Bardanjol

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Coordinates: 42 ° 4 ′ 42 ″  N , 19 ° 34 ′ 46 ″  E

Heights of the Great and Little Bardanjolt, 1914

As Bardanjol even Bardanjolt , ( Albanian  Bardhanjorët ; alternative French. Notation: Bardagnol ) is a saddle-shaped elevation ( Big and Small Bardanjol east) in a ridge of Shkodra in Albania referred to the scene of bloody battles during the First Balkan War was.

geography

Bardanjol between the river bed of the Kir behind Shkodra and the Vau Deja reservoir

Bardanjol is part of the range of hills between the Kir and Drin valleys on the edge of the coastal plain. On Albanian maps, the highest points are recorded as Maja e Lodërtunës ( 276  m above sea level ) and Maja e Bokës ( 260  m above sea level ). The Small Bardanjol rises west of it. With a maximum of 189  m above sea level. A. Height it is significantly lower.

The city of Shkodra is less than five kilometers to the west. At the western foot of the mountain is the place Bardhaj , which was also called Bardhanjorët on older maps . In the east, the Drin was dammed up to form the Vau Deja reservoir . To the north is the smaller reservoir Ujëmbledhës Shtodrit . The Maja e Bokës drops steeply towards the south. To the south of it rises the hill of Gajtan with a castle and a prehistoric cave , further to the south beyond a deeply cut valley of 540  m above sea level. A. high Mali i Sheldise .

The name Bardhanjorët , which includes the word white , is in contrast to the southern neighboring town Gur i Zi (Black Stone) , to which Gajtan belongs.

history

Just like Mount Tarabosh west of Shkodra, the elevation of Bardanjol was heavily fortified by Ottoman forces in the First Balkan War and was fiercely contested in early 1913 when Serbian and Montenegrin units attempted to take Shkodra. During the assault on the Bardanjol, the Serbs lost around 1,800 from February 7th to 9th, and the Montenegrins lost 3,000 of their original 9,000 soldiers from February 10th to 12th. The conquest of Bardanyol and the adjacent heights by Serbian and Montenegrin troops made it possible to bombard Shkodra with 8,500 shells, which also damaged St. Stephen's Cathedral in Shkodra . But it was only after Essad Pascha Toptani had forcibly obtained supreme command in Shkodra and surrendered in April that the city, besieged despite protests from the great powers , could be captured. The approximately 20,000 Ottoman defenders were forced to withdraw from the region.

In May 1913, Egon Erwin Kisch described his impressions during a visit to Shkodra. The officer and writer Karl August von Laffert made the mountain range the setting for his story The Shot on Bardanjol , published in 1934 .

For 1917 possessions of the Jesuit order on the Bardanjol are proven.

literature

  • Spiridon Gopčević : The Principality of Albania, its past, ethnographic conditions, political situation and prospects for the future; Hermann Paetel Verlag , Berlin , 1914 ( digitized version )
  • Egon Erwin Kisch: Bombardment and fire in the bazaar of Skutari, 1913, online at www.albanianhistory.net
  • Egon Erwin Kisch: Die Leichen von Bardanjol , in: My life for the newspaper 1906-1925, Journalist Texts I, Aufbau-Verlag 1983, pp. 134–53
  • Karl August von Laffert, The shot on the Bardanjol, an ore from Albania, 1934 at C. Fr. Fleischer

Web links

Commons : Bardanjol  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Official map 1: 50,000 of the military cartographic office of Albania, sheet K-34-64-C "Shkodra", 2nd edition, Tirana 1988
  2. ↑ File: Little Bardanjolt. (BildID 15532010) .jpg
  3. ^ Regno d'Albania . 1: 300,000. Istituto Gegrafico de Agostini, Novara 1939.
  4. ↑ a b Trashegimia kulturore dhe natyrore per zhvillimin e turizmit te qendrueshem ne Zadrime. Retrieved March 17, 2017 (Albanian).
  5. ^ ER Hooton: Prelude to the First World War: The Balkan Wars 1912-1913. 2017, accessed on March 14, 2017 .
  6. ^ Spiridon Gopčević: The Principality of Albania, p. 351
  7. ^ Egon Erwin Kisch: Bombardment and fire in the bazaar of Skadar. May 1913, Retrieved March 14, 2017 .
  8. ↑ Peter Bartl: Albania . Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg 1995, ISBN 3-7917-1451-1 , Kampf um Shkodra, p. 136 f .
  9. ↑ Engelbert Deusch: Das k. (U.) K. Cultural protectorate in the Albanian settlement area: in its cultural, political and economic environment, p. 510. 2009, accessed on March 14, 2017 .
  10. ↑ Egon Erwin Kisch, Harold B. Segel: Egon Erwin Kisch, the Raging Reporter: A Bio-anthology. Purdue University Press, 1997, accessed March 14, 2017 .