Gasoline poisoning

A gasoline poisoning can of due to the inclusion of the body motor gasoline produced. The main routes of exposure are the respiratory tract , skin and digestive tract . A distinction is made between acute and chronic poisoning.

Acute poisoning

Acute poisoning can occur through inhalation in industrial plants or when sucking in blocked gasoline lines. This leads to severe irritation in the mouth, stomach and intestines, as well as shortness of breath and cramps up to unconsciousness. In the case of oral ingestion, there is a risk of spontaneous vomiting and penetration of the vomit into the trachea. The minimum lethal dose observed in adults was 7.5 ml / kg body weight, and in small children an absolute amount of 10 ml petrol.

Chronic poisoning

Toxic aplastic anemia is characteristic of chronic poisoning , and mucosal bleeding also occurs. Hans Curschmann and Arthur Jores also named states of depression, tremors , polyneuritis and nephritis .

General consequences

The consequences of absorption include headache , dizziness, euphoria , followed by drunkenness, extreme excitement, tremor , cyanosis , cramps, deep anesthesia, lack of reflexes, and finally circulatory failure and fatal respiratory paralysis. Further complications are kidney, pancreas and liver damage.

therapy

In the case of acute poisoning, paraffin oil is used initially . In the case of a larger exposure, careful gastric lavage in the Trendelenburg position is possible , whereby care must be taken to ensure that the intubation is properly sealed . To prevent pneumonia from aspiration or excretion, antibiotics are used for shielding.

history

Gasoline poisoning was treated extensively as early as the early 20th century when there were numerous industrial poisoning cases. In 1901 Hans Dorendorf described two cases of workers in a rubber factory who were treated at the Berlin Charité . In 1926 Kulkow described mass poisoning in a factory and, in addition to general symptoms of poisoning, also mentioned cases with clearly pronounced neurosis in the form of hysterical attacks. By 1929 Rosenstein and Rawkin had observed and examined 55 patients. 44 documented cases were summarized by Peter Jost Knabenhans in 1941.

In acute poisoning, the therapy relies on the supply of fresh air, inhalation of oxygen, rinsing of the stomach and intestines, adsorbents , cardiac agents as well as intravenous table salt and glucose . In the case of chronic poisoning, blood transfusions and liver therapy were also used.

literature

• Keeser, Froboese, Turnau, Gross, Kuss, Ritter, Wilke: Toxicology and hygiene in motoring (exhaust gases and petrol). Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 1930.
• Else Petri: Pathological Anatomy and Histology of Poisonings. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 1930, p. 349ff.

Web links

• Entry on petrol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA (JavaScript required)

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b c} Hans Curschmann, Arthur Jores: Textbook of the special therapy for inner diseases. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 1947, p. 228.
2. ↑ Franz-Xaver Reichl: Pocket Atlas of Toxicology: Substances, Effects, Environment. Thieme, 2002, ISBN 3-13-108972-5 , p. 88.
3. ↑ ^{a b} Hans A. Kühn, Joachim Schirmeister: Internal medicine: A textbook for students and doctors. Springer, 1989, ISBN 3-540-19395-2 , p. 1320.
4. ↑ ^{a b} Jörg Rehn (Ed.): Accidental injuries in children: prophylaxis, diagnostics, therapy, rehabilitation. Springer, 1974, ISBN 3-540-06671-3 , p. 53.
5. ↑ Heinz Lüllmann, Klaus Mohr, Lutz Hein: Pharmacology and toxicology: Understanding the effects of drugs - using drugs in a targeted manner; a textbook for students of medicine, pharmacy and life sciences, a source of information for doctors, pharmacists and health policymakers. Thieme, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-13-368517-7 , p. 567.
6. ^ Hans Dorendorf: Gasoline poisoning as a commercial illness. In: Journal of Clinical Medicine. 43 (1901), p. 42ff.
7. ↑ AE Kulkow: Contributions to the clinic of industrial poisoning. In: Journal for the whole of neurology and psychiatry. December 1926, Volume 103, Issue 1, pp. 435-454.
8. ↑ LM Rosenstein, JG Rawkin: Psychopathology of commercial mass poisoning. In: Journal of Neurology. December 1929, Volume 122, Issue 1, pp. 1-22.
9. ↑ Peter Jost Knabenhans: About psychological symptoms in poisoning with modern commercial solvents. Orell Füssli, 1941.

This article is about a health issue. It is not used for self-diagnosis and does not replace a diagnosis by a doctor. Please note the information on health issues !