Sphagnum balticum
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Sphagnum balticum is a peat moss of section Cuspidata from the Department of mosses (Bryophyta). It iscalled Baltic peat moss in the German-speaking area.
description
Appearance, leaf and microscopic features
The Baltic peat moss is a small to normal-sized peat moss with more or less weak stems and five-pointed, flat heads. With a brownish basic color it can have brown-green, yellow-green, yellowish to golden-brown hues. It is usually scattered, and occasionally forms small cushions.
The stems show a light green to brown color and are sometimes reddish at the branches. The trunk closure tissue consists of two to three layers of normally thin-walled and different cells.
The triangular-tongue-shaped to tongue-shaped and concave stem leaves spread from the stem with a length of 0.8 to 1.1 millimeters. The upper end is broadly obtuse. The Hyalocyten in this area fibrillös strengthened.
The two protruding branches and usually a hanging branch in fascicle - or whorl- like tufts of branches attach to the trunk . They are slender, tapering and often have five rows of leaves, with the leaves being somewhat elongated at the end. The bark of the green branch trunk is enlarged by clear retort cells.
The 1.0 to 1.7 millimeter long leaflets are ovate-lanceolate, straight, slightly wavy and spreading with an entire leaf margin. The hyalocytes on the convex side of the leaf have one to five guard cells at the cell ends and are without guard cells at the upper end of the leaf. On the concave surface, there are round, guard cell-like wall thinnings at the cell ends and the cell corners. The chlorocytes are triangular in the leaf cross-section and are enclosed on the concave surface.
Sexual characteristics
Gender alignment is the diocesan or dioecious form of gender distribution. The spore capsules of the Baltic peat moss ripen in late summer. The spores measure about 25 to 33 micrometers and are smooth to finely papilous on both surfaces .
Occurrence
The Baltic peat moss occurs in North America , North Asia and Europe in Schlenken in raised bogs and nutrient-poor swamps . The range in North America includes Greenland , most of Canada and the US Alaska and Colorado . The main focus of the European deposits is in northern Europe. In Germany , the Baltic peat moss is rare and widespread in the north German lowlands. The Baltic peat moss is very rarely found in the German Alpine region. There are other European occurrences, for example, in Austria and Switzerland.
Hazard and protection
The peat mosses as a whole are endangered by the destruction of their habitats. The approach to recording the risk and creating protective measures therefore takes place at the level of the species and thus includes the Baltic peat moss.
Systematics
Sphagnum balticum was created in 1890 by Christian Erasmus Otterstrøm Jensen in Botaniske Forening i Kjøbenhavn, Festskrift. First described on p. 100 . Synonyms are Sphagnum boreale Russow , Sphagnum recurvum subsp. balticum Russow and Sphagnum ruppinense Warnst.
swell
literature
- Jan-Peter Frahm, Wolfgang Frey, J. Döring: Moosflora (= UTB for science . Volume 1250 ). 4th edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8252-1250-5 , pp. 166-168 .
- Cyrus B. McQueen, Richard E. Andrus: Bryophytes: Mosses . part 1: Sphagnaceae . In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America . tape 27 . Oxford University Press, New York a. a. 2007, ISBN 978-0-19-531823-4 , Sphagnum balticum (Russow) CEO Jensen, p. 65 (English, online - section description and distribution).
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Ludwig opinion, Wiebke Schröder: Baltic peat moss (Sphagnum balticum). (No longer available online.) In: moose-deutschland.de. Archived from the original on July 15, 2016 ; accessed on July 15, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Andy Amphlett, Sandy Payne: Sphagnum balticum. Baltic Bog-moss. (No longer available online.) In: british mosses and liverworts - a field guide. British Bryological Society, August 21, 2010, archived from the original January 4, 2012 ; accessed on February 5, 2012 (English, picture and description). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ GBIF Data Portal. In: Global Diversity Information Facility. European Environment Agency, accessed February 5, 2012 .
- ^ Eva Maria Temsch: Peat moss for beginners and professionals. In: Homepage of a botanist. Accessed February 5, 2012 (Sphagnum species in Austria with Sphagnum balticum ).
- ^ NISM National Inventory of the Swiss Moss Flora. In: Website with Sphagnum balticum. Institute for Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, accessed on February 5, 2012 .
- ↑ Sphagnum balticum (Russow) CEO Jensen - synonyms. In: Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden, accessed February 5, 2012 .
Web links
- Baltic bog moss (Sphagnum balticum). In: ARKIVE Images of Life on Earth. WildScreen, accessed on February 5, 2012 (English, picture and description).