Plautdietsch

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Plautdietsch

Spoken in

Asia, Europe, Latin America, Caribbean, North America
speaker 500,000
Linguistic
classification
Language codes
ISO 639 -1

-

ISO 639 -2

(gem - Germanic languages)

ISO 639-3

pdt

Plautdietsch is the language of Russian Mennonite - in the North American regions as Mennonite Low German (literally. Mennonite Low German known). It is a Lower Prussian variety of East Low German that emerged in the Vistula Delta in the 16th and 17th centuries .

Language example: Our Father

The Plautdietian Our Father is as follows:

Ons Voda em heaven!
Dien Nome saul Heilich jehoole woare.
Lot dien Ritj kome;
lot dien wave opp Ieed jrod soo
jedone woare from em heaven.
Jeff ons daut Broot, daut as vondoag brucke.
Vejeff ons onse Schult,
like dee vejewe, dee veschuljcht aun ons.
Brinj ons nich en Vesieetjunk,
oba bewoa ons von dem Beese.
Wiels die jehiet daut Ritj
en dee Krauft en dee Harlichtjeit
opp emma en emma.
Amen.
"

distribution

Around 500,000 people speak Plautdietsch worldwide , and around 200,000 in Germany have Plautdietsch origins. The majority of them immigrated from the successor states of the Soviet Union in the 1990s : around ten percent of all Russian-Germans are Russian mennonites .

For many Plautdietsche, multilingualism with English , German , Russian or Spanish is a matter of course. However , there are also around 100,000 monolingual Plautdietsch speakers in Latin America .

Plautdietsch is spoken worldwide today. Larger centers and linguistic islands are mainly located in:

Distribution in Germany

The largest settlement density of the Plautdietsch speakers can be found in Ostwestfalen-Lippe , while larger speaker groups can also be found in the region around Frankenthal , Neuwied , Gummersbach , Alheim or Cologne / Bonn . In contrast to the autochthonous speakers of the North German Low German varieties, the Plautdietsch speakers, as part of the Russian-German immigrant group, are also at home in the southern German states. Thus, Plautdietschen's associations and institutions are also migrant self-organizations (MSO).

Associations and initiatives

The Plautdietsch Friends Association was founded in 1999 by Russian-German emigrants . The office - with a literature and media collection on and above Plautdietsch - moved from Oerlinghausen to Detmold in 2006 . The aim is to document and maintain the Plautdietsch language. The association organizes annual specialist conferences and study trips and publishes the quarterly magazine Plautdietsch FRIND . On a national and international level, the Plautdietsch Friends Association represents a forum for a wide range of interests relating to Plautdietsch. Peter Wiens , founder and long-time chairman of the association, was also editor-in-chief of the Plautdietsch FRIND magazine and a guest member of the Federal Council for Low German (BfN). Heinrich Siemens has now taken over the chairmanship of the association, the editorial management and the representation of Plautdietschen in the BfN .

Other initiatives that are committed to the maintenance and preservation of the Plautdietschen language include: B. the group Gendach by Tatjana Klassner ( Warendorf , Everswinkel ), the working group by and with Tina Wedel ( Bonn , Kruft ) or the working group for plautdietsche literature by and with Agnes Gossen (formerly Giesbrecht) (Bonn, Oerlinghausen ). Every year, Klassner, Wedel and Gossen organize larger cultural events such as the Anna German Festival , the Plautdietscha Nomeddach in Kruft or the Plautdietsch Literature Prize - usually in cooperation with the Plautdietsch Friends Association.

As part of the 2009 annual conference, the Plautdietsch friends founded a loose network of Plautdietsch researchers. This network is to become the basis for the creation of an institute for Plautdietsch , which will deal with linguistic and other subject areas around Plautdietsch on an interdisciplinary and international level.

Radio, television and internet

The association SW-Radio (Segenswelle) was founded in May 2005 and is based in Detmold . The association produces Plautdietsche radio broadcasts and documents life stories, testimonies, stories and special events of the Low German Mennonites and publishes them primarily on the radio. With its founder and chairman Viktor Sawatzki, the association organizes services in Plautdietsch language every year. At the moment you can receive Plautdietsche radio broadcasts via shortwave, SAT, Internet and telephone.

Radio HCJB in Quito , Ecuador broadcasts a Plautdietsches radio program that was broadcast via the Wertachtal shortwave relay station until 2013 and can also be received as Internet radio in Germany. In Latin America , Radio ZP-30 ( Paraguay ) and Radio Mensajero (also Paraguay) are particularly active in broadcasting radio programs in the Plautdietsch language. Just like HCJB, these two radio stations also broadcast programs in High German and Spanish.

There are also initiatives in North America to spread the Plautdietsch language. In addition to Radio De Brigj from Aylmer , Ontario , the internet offerings are being expanded in particular. For example, there are a number of pages on Facebook that deal with Plautdietsch, for example Plautdietsch - Oba yo! , LowGerman - Low German , PlautCast , Plautdietsch . There are also a number of websites that are explicitly dedicated to the written and spoken Plautdietsch of the Russian mennonites in the USA and Canada, such as B. Plautdietsch.ca by Jim Derksen in Winnipeg , Manitoba . This page is primarily intended for English-speaking users who want to deal with Plautdietsch. A general overview of Plautdietsch and various resources that introduce Plautdietsch is provided here. With the PlautCast web service from Winnipeg, probably the best-known initiative, the founders and operators Ken Sawatzky and Vern Neufeld offer regular audio programs, podcasts and videos on Plautdietsch that deal with various aspects of Plautdietsch speaking around the world deal.

