Barbarossaplatz (Cologne)
The Barbarossaplatz is part of the Kölner Ringe , a 7½ kilometer ring road in Cologne . The square was named on May 10, 1883 after Friedrich I , called Barbarossa (Italian for "red beard").
Description, location and meaning
2) Neue Weyerstraße, B55 (access)
3) Neue Weyerstraße, B55 (exit)
4) Salierring, B9
5) Pfälzer Straße, B265
6) Luxemburger Straße , B265
7) Kyffhäuserstraße
8) Roonstraße
intersection A: 1 , 2,6,7,8
intersection B: 3,4,5
Barbarossaplatz: A - B
Barbarossaplatz consists of a tram stop in the middle of the square, which is surrounded on four sides by multi-lane lanes. The course is around 100 meters long in a south-westerly direction and around 50 meters wide in a north-easterly direction. At both ends of the square there is an intersection of side streets, sections of the Kölner Ring and federal roads. There is also a tram crossing at the southeast end. Bus stops and the second part of the Barbarossaplatz tram stop are located on neighboring streets.
The buildings were all built after the Second World War, all earlier buildings were destroyed in the war. The buildings on the northeast side are part of a closed city block , while the southwest side is a row of houses consisting of an ensemble of a 12-story high-rise and two smaller houses.
In February 2009, urban ethnologist Kathrin Wildner and sound engineer and audio researcher Jens Röhm observed and mapped three places for 14 days on behalf of the Cologne Art Advisory Board, including Barbarossaplatz:
“Barbarossaplatz, on the other hand, is a dense traffic junction at eight o'clock on a weekday, an incessant flow of cars, trains and people on their way to work. Nobody lingers, except for a brief moment in the queues in front of the counter in the bakeries: coffee to go! On Friday evening at Barbarossaplatz another lively urban whirring was observed, that of dressed-up young people who, for example, meet in the Cubana bar and have an after-work drink or start the long night of entertainment here. "
Barbarossaplatz, together with Zülpicher Platz and the immediately adjacent shops in Zülpicher Straße, Roonstraße and Neue Weyerstraße, is the local supply center for around 22,000 residents. In the retail and center concept Cologne 2010, the authors highlighted for this area: “Insufficient parking space, pedestrian frequencies are generated by the public transport nodes at Zülpicher Platz and Barbarossaplatz, good accessibility for cyclists via the rings and poor quality of stay due to the high traffic load on the main traffic axes. "
Current structures
Barbarossaplatz 2 skyscraper
In 1955/1956 the 12-storey high-rise (Barbarossaplatz 2) and a small 4-storey outbuilding (Barbarossaplatz 1a) were built for the Sparkasse according to plans by the architect Ernst Nolte . Right next to it was the 1-storey terminus at Cologne-Barbarossaplatz. This was replaced after 1986 by a 4-storey building with the same facade when the station went out of service, so that all three buildings today form a stylistically one unit.
Barbarossaplatz tram stop
The stop has four platforms: two on Barbarossaplatz and two on Neue Weyerstrasse. The platforms on Barbarossaplatz are barrier-free, the others are not.
Thousand Window Tower
The 48 meter high, 18-story skyscraper at Salierring 47–53, corner of Barbarossaplatz, was completed in 1972. There is a grocery retailer (2020) on the ground floor and offices on the floors above.
Arts and Culture
Sculptures
1) Paul Suter (* 1926) Attila 1976/77, gift from Eleonore and Michael Stoffel 1977, Cologne Barbarossaplatz / Neue-Weyerstraße
2) Fletcher C. Benton (* 1931), Steel-Watercolor-Triangle-Ring. Painted Steel 1993, Cologne Barbarossaplatz
"Cologne City Laboratory"
“Stadtlabor Köln” is a project for art in public spaces initiated and funded by the City of Cologne. The art project Schwarze Sonne Barbarossaplatz by Uschi Huber and Boris Sieverts was funded in 2017 and 2018 . The project ...
"[...] is not a tour to the shady side of the city, but circles around and leads right into a black hole that attracts and devours matter and energy."
"Via Barbarossaplatz"
The pilot film Über Barbarossaplatz , shot by Westdeutscher Rundfunk in Cologne in 2015 and broadcast in 2017 on ARD at 10:45 p.m., shows the psychotherapist Greta, who has her practice at Barbarossaplatz in Cologne, how she copes with her husband's suicide, privately and at the Work with their patients.
Cross beat
The band Querbeat released the song in 2017: Guten Morgen Barbarossaplatz .
Local public transport
At Barbarossaplatz, tram line 18 crosses with ring lines 12 and 15, and line 16, which comes from the Köln / Dom stop, swings onto the rings (see: Köln Stadtbahn, line network ). The stop for lines 12 and 15 is on the Ringen, and the stop for lines 16 and 18 is on Neue Weyerstraße. The stop on the rings has stepless access, the other stop does not.
