambitious project gradually faded into the background, so that after 1726 he only added a single complete setting. The little organ book now includes “46 performed chorale preludes”, as an unknown scribe added to Bach's title.
Bach only added the title around 1720; it reads:
- Organ = booklet
- Wherein an approaching organist
- Instructions are given on all kinds of things
- Arth to perform a chorale,
- bey also to be in the pedal studio
- litiren in such a way
- any chorals located on the pedal
- tractiret is absolutely obligatory.
In 1739, when the third part of the keyboard exercise was being written, these movements were evidently too historical to go back to again; Bach's chorale adaptations from the later period are usually much larger.
Organ booklet project for "completion"
In the international organ booklet project, contemporary new compositions are collected that are intended to fill the “gaps” in the organ booklet. The composers should adhere to Bach's specifications in terms of scope, but are otherwise stylistically free. The project is curated by William Whitehead ; The patrons are Paul McCreesh and Dame Gillian Weir .
Overview of the individual sentences
Autograph no. | BWV | Title of the chorale | Time signature | key | annotation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
I. | BWV 599 | Now come, the Gentile Savior | c | A minor | |
II | BWV 600 | God by your goodness | 3/2 | F major | |
III | BWV 601 | Mr. Christ, the turned Son of God | c | A major | |
IV | BWV 602 | Praise be to Almighty God | c | F major | |
V | BWV 603 | Puer natus in Bethlehem | 3/2 | G minor | |
VI | BWV 604 | Blessed be you, Jesus Christ | c | C major | |
VII | BWV 605 | The day is so joyful | c | G major | |
VIII | BWV 606 | Up from heaven, that's where I come from | c | D major | |
IX | BWV 607 | The angels came from heaven | 3/2 | G minor | |
X | BWV 608 | In dulci jubilo | 3/2 | A major | |
XI | BWV 609 | Praise God, you Christians, all at once | c | G major | |
XII | BWV 610 | Jesus my joy | c | C minor | |
BWV 753 | Jesus my joy | c | D minor | fragment | |
XIII | BWV 611 | Christ we should already praise | c | D minor | |
XIV | BWV 612 | We Christians | c | G minor | |
XV | BWV 613 | Help me praise God's goodness | c | B minor | |
XVI | BWV 614 | the old year has passed | c | A minor | |
XVII | BWV 615 | There is joy in you | 3/2 | G major | |
XVIII | BWV 616 | I'll go there with Fried and Freud | c | D minor | |
XIX | BWV 617 | Lord God, now unlock the sky | c 24/16 | A minor | |
XX | BWV 618 | O Lamb of God, innocent | c | F major | |
XXI | BWV 619 | Christ, you Lamb of God | 3/2 | F major | |
XXII | BWV 620 | Christ who saves us | c | A minor | |
XXIII | BWV 621 | Since Jesus was standing on the cross | c | E- Phrygian | |
XXIV | BWV 622 | O man, weep greatly for your sin | c | E flat major | |
XXV | BWV 623 | We thank you, Lord Jesus Christ | 3/4 | G major | |
XXVI | BWV 624 | Help God to make it happen | c | G minor | |
XXVII | BWV 625 | Christ lay in the bonds of death | c | d- Dorian | |
XXVIII | BWV 626 | Jesus Christ, our Savior, who overcame death | 12/8 | A minor | |
XXIX | BWV 627 | Christ is risen | c - c - c | d-Doric | 3 verses |
XXX | BWV 628 | The holy Christian has risen | 3/2 | D major | |
XXXI | BWV 629 | The glorious day has appeared | 3/2 | d-Doric | |
XXXII | BWV 630 | Today the Son of God triumphs | 3/2 | D minor | |
XXXIII | BWV 631 | Come, God Creator, Holy Spirit | c 12/8 | G- Lydian | Later version: BWV 667 |
XXXIV | BWV 632 | Lord Jesus Christ, turn to us | c | F major | |
XXXV | BWV 633 | Dearest Jesus, we are here | c | A major | |
BWV 634 | Dearest Jesus, we are here | c | A major | Variant of BWV 633 | |
XXXVI | BWV 635 | These are the ten sacred commandments | ¢ | G minor | |
XXXVII | BWV 636 | Our father in the Heaven | c | D minor | |
XXXVIII | BWV 637 | Adam's fall is utterly corrupt | c | D minor | |
XXXIX | BWV 638 | It is salvation that we come here | c | D major | |
XL | BWV 639 | I call to you, Lord Jesus Christ | c | F minor | |
XLI | BWV 640 | I hoped in you, sir | c | E minor | |
XLII | BWV 641 | When we are in dire straits | c | G major | Later version: BWV 668 |
XLIII | BWV 642 | Who only lets God rule | c | A minor | |
XLIV | BWV 643 | All people must die | c | G major | |
XLV | BWV 644 | Oh how fleeting, oh how void | c | G minor |
expenditure
The organ booklet is available in various sheet music editions:
- Griepenkerl / Roitzsch, vol. 5
- Lohmann, Vol. 7
- NBA , Vol. 1
- Ed. Heinz-Harald Löhlein, BVK, 31999 (Documenta Musicologica, Series II, Vol. 11): Facsimile of the autograph
- Edited by Ulrich Leisinger . Wiener Urtext Edition
- Sven Hiemke (Ed.): JS Bach, Complete Organ Works , Vol. 7. Breitkopf & Härtel, 2011
- George B. Stauffer (Ed.): JS Bach, The Complete Organ Works , Ser. I. Vol. 1A: Pedagogical Works. Standard Urtext. Vol. 1B: Pedagogical Works. Practical Urtext. Wayne Leupold Editions, 2012
literature
- Russell Stinson: Bach: The Orgelbüchlein . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford 1999, ISBN 978-0-19-386214-2 .
- Peter Williams : Johann Sebastian Bach's Organ Works. Volume 2: Choral arrangements. Schott, Mainz a. a. 1998, ISBN 978-3-7957-1854-1 .
- Sven Hiemke: Johann Sebastian Bach - Organ Booklet . Kassel 2007, ISBN 978-3-7618-1734-6 .
Web links
- Discography (English)
- mutopiaproject.org Under JS Bach's organ works for the Mutopia project you can also find the chorales from the little organ book in PDF and midi format.
- Organ Booklet : Sheet Music and Audio Files in the International Music Score Library Project
- orgelbuechlein.co.uk - the organ booklet project to "complete"
Individual evidence
- ^ Christoph Wolff: Johann Sebastian Bach , 2nd edition 2007. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main, ISBN 978-3-596-16739-5