Mount of Temptation (West Bank)
| Mount of Temptation | ||
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 The Jabal al-Quruntul |
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| height | 350 m | |
| location | Jericho , State of Palestine | |
| Coordinates | 31 ° 52 '26 " N , 35 ° 25' 53" E | |
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| Development | Jericho cable car | |
The Mount of Temptation ( Arabic جبل الأربعين, DMG Ǧabal al-arbaʿīn orجبل القرنطل / Ǧabal al-Qurunṭul , English Mount of Temptation or Mount Quarantania , Greek Σαραντάριο Όρος Sarantário Óros , the latter like al-arbaʿīn after the number forty ) is a mountain a few kilometers outside the city of Jericho in the West Bank .
Surname
According to Christian tradition, Jesus of Nazareth is said to have withstood the temptations of the devil in this place while he fasted there for 40 days ( Mt 4,1-4 EU ). The Greek Orthodox monastery Qarantal (Deir al-Quruntul) is located on its slope , and the Jericho cable car leads up there .
The Ain Duk spring is located on the northern slope of the mountain . There are numerous caves on the mountain that have been archaeologically examined.
history
Hasmonean Period: Fortress Doc
On the top are the remains of the Seleucid fortress Dok or Dagon. According to the Jewish historian Flavius Josephus and the 1st Book of the Maccabees ( 1 Makk 16.11–24 EU ), around 134 BC The ethnarch of Judea , Simon , his mother and his two sons murdered by his son-in-law Ptolemy. Simon was one of the leaders of the Maccabees uprising and the founder of the Hasmonean dynasty .
Byzantine era
Around 340 AD, Chariton the Confessor , founder of the first monastery in the Judah desert , left it due to overcrowding and founded a chapel in Duka on the top of the mountain as well as another in a cave further down on the eastern slope in the Jesus is said to have stayed. According to Christian tradition, the place with the Mount of Temptation was identified on the Jesus for 40 days fasting and have the Devil in vain tried to have been ( Mt 4.1 to 4 EU ), the mountain which is why the name "Qarantal" (Berg who carries forty days). Chariton later left the monastery for Suka near Bethlehem, and was succeeded by the monk Elpidius.
Crusader time
Duka and the caves around it were inhabited until the 8th century, before they were abandoned and only repopulated during the Crusader period.
19. – 21. century
With the Muslim reconquest of the region, the monastery began to decline in importance until it was completely abandoned again. In 1874 the Greek Orthodox Church bought the site and established the Sarandarion Monastery here in 1897. From this monastery a narrow path climbs up to the old Hasmonean castle Dok and the summit chapel of St. Chariton.
In 1948, during the Israeli War of Independence , Arab refugees temporarily took control of the monastery and forced the monks to leave it. The documentary "The Mountain of Temptation" from the ZDF series Terra X from 2011 reported on the last monk, Father Gerasimus, who lived and supervised this monastery for about 30 years.
archeology
During excavations in caves near the monastery in 1986 and 1993, numerous archaeological remains from the Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age were found, as well as papyri from the time of the Second Temple and the Bar Kochba uprising . However, the stratigraphy is disturbed by interventions from the Middle Ages and modern times. A Greek newspaper from 1948 and weapons that had been used by the Jordanian army in the Six Day War were also found.
Web links
- The Mount of Temptation from Jericho , Documentation Germany 2011, arte .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Video: The Mount of Temptation in depth - Franciscan Foundation for the Holy Land. Accessed April 24, 2017 .
- ^ Johann Nepomuk Sepp : Jerusalem and the Holy Land . 2nd Edition. Manz, Regensburg 1876, p. 606 ( limited preview in Google Book Search [accessed April 27, 2014]).
- ↑ Flavius Josephus : Jewish War ( DjVu ) on Wikisource . Translated by Philipp Kohout. Quirin Haslingers Verlag, Linz 1901, p. 23
- ↑ Doris Lambers-Petry: Simon, the Maccabees. In: Michaela Bauks, Klaus Koenen, Stefan Alkier (Eds.): The Scientific Biblical Lexicon on the Internet (WiBiLex), Stuttgart 2006 ff.
- ↑ a b The Mount of Temptation from Jericho on YouTube , 43 min; Retrieved April 30, 2014.