The bus stop of line 978 of the Rhein-Erft-Verkehrsgesellschaft is also divided. While the bus stop towards the city is on Trierer Straße, the bus stop out of town is parallel to it on Luxemburger Straße. The bus goes to the stops: Köln Hbf. - Sülz - Efferen - Gleuel - Berrenrath.
History of the place
Layout of the square
The Aachen architects Karl Henrici and Josef Stübben won the first prize in an urban planning competition for the development of the inner fortification ring . In the following years it served as the basis for changing Cologne's Neustadt. Stübben was appointed Cologne city architect on June 15, 1881. The centerpiece was the layout of the Ringstrasse, the Cologne Rings .
“The endpoints of the individual ring road sections are mostly at the intersections with the former gate roads and were designed as plazas whose primary purpose was to harmoniously merge the various road widths. [...] Stubben's direct share in the execution of the new town he planned is limited to the design of the public spaces of the rings and the definition of the street layout in the terrain behind. The design and execution of the individual buildings was in the hands of the private owners, to whom the city sold the land in plots and at a good profit. "
Barbarossaplatz was adorned around 1900 by “a round water basin with a huge water fountain, which was bordered by a grassy area with flower beds and trees.” This formed the center island of the roundabout .
Redesign of the center island
Sometime before 1955, the fountain and the plants were removed, because at that time the tram on Barbarossaplatz no longer drove like the cars in the roundabout, but simply straight ahead: the center island had been concreted and tracks had been laid through it.
The Neue Weyerstrasse
The Neue Weyerstrasse was built together with the Severinsbrücke (opened in 1959) . Originally the street was only built to move the tram from the narrow Weyerstraße there, but it was later widened. Associated with this was the expansion of the traffic circle to the south-east to an oval, which increased the area of Barbarossaplatz. Since October 1969 the tram on Neue Weyerstraße has been changing from an above-ground to an underground route (see: Stadtbahn Köln, inner city tunnel ).
At Barbarossaplatz, the two lanes of Neue Weyerstraße are now three lanes apart: One lane goes to the north-western end of the square, where Weyerstraße coming from the north joins Neue Weyerstraße, and the other lane to the south-eastern end.
Former buildings
Terminal station Cologne-Barbarossaplatz
On January 8, 1898, the 32.45-kilometer, single-track narrow-gauge railway of the Vorgebirgsbahn from Bonn to Barbarossaplatz was officially opened, after only the line from Bonn to Brühl had previously been completed. The journey took over two hours, but over 10,000 people were transported every month. On June 17th of the same year an extension to the Heumarkt was completed, but only market trains (fourth class) for the farmers of the foothills used it. The route was traveled by a steam train . From 1934 the foothill railway electrified its routes.
On May 1, 1953, the opening of a new one-story station building of the Cologne Bonn Railways (from 1978 took over the Cologne Transport Company ), the Cologne Barbarossaplatz station. The building contained a counter and reception hall and was in operation until November 8, 1986. Three tracks ended there, a fourth track passed on the right. This still exists today (line 18 of the Cologne tram ), while the other three tracks have been removed and replaced by an office building.
Bastion VII of the New Prussian fortifications
From the urban side, the following streets led to the bastion in front of the city wall in 1881: Friedrichstrasse, Weyerstrasse and the wall roads Mauritiuswall and Pantaleonswall directly on the city wall. Today this intersection is about 100 meters northeast of Barbarossaplatz. The bastion and the city wall were together about 140 meters deep.
At this point in the ramparts there was a passage for pedestrians and vehicles, which was protected by Bastion VIII directly next to it. It enabled access to Zülpicher Landstrasse, today's Luxemburger Strasse .
In 1881 the city of Cologne bought the medieval city wall, which had become militarily useless, and most of the Prussian bastions in front of the Prussian state, and began demolishing it that same year. As a result, the prohibition of civil development associated with the Reichsrayon Law at a distance of 1,300 meters in front of the fortress wall was eliminated and the new urban area could be built on.
History of local public transport
Horse tram lines
The horse-drawn tram lines - horse-drawn wagons that drove on rails - began with the connection of Cologne suburbs with the city of Cologne. In 1880 there were two inner-city horse-drawn tram companies in Cologne, which were merged in 1882 to form the Société Anonyme de Tramways de Cologne . This company operated, among other things, the line (from 1882): City limits - Zülpicher Straße - Neues Weyertor - Blaubach. "Zülpicher Straße" means today's Luxemburger Straße and the "Neue Weyertor" could be a stop near the New Prussian fortifications that had been demolished a few years earlier, so that the southern access route to Barbarossaplatz is not via Trierer Straße, as it is today, but via Luxemburger Strasse took place. As early as 1868 there was a terminus at Haus Töller , in Weyerstrasse, for a carriage-operated route from Erp (25 km southwest of Cologne), via Lechenich and Hürth , to the terminus Weyertor, and back.