Plautdietsche films

2007 Stellet Licht was nominated by the Mexican film director Carlos Reygadas for the Palme d'Or in Cannes . Together with Marjane Satrapi and Vincent Paronnauds animated film Persepolis was Silent Light won the Jury Prize (Prix du Jury). In October 2007, Mexico's Academy of Cinematographic Arts and Sciences proposed Stellet Licht for nomination for an Oscar 2008 in the category “Best Foreign Language Film”. The film was shot in a Mennonite community in Chihuahua , Mexico.

In 2005, Italian film producers commissioned National Geographic to create a documentary about two conservative Mennonite colonies in northern Mexico. The Perfect World of the Mennonites was broadcast worldwide in 2006 on the National Geographic Channel in Plautdiet's original sound with adapted subtitles.

For the purpose of language documentation, amateur recordings of Plautdietsch events are also collected and archived in the office of the Plautdietsch Friends Association . In particular, the recordings of theatrical performances, such as those by Dee Fria or Oppe Forstei by Arnold Dyck , are valuable documents in both cultural and linguistic terms. Initiated by the Moving Memory project , more and more oral history documentaries are being produced, which are published in short episodes on YouTube or MyVideo .

Plautdietsche authors

literature

  • Reuben Epp: The Spelling of Low German and Plautdietsch. Towards An Official Plautdietsch Orthography. Reader's Press, Hillsboro Kan 1996, ISBN 0-9638494-1-7 .
  • Reuben Epp: The Story of Low German and Plautdietsch. Tracing a Language across the Globe. Reader's Press, Hillsboro 1993, ISBN 0-9638494-0-9 .
  • Göz Kaufmann: Variety dynamics in language contact situations. Attitudes and language behavior of Russian-German Mennonites in Mexico and the USA (=  Variolingua. Volume 3). Lang, Frankfurt am Main a. a. 1997, ISBN 3-631-32239-9 .
  • Isaias J. McCaffery: Wi Leahre Plautdietsch: A Beginner's Guide to Mennonite Low German. Mennonite Heritage Museum, Goessel, Kansas 2008, ISBN 978-0-615-24765-6 .
  • Walther Mitzka : The language of the German Mennonites. Kafemann, Danzig 1930 (Heimatblätter des Deutschen Heimatbund Danzig, Vol. 8, H. 1; digitized version ).
  • Wolfgang Wilfrid Moelleken (arr.): The Low German of the Molotschna colony and the Chortitza colony in British Columbia (=  Phonai. 10). De Gruyter, Berlin 1972, repr. 2017.
  • Wolfgang Wilfrid Moelleken: The Russian-German Mennonites in Canada and Mexico. Linguistic development and diglossic situation. In: Journal for Dialectology and Linguistics, Vol. 54, No. 2, 1987, pp. 145-183.
  • Zacharias JJ Neufeld (translator) a. a .: De Bible. Plautdietsch. Winnipeg Can / Miami 2003, ISBN 0-921788-97-5 .
  • Rogier Nieuweboer: The Altai Dialect of Plautdiitsch. West Sibirian Mennonite Low German. Lincom Europa, Groningen 1998 / Munich 1999, ISBN 3-89586-936-8 .
  • Plautdietsch FRIND. Magazine for Plautdietsch in Germany and worldwide. Edited by Plautdietsch-Freunde Oerlinghausen / Detmold 2001 ff., ISSN  1612-7250 , quarterly.
  • Johannes Reimer: "Mennonite speak Plautdietsch." Denomination and language among Low German of the former USSR. In: Mennonitische Geschichtsblätter , Vol. 64, 2007, pp. 55–67.
  • Kai Rohkohl: The Plautdietsche language island Fernheim / Chaco (Paraguay). Documentation of the language behavior of a Russian-German Mennonite colony. Elwert, Marburg 1993, ISBN 3-7708-1020-1 .
  • Antoine de Saint-Exupéry : Dee tjliena Prince. Mette Bilda vom Schriewa. Übers. Jack Thiessen, Ed. Walter Sauer. Michaela Naumann, Nidderau 2002.
  • Heinrich Siemens: Plautdietsch: grammar, history, perspectives. Tweeback, Bonn 2012, ISBN 978-3-9811978-5-3 .
  • Jack Thiessen: Mennonite Low German Dictionary. Mennonite-Low German dictionary. Elwert, Marburg 1977, again Wisconsin 2003, ISBN 0-924119-09-8 .
  • Peter Wiens: Plautdietsch - as it is. In: Annual edition, 46th Klaus Groth Society . Heide (Holstein) 2004, ISSN  0453-9842 , pp. 137-151.
  • Peter Wiens: Dialect and intercultural communication. The Low German variant "Plautdietsch" as a strong bridge in the integration of emigrants in Germany. In: Developmental Ethnology. Journal of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Entwicklungsethnologie, H. 2. Trier 2002, ISSN  0942-4466 , pp. 131-137.
  • Peter Wiens: The “Plautdietsch Friends” association. A Mennonite dialect builds bridges. In: Mennonite Yearbook . Ed. Working Group of Mennonite Congregations , Lahr 2004, pp. 126–128.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Plautdietsch Friends: 10 Years of Plautdietsch Friends (November 22, 2009)
  2. SW-Radio (Segenswelle) , accessed on April 15, 2019.
  3. De Brigj Radio
  4. Archived copy ( Memento from June 12, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  5. http://movingmemory.blogspot.com/