Mountain vetch

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mountain vetch
Mountain vetch (Coronilla coronata)

Mountain vetch ( Coronilla coronata )

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Fabales (Fabales)
Family : Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily : Butterflies (Faboideae)
Genre : Crown vetch ( Coronilla )
Type : Mountain vetch
Scientific name
Coronilla coronata
L.

The mountain vetch ( Coronilla coronata ) is a butterfly (Faboideae, Fabaceae) of the genus Coronilla . It blooms from May to July.

Shoot and leaves

Stem with leaf
Mountain vetch ( Coronilla coronata )

It is a perennial herbaceous plant with very strong, branched, mostly multi-headed "earth stick" and completely bare, bluish frosted air sprouts. The stem is usually 30 to 50 cm high, strong, round stem, upright or short ascending, not or little branched and with 7 to 10 internodes.

The leaves are more or less 5 to 7 cm long and unpinnate. An apparent paired feathering can result from the ascending of one of the leaflets of the top pair. The leaflets are in 3 to 6 pairs, are 1.5 to 2.5 cm long and about 0.6 cm wide, obovate to inverted heart-shaped or broadly elliptical, mostly truncated or slightly edged and briefly pointed, with indistinct lateral nerves and slightly cartilaginous thickened margin and bluish-green color underneath.

The stipules are small, fused together, opposite to the leaves and, with the exception of the lowest, usually falling off prematurely.

Flowers, fruits, seeds

The flowers are about 1 cm long and sit on thin stalks about half as long in 12 to 20-flowered umbels without bracts and bracts. The top ones are apparently terminal. The calyx is broadly bell-shaped, about 3 mm long, whitish, with short teeth separated by wide bays, the upper teeth of which are connected to a bidentate upper lip. The petals are bright yellow and turn orange to greenish when dry. They smell tart and have no or hardly any protruding nails. The flag plate is obovate, the wings are rounded. The boat is strongly curved and beaked.

The flowers have a typical so-called "noodle pump device": When the wings that serve as the approach point are pressed down, they press the side of the boat, which presses the pollen from its tip.

The legumes are pendulous, more or less straight, 2 to 2.5 cm long, with 2 to 4 smooth limbs about 3 mm wide in the middle. These are truncated rhombic in cross-section and have a long stylus remnant. They are probably spread by the wind.

The seeds are rolled, slightly flattened and yellow to brown in color.

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 10, 12 or 24.

Distribution and location requirements

Coronilla coronata (herbarium evidence)

The mountain crown vetch grows on sunny limestone slopes, on steep rough meadows, in forest fringes and dry oak and pine forests of the low mountain ranges and the Eastern Alps. It thrives on warm, dry to moderately dry, alkaline, calcareous, stony or pure loam and clay soils. In Central Europe it often occurs together with the broad-leaved laser herb ( Laserpitium latifolium ) in societies of the Geranion sanguinei association, but also the Erico-Pinion association and the Quercetalia pubescentis order

Coronilla coronata is a Central and Southeastern European plant. The distribution area is disjoint: Burgundy, Jura, low mountain ranges between Moselle and Saale, Alps, Northern Carpathians, mountains in the Balkans and Hungary, northern Black Sea coast from the Crimea to the Caucasus, Southeast Anatolia.

In Germany it is very scattered and rarely found in the middle of the area and especially on the Swabian Alb. It occurs rarely in north-western Bavaria and in the Danube region.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 605.

Web links

Commons : Berg-Kronwicke  - album with pictures, videos and audio files