Blessed be you, Jesus Christ

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Gelobet seystu Jhesu Christ in Walters Eyn geystlich Gesangk Buchleyn
Praise seystu Jesu Christ in the Erfurt Enchiridion

Praised be you, Jesu Christ (original text: Gelobet seystu Jesu Christ) is a chorale by Martin Luther that appeared in the Enchiridion in Erfurt in 1524 . It was the main Lutheran song for Boxing Day .

Luther's text

Luther's poetry includes the pre-Reformation quiet "Lovet sistu Ihesu Crist" as the first stanza . This contrafactum is based on the Latin sequence for the Christmas Midnight Mass Grates nunc omnes from the first half of the 11th century and is in a dating from around 1380 manuscript of the Cistercian - Kloster Medingen handed. Luther's six additional stanzas also end with the call to Kyrieleis. Following on from motifs from the early Church , Luther unfolds in ever new pictures the contrast between the omnipotence of the eternal Son of God and the smallness and poverty of the child in which he became human, and thus the greatness of divine love. Verse 6 formulates the wonderful exchange following 2 Cor 8,9  LUT .

The seal was published in Erfurt in 1524 in the Eyn Enchiridion collection .

melody

Melody, from the Bach Cantata (BWV 91)

{\ clef treble \ key g \ major \ tempo 4 = 80 \ set Staff.midiInstrument = "english horn" {\ set Score.tempoHideNote = ## t \ override Score.BarNumber # 'transparent = ## t \ time 4 / 4 \ relative {\ partial 4 g 'g4 gag c4 d c2 \ fermata b8 c d4 e d8 c b4 ag \ fermata gc b8 c d4 a g8 fis e4 d \ fermata da' aab c8 b a4 g8 (a b4 a2) \ fermata g4 g g2 g4 \ fermata \ bar "|."}}}

The melody ? / i with the German text first appeared in Geystliche Gesangk Buchleyn , collected by Johann Walter . It is likely that Luther and Walter worked together on the counterfactoring of the older Christmas sequence. The melody is in the eighth church tone (Tetrardus plagalis) . The top notes of the singing style coincide exactly with the meaningful words in the first stanza. The rhythmically changing line beginnings are characteristic: upbeat in line 1, 3 and 4 and full-measure in line 2. Audio file / audio sample

The tone sequence of the first verse can also be found in the hymn God be praised and given ( God praise 215).

Musical arrangements

Balthasar Resinarius composed a chorale motet, published in 1544. One movement by Walter dates from 1551, one by Antonio Scandello in 1575. Lucas Osiander wrote a four-part movement in 1586, Erhard Bodenschatz in 1608, and Samuel Scheidt in 1650 in two movements. A five-part motet by Johannes Eccard was printed in 1597, one by Adam Gumpelzhaimer in Augsburg in 1618, and Andreas Raselius wrote a five-part movement in 1610. Melchior Schärer (1570–1602) composed the chorale as a three -part a cappella motet, and Michael Praetorius composed movements for various ensembles. Johann Hermann Schein wrote a cantata for three voices in 1618 , Johann Crüger composed it for four voices, two obbligato instruments (violins) and continuo.

At the time of Johann Sebastian Bach , the chorale was the main song for Christmas Day . In 1724 he created his cantata of the same name for this day, Praise be to you, Jesus Christ . He also used individual stanzas for Christmas music, as early as 1723 stanza 7 in the cantata for Christmas Day See what love our father has shown us , and in 1734 two stanzas in his Christmas oratorio , stanza 6 in movement 7 in connection with recitative , stanza 7 in sentence 28. Johann Mattheson used the first and last stanzas as the opening and closing choruses of his Christmas oratorio The Greatest Child , replacing Kyrieleis with Hallelujah.

Cantatas were also written by Gottfried August Homilius , Friedrich cell (1845–1927), and Kurt Hessenberg , who in 1935 wrote a choral cantata for mixed choir, two solo voices, organ and orchestra op. Walter Steffens wrote motets on behalf of ZDF, including 1982 Praise be to you, Jesus Christ for a cappella choirs.

The chorale inspired organ movements by Baroque composers such as Dieterich Buxtehude , Johann Pachelbel , Georg Böhm , Bach, Homilius, Johann Christoph Altnikol and Johann Philipp Kirnberger .

Usage today

The chant was translated into numerous languages, recorded in hymn books and sung as a Christmas carol. The song can be found in the Evangelical Hymnal (EG 23) and in the Praise of God (GL 252; GL old  130).

Translations

Danish translation "Lovet være du Jesu Christ ..." in the Danish hymn book Rostock 1529, nos. 19 and 41, taken over into the Danish hymn book by Ludwig Dietz, Salmebog , 1536, and into the hymn book by Hans Tausen , En Ny Psalmebog , 1553 ("Loffuit være du Jesus Christ ..." and "Wi loffue dig alle Jesu Christ ..."). Another translation appeared in the Danish hymn book Malmö [then Danish] in 1529, the above first version then again in Danish hymn books of 1553 and 1569; edited by Nikolai Frederik Severin Grundtvig in 1837 and 1845, "Lovet være du Jesu Krist! at you menneske vorden est ..." and then taken over into the Danish church hymn book Den Danske Salmebog , Copenhagen 1953, no. 89, and in Den Danske Salmebog , Copenhagen 2002, No. 108. Also printed in the hymn book of the Danish folk high school movement Højskolesangbogen , 18th edition, Copenhagen 2006, No. 220 (source: after Luther 1523, in Danish by Claus Mortensen 1528, edited by Grundtvig in 1837 and 1845; melody: Danish folk melody [1814]).

literature

Web links

Wikisource: Gelobet seystu Jesu Christ (Enchiridion 1524)  - Sources and full texts
Commons : Blessed be you, Jesus Christ  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Walther Lipphardt: Two newly found nuns' prayer books from the Lüneburg Heath as a source of Low German hymns from the Middle Ages . In: Jahrbuch für Liturgik und Hymnologie , Jg. 14 (1969), pp. 123-129, here p. 127 ( JSTOR 24193532 ).
  2. ↑ a b Grates nunc omnes , in: On Contrafactures of Gregorian Repertoire , December 2018, accessed on December 17, 2018
  3. ^ A b John Julian: Texts ›Praised be you, Jesus Christ, that you human ( English ) Dictionary of Hymnology. 1907. Retrieved December 14, 2010.
  4. ↑ a b Praised be you, Jesus Christ at Bach Cantatas (English)
  5. ↑ cf. the A solis ortus cardine, also translated into German by Luther
  6. ↑ See also Condescendence (The Descent of the Son of God from the Glory of Heaven)
  7. ↑ a b c d Praised be you, Jesu Christ / Chorale Melodies used in Bach's Vocal Works ( English ) bach-cantatas.com. 2008. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
  8. ↑ Cf. Otto Holzapfel : Lied index: The older German-language popular song tradition ( online version on the Volksmusikarchiv homepage of the Upper Bavaria district ; in PDF format; ongoing updates) with further information.