Bakaiata
|
Bakaiata Бакайата |
|||||
|
|||||
| Basic data | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State : |
 Kyrgyzstan
|
||||
| Territory : | Talas | ||||
| Coordinates : | 42 ° 31 ' N , 71 ° 54' E | ||||
| Height : | 1191 m | ||||
| Residents : | 6,834 (2009) | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+996) 3457 | ||||
| Structure and administration | |||||
| Community type : | Village | ||||
Bakaiata ( Kyrgyz Бакайата ; Leninpol until 1992 ) is a village in the Talas area near the city of Talas in Kyrgyzstan .
The nine-kilometer settlement on the mountain range Böltök along, between the mountain rivers Urmaral and Kumuschtak , received its current name in 1992, after the independence of the Kyrgyz Republic. Until then, the village was called Leninpol for 60 years . This was also a new name after four previously independent Plautdietsche villages had been grouped together.
history
At this point in the Talas Valley, German Mennonites were allocated land for settlement in Tashkent by the Governor of Turkestan in 1882 . In treks that lasted months they came by horse and cart, mostly from the villages of the Molotscha settlement in southern Russia and from the Volga . With the approval of the responsible district administration in Aulie-Ata (today's city of Taras in Kazakhstan), the immigrants founded four small villages called Köppental , Nikolaipol , Gnadental and Gnadenfeld . In the entry in the register of Russian settlements in Central Asia in 1893, this German names were not recognized, and three of the four villages were given Russian names: Köppental was Romanowka , Gnadental was Andreewka and Gnadenfeld was Vladimirovka . Only Nikolaipol kept its old name. Gnadenfeld / Wladimirowka consisted of seven farms at the time and was therefore given a second name by the Kyrgyz - Djetykibit (Kyrgyz for seven houses ).
For the next 40 to 50 years, Germans formed the majority in these villages, and the colloquial language was Plautdietsch (Low German). School lessons and the church language were always High German from 1882 to 1938. Then German was replaced by Russian in school lessons and the church closed.
As the land between the villages was developed over time, the four small settlements gradually grew together, and in 1931 they were united under the name of Leninpol . At the same time the Rajonverwaltung (district administration) came to Leninpol.
The Germans in Leninpol gradually became a minority over the next 30 to 40 years, because German men and women were sent to forced labor during the war years, while at the same time deported Karachay people from the Caucasus were resettled in the village. In addition, at the end of the 1950s, Kyrgyz villages (Shapak and Tschon-Alysch) were relocated and incorporated into Leninpol. With the immigration of more Kyrgyz people from other villages and the partial relocation of Germans to other areas, the ethnic situation shifted further to the disadvantage of the German minority.
In the mid-1980s there were still almost 4,000 Germans living in Leninpol. In the following 20 years, since the beginning of perestroika in what was then the Soviet Union , almost all of them left the village. The majority went to Germany as repatriates . Most of the Russians also moved from Leninpol / Bakaiata to Russia by the mid-1990s.
The official language as well as the school instruction in Bakaiata have been Kyrgyz since the independence of Kyrgyzstan in 1991. A few years later, the Russian language was approved as the second state language in the country. As a result, a private high school was opened in Bakaiata in 1997, with lessons in Russian. In the former middle school, too, school lessons have been partly in Russian since 2002.
Former residents of the villages in the Talas Valley, who now live in Germany, have been well connected to their old homeland and have old friends there. Dozens of mutual visits as private guests or tourists take place every year.
sons and daughters of the town
- Dastan Lepschakow , billiard player and world champion
See also
literature
- Robert Friesen: In the footsteps of the ancestors. 1882 - 1992. The prehistory and 110 years of the Germans in the Talas Valley in Central Asia . 2nd Edition. R. Friesen, Minden 2001, ISBN 3-9805205-5-2 .