Karl Henrici

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Karl Henrici (born May 12, 1842 in Harste , † November 10, 1927 in Aachen , full name: Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Henrici ) was a German architect , urban planner and university professor .

Live and act

After graduating from high school, Henrici studied architecture at the Technical University of Hanover from 1859 to 1864 , but initially did not obtain a degree. After completing his studies, he gained practical experience over the next few years working on the construction of the psychiatric clinic in Göttingen and in Conrad Wilhelm Hase's construction office . After a short study tour in 1870 after Rome Henrici took over the position of municipal architect in Harburg (Elbe) before October 1, 1875 as a lecturer in architecture with a focus on civic architecture, agricultural Baukunde, ornamentation , building history of the Middle Ages and freehand drawing to Technical University of Aachen changed. Here he was appointed full professor two years later and remained active at this university until his retirement in 1921. One of his most famous students in Aachen was the future cathedral builder Joseph Buchkremer .

Henrici has been concerned with the natural, romantic, picturesque beauties of old German cities and their significance for contemporary urban planning since the 1880s and during a period of upheaval in urban planning. Together with his Aachen colleague Franz Ewerbeck , he propagated the "picturesque" architecture and the broadening of the " brick architecture ". In doing so, he not only made use of the ideas of his former teacher Hase and his Hanoverian architecture school , but also the help of his colleague and friend Camillo Sitte , whose book Urban development based on its artistic principles was a great enrichment for Henrici's own ideas. So he came to a new holistic view of urban planning under artistic aspects in order to counter a purely traffic-technical, building-political and representative-oriented urban planning with a planning taking into account aesthetic qualities. In detail, his endeavors moved away from pure tenement houses , he preferred living areas and communal facilities with individual character and style and thus defended himself against the trend of pure urbanization in the age of increasing industrialization. With this in mind, Henrici produced urban planning designs for the cities of Brno , Dessau , Hanover , Knurów , Cologne (here mainly from 1880 onwards the major projects Rheinauhafen and Cologne Rings in collaboration with Josef Stübben ), Munich (implemented in 1898 and realized by Theodor Fischer ) , Trier and last but not least in the years 1917 to 1920 together with Gustav Schimpff and Carl Sieben in his hometown Aachen.

Henrici , who was appointed secret councilor in 1904, remained true to these principles as the executive architect and he reaped the benefits of building the town halls in Leer (East Friesland) and Neunkirchen as well as several residential buildings in Wiesbaden (including the renovation of Villa Beck ), Düsseldorf and Aachen and Great respect for the Landesbad in Aachen, which opened in 1912. In addition, since 1880 he was the secretary of the Aachen Architects and Engineers Association .

Honors

In 1902 the Technical University of Darmstadt awarded Karl Henrici an honorary doctorate . A few years later he received the fourth class Red Eagle and the silver medal of the Prussian Academy for Building and Transport.

When he retired in 1921, the Technical University of Aachen appointed him honorary professor and awarded him on April 24, 1922 by the Civil Engineering Department “because of his undying contributions to the enhancement of German urban development through word, writing and creation, especially through the introduction of artistic Principles in addition to full recognition of the technical and economic conditions in this border area between architecture and civil engineering “the honorary doctorate. In the same year he was also awarded an honorary doctorate from the Technical University of Munich .

When the Moltkviertel in Essen was laid out in 1908, a street was named after him. In 1929 a street in Aachen was posthumously renamed Henricistraße in memory of him.

plant

Fonts (selection)

  • The artistic tasks in town planning. Aachen 1891.
  • Individualism in urban planning. Aachen 1904.
  • Contributions to practical aesthetics in urban construction. A collection of lectures and essays. Munich, Callwey, undated (1904).
  • Camillo Sitte as the founder of a new direction in urban planning. Aachen undated
  • Treatises from the field of architecture. A collection of lectures and essays. Munich, Callwey, undated (1905).
  • About maintaining the homeland in rural and urban construction. Georg DW Callwey, Munich around 1920.

literature

  • Erich Kühn: Henrici, Karl Friedrich Wilhelm. In: Academy for spatial research and regional planning (ed.): Concise dictionary of spatial research and spatial planning. Hanover 1970, Sp. 1183-1186
  • Gerhard Curdes, Renate Oehmichen (ed.): Artistic urban development around the turn of the century. The contribution by Karl Henrici. Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne et al. 1981, ISBN 3-555-00453-0 .
  • Helmut Winter: On the change in the concept of beauty in modern urban planning. The Importance of Psychological Theories in Architectural Thinking. (= Reports on local, regional and state planning , no. 65.) Verlag der Fachvereine, Zurich 1988, ISBN 3-7281-1654-8 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Gerhard Curdes , Renate Oehmichen: Artistic urban development around the turn of the century. Aachen 1981.
personal data
SURNAME Henrici, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Henrici, Karl Friedrich Wilhelm (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect, urban planner and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH May 12, 1842
PLACE OF BIRTH Harste
DATE OF DEATH November 10, 1927
Place of death Aachen