Windeck Castle (Bühl)
| Windeck Castle | ||
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 Windeck Castle near Bühl |
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| Alternative name (s): | Alt-Windeck Castle | |
| Creation time : | around 1200 | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, spur location | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Standing position : | Allodial Lords | |
| Place: | Bühl- Kapelwindeck | |
| Geographical location | 48 ° 40 '20.1 " N , 8 ° 9' 28.4" E | |
| Height: | 378 m above sea level NHN | |
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The Windeck Castle , also Burg Alt-Windeck called, is the ruin of a Black Forest Spur castle on a 378 meter high mountain ridge in the Bühler district Kappelwindeck, district of Rastatt in Baden-Wuerttemberg .
history
The castle complex was built around 1200 by the Lords of Windeck. The family, probably of Franconian origin, residing in the Ortenau family had rich allodial possessions and numerous fiefs from different lords, such as the empire, the bishopric of Strasbourg , the counts of Eberstein and the bailiwick of the Schwarzach monastery as an after fief of the burgraves of Nuremberg . In 1212, a certain Melchior von Windeck was the first to appear in the light of history, and in 1248 the Lords of Windeck were mentioned in a document from the Schwarzach monastery as Ministeriale of the Bishop of Strasbourg, but the castle was not mentioned until 1335. It was granted early on through the division of inheritance a Ganerbeburg .
At the beginning of the 13th century, a branch of the family built Neu-Windeck Castle within sight of Alt-Windeck near Lauf . In the course of the 13th and 14th centuries, the Windecker lords had several conflicts with neighboring landlords, for example with the city of Strasbourg and in the so-called Schlegler Wars with the Counts of Württemberg in association with the Martinsvögeln . The castle was besieged , but never taken and so remained largely undamaged. But at the end of the 14th century it was struck by a devastating fire. Stables and residential buildings burned out, and the valuable archive, the basis of numerous legal claims, was also destroyed. Reinhard von Windeck had the destroyed buildings rebuilt. After the marriage of the last Alt-Windeckerin Anna, Burkhard von Windeck's only child, the castle came to the family of her husband in 1466, the knight Berthold IV. Von Neu-Windeck. His descendants used the facility until the 16th century, but since 1561 it has served as a quarry for other Bühler buildings, such as the Kappelwindecker church. Their owners therefore moved to the more modern castle courtyard (now a hotel) in Bühl.
The last heir, Jakob von Windeck, was swept away by an insidious disease in Venice in 1592 on the return journey from his Junker voyage , which had taken him through France, Spain and Italy to Palestine. The fiefdom reverted to the empire, and the remaining allodies went in equal parts to the two sisters: Alt-Windeck to Ursula and Neu-Windeck to Elisabeth.
description
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Of the complex, which can be visited during the day in good weather, only the two keep , remains of buildings and parts of the curtain wall are preserved today.
The castle probably consisted of a lower and an upper castle, which each have their own keep and a Palas possessed.
The smaller, northwestern, 24 meter high keep with a floor plan of around 8.5 by 8.5 meters served to protect the castle gate and guarded the valley side. Today only the outer walls remain of him. The southeastern, 27.6 meter high keep rises on a base area of about 9.6 by 9.8 meters and can be climbed as a lookout tower . Its lower floor probably served as a dungeon or storage room. In an emergency, its thick walls were also a place of refuge for the castle residents. Today a staircase with a total of 135 steps leads to the viewing platform , from which there is a good view of Bühl and the Rhine plain . The first and second floors of the palace building to the north were probably representative rooms, such as the knight's hall .
On the west wall of the southeastern keep is a relief of soldiers and a plaque commemorating those who died in the First World War .
Today the hotel and restaurant "Burg Windeck" and the Vesperstube "Pferdestall" are operated at the foot of the castle ruins.
literature
- Ernst Batzer, Alfons Städele (ed.): Castles and palaces around Bühl . Bühl / Baden undated
- Ulrich Coenen: The architecture of the northern Ortenau. Monuments in Bühl, Bühlertal, Ottersweier, Lichtenau, Rheinmünster and Sinzheim . Karlsruhe 1993.
- Suso Gartner: The Windeckers and their castles . 2nd Edition. Buhl 1998.
- Suso Gartner, Stefan Uhl: Contributions to the history of the Windecker and their castles. The legacy of Wolf von Windeck - On the building history of Alt- and Neuwindeck . Bühl 2008.
- Karl-Bernhard Knappe: The Alt-Windeck Castle . In: Hugo Schneider (Ed.): Castles and palaces in central Baden . Series of publications: Die Ortenau: Journal of the Historical Association for Central Baden , Volume 64. Publishing house of the Historical Association for Central Baden, Offenburg 1984, ISSN 0342-1503 , pp. 150–160.
- Josef Harbrecht (Ed.): Alt-Windeck, The story of the Windecker and their castle . Special print from “Bühler Blauer Hefte” Vol. 5,6,7, Bühl / Baden 1960.
- Adolf Welte: The castles Alt- & Neu-Windeck . Bonndorf 1894.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bergfried Alt-Windeck (2) on burginfo.de
- ↑ according to another source 8.85 by 8.4 meters
- ↑ Bergfried Alt-Windeck (1) on burginfo.de
- ↑ according to another source 10.05 by 9.7 meters