"Rundbahn" and "Marktbahn"
The inner-city railways were electrified from 1901. Two electric trains ran on Barbarossaplatz: The "Rundbahn", from February 17, 1902 on the Barbarossaplatz route via Weyerstrasse, Bachstrasse, Malzmühle, Malzbüchel, Heumarkt, Neumarkt, Dom / Hbf., An den Dominikanern, Unter Sachsenhausen, Gereonstr, Christophstrasse , Kaiser-Wilhelm Ring, Hohenzollernring, Habsburgerring, Hohenstaufenring to Barbarossaplatz and the "Marktbahn", from June 22, 1902 on the South State Railway Station via Luxemburger Strasse, Weyerstrasse, Bachstrasse, Heumark, Alter Markt, Dom / Hbf, An den Dominikanern, Below Sachsenhausen, Gereonstrasse, Christophstrasse, Gladbacher Strasse, Subbelrather Strasse, Liebigstrasse to Schlachthof.
Former lines 20 and 21
Starting from the suburbs there was line 20 (to Neumarkt, from 1937 to 1958 and from June 10, 1967 to April 8, 1968) and line 21 (1932 - 1937, 1948–1964 and from October 11, 1968 to October 18, 1970). (see also: Stadtbahn Köln, former routes )
Web links
Coordinates: 50 ° 55 ′ 44.4 ″ N , 6 ° 56 ′ 31.6 ″ E
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kathrin Wildner and Jens Röhm: DREI PLÄTZE. An ethnographic inventory of places in Cologne , page 9, 2009. (PDF; 1 MB)
- ↑ Retail and center concept. In: stadt-koeln.de. 2010, pp. 264–269 , accessed on May 14, 2020 .
- ^ Barbarossaplatz 2, Cologne. In: EMPORIS. Retrieved May 7, 2020 .
- ^ WDR: Sparkasse. Retrieved May 7, 2020 .
- ↑ a b Martin Oehlen: illustrated book "Cologne after the war" - New views of Cologne after the Second World War. November 4, 2014, accessed on May 8, 2020 (Photo: Pedestrians and cyclists meet on Barbarossaplatz, public and private local transport in the middle of the square; Peter Fischer, 1955,).
- ↑ Barbarossaplatz high-rise. In: Emporis. Retrieved May 11, 2020 .
- ↑ stadtlabor-koeln.de: Schwarze Sonne Barbarossaplatz , 9 December 2017
- ↑ stadtlabor2018.com: Schwarze Sonne Barbarossaplatz , from September 25, 2018
- ↑ Julia Dettke: Interview with Joachim Król: Character is fate . In: FAZ.NET . March 28, 2017 ( faz.net [accessed May 11, 2020]).
- ^ Hiltrud Kier : The Cologne Neustadt. History and importance in art history . In: Critical Reports - Journal for Art and Cultural Studies . tape 2 , no. 5/6 , 1974, ISSN 2197-7410 , pp. 31-42 , doi : 10.11588 / kb . 1974.5 / 6.11226 .
- ↑ Peter Sprong: Fundstücke, 150 years of Kölner Bank eG, 1867 - 2017 . Greven Verlag Cologne, p. 47 .
- ↑ Wisoveg - Full steam through the circle - Part 11. Accessed on May 7, 2020 .
- ↑ 5000 KÖLN, station of the Cologne - Bonn - Railway, Barbarossaplatz No. 276252734 - oldthing: picture postcards North Rhine-Westphalia. Retrieved May 7, 2020 .
- ^ Picture book Cologne - the old KBE train station on Barbarassaplatz. (1960). June 4, 1960, Retrieved May 7, 2020 .
- ↑ Bernd von der Felsen: The Enceinte of the Cologne Fortress from 1815 - 1881 . In: Fortis Colonia eV (Ed.): Fortis - Das Magazin 2012 . 2012, p. 26 .
- ↑ Medieval fortress ring in connection with Prussian fortifications. In: Fortress City of Cologne. Retrieved May 7, 2020 .
- ^ Chronicle of the KVB. Dipl, Ing. Hermann Wenzel Senior Building Officer i. R., April 1952, accessed May 8, 2020 .
- ↑ Chronicle of the KVB - From the horse tram to the electric train. Triumphant advance of electricity in transport. Dipl, Ing. Hermann Wenzel Senior Building Officer i. R., April 1952, accessed May 8, 2020 .
- ↑ line 20. In: KoelnWiki. Retrieved May 9, 2020 .
- ↑ line 21 : In KoelnWiki. Retrieved May 9, 2020 .
- ↑ KVB route network map from 1952. Retrieved on May 15, 2020