Baymirza Hayit

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Baymirza Hayit (Uzbek Boymirza Hayit ; born December 17, 1917 Jarqoʻrgʻon , Uzbekistan; † October 31, 2006 in Cologne ) was an Uzbek historian and oriental scholar . His specialties were the history of Turkestan and the wider Central Asia.

biography

Hayit was born in a village called Jarqoʻrgʻon in Namangan Province . With eight siblings, he grew up with his parents Rabiya Hayit and Mirza Mahmutmirzaoğlu.

Even as an adolescent he was interested in literature and the humanities. Despite the privations of the 1930s, he graduated from Tashkent University in 1939 . In the same year he was appointed lieutenant in the Red Army . Hayit left Namangan Province in December 1939 and was stationed in Poland as the commander of a tank unit. He fought for the Red Army in World War II until he was taken prisoner by Germany in 1941. He then fought as an officer within the Wehrmacht in the Turkestan legion . During this time he also met Mustafa Chokaew , who went down in history as a legendary rebel for an autonomous Turkestan.

After the war, Hayit settled in West Germany and enrolled at the University of Münster in 1947. He studied history, oriental studies and Islamic studies, devoted himself to the exploration of his homeland and received his doctorate in 1950 with his thesis “The national governments of Kokand and the Alasch Orda.” In the same year he also married a doctor from Cologne with whom he had two sons (Ertay and Mirza) and a daughter (Dilbar).

In the following years, Hayit published numerous articles and fifteen books in German, English and Turkish on the history of Turkmenistan (the now independent republics of Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and the Sinkiang province, which belongs to China).

His most important works include Turkestan in the XX. Century , Soviet Russian Orient Policy using the example of Turkestan , The economic problems of Turkestan , Turkestan between Russia and China and Basmatschi: National Struggle of Turkestan in the years 1917 to 1934 .

Hayit taught at various universities. He worked as an assistant at the University of London and had lectureships at Harvard University (Cambridge / Mass.), Hacettepe University Ankara, Istanbul University and Marmara University in Istanbul.

Hayit was a great advocate for the creation and independence of Central Asian states that were under Soviet or Chinese upper hand. His work was therefore scorned in the Soviet Union. They have also been the subject of controversy in today's Uzbekistan. In other parts of the world, however, his works were valued for their high political and historical importance. Hayit was one of the few historians who made the Turkestan area in its entirety a research topic. He was particularly well respected in the Turkish-speaking world. In 2004 he was awarded an honorary doctorate from the Istanbul Technical University for his life's work .

Baymirza Hayit died on October 31, 2006 at the age of 88 in Cologne.

bibliography

Books

  • The National Governments of Kokand and the Alash Orda. Dissertation, University of Münster, Munich, 1950.
  • Soviet Russian policy on the Orient using the example of Turkestan. Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne / Berlin 1962, DNB 451879988 .
  • Documents: Soviet Russia's Anti-Islam Policy in Turkestan. 2 volumes, Gerhard von Mende, Düsseldorf 1958.
  • Turkestan in the XX century. Leske, Darmstadt 1956.
  • Soviet Russian colonialism and imperialism in Turkestan as an example of the newer style of colonialism towards an Islamic people in Asia. Anthropological Publications, 1965, DNB 451879961 .
  • Turkestan Between Russia And China. Philo Press, Amsterdam 1971, ISBN 90-6022-347-0 .
  • Turkestan. In the heart of Euro-Asia . Studienverlag, 1980, ISBN 3-922145-50-7 .
  • Some thoughts on the problem of Turkestan . Institute of Turkestan Research, 1984, OCLC 49000973
  • Islam and Turkestan Under Russian Rule. Can Matbaa, Istanbul 1987, OCLC 18760122 .
  • Turkestan as a historical factor and a political idea. Festschrift for Baymirza Hayit on his 70th birthday, December 17, 1987. ISBN 3-89210-130-2 .
  • Basmatschi: National Struggle of Turkestan from 1917 to 1934. Dreisam, Cologne 1993, ISBN 3-89452-373-5 , ISBN 3-89607-080-0 .
  • Yeni Çag Türkistan tarihi kaynaklar. Turan Kültür Vakf, 2000, ISBN 975-7893-28-5 .
  • Reports and researches on Turkestan. Dreisam, Cologne 1997, ISBN 3-89607-475-X .

items

  • The Communist Party in Turkestan. In: Central Asian Review. London 1957.
  • Turkestan as an Example of Soviet Colonialism. In: Studies on the Soviet Union. 1961, pp. 78-95.
  • Soviet Russian Colonialism and Imperialism in Turkestan. Oosterhout. 1962.
  • Turkistanda Emir haqqinda yeni fikir carayanlari. In: Milli Turkistan. No. 126, 1969.
  • Islam and the anti-Islamic movement in the Soviet Union. In: Eastern Europe. Volume 22, Issue 2, 1972, pp. 114-118.
  • Turkistan: A case for national independence. In: Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs . Volume 1, 1979, pp. 38-50.
  • Western Turkestan: The Russian Dilemma. In: Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs . Volume 6, No. I, 1985, pp. 137-51.
  • Turkestan as a historical factor and a political idea. Studienverlag, Innsbruck 1988.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Taher Shirmohammadi: Uzbekistan: Turkestan Historian Hayit Remembered. Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty. (online) accessed August 24, 2011
  2. ↑ BAYMIRZA HAYIT. ( Memento of August 8, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) at: ozturkler.com
  3. ^ As a captain, see Joachim Hoffmann: Die Ostlegionen 1941–1943. 3. Edition. Freiburg 1986, ISBN 3-7930-0178-4 , p. 182.
  4. ^ Jacob M. Landau In: Pan-Turkism: From Irredentism to Cooperation. ISBN 1-85065-269-4 , p. 121.
  5. ↑ see below a. Will Myer: Islam and Colonialism: Western Perspectives on Soviet Asia. ISBN 0-7007-1765-X , p. 109.
  6. ↑ See also German Association for Political Science, Politische Vierteljahresschrift 1960, p. 465 as well as Swiss Society for Asian Studies, Asian Studies 1962, p. 80. In 1964 the incorrigible National Socialist Johann von Leers received a copy from him with the personal dedication "Prof. Dr. OA von Leers, in gratitude (signature) Cairo, 10/10/64 ". (OA Omar Amin was Leer's Cairo name)
  7. ↑ Uzbek Historian Dies In Germany. Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty (online) accessed 24 August 2011

notes

  1. ↑ This magazine was published by Veli Kajum , in Geneva 1942–1945 and then in Düsseldorf, where von Mende was now also based , from 1949 to 1975. Veli Kajum вели каюм is best known as a witness in the Nuremberg trial : Interrogation Records, Office of the US Chief of Counsel for the Prosecution of Axis Criminality 1945-1947 (OCCPAC), Roll 9: Kajum-Khan, Veli - Kaltenbrunner, Ernst. - According to the SS, Mende Kajums was the "most important (sic) patron": "The Reichsführer SS , SS-Hauptamt , Working Group D: Germanic Control Center, Berlin. Subject: 1st National Turkestan Congress Vienna, May 23, 1944," in National Archives , Washington DC, Microcopy T 175, Roll 162. To Kajum online, here as "Khajum"
personal data
SURNAME Hayit, Baymirza
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hayit, Boymirza
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Uzbek historian and oriental scholar
DATE OF BIRTH December 17, 1917
PLACE OF BIRTH Jarqoʻrgʻon , Uzbekistan
DATE OF DEATH October 31, 2006
Place of death Cologne , Germany