Bergheide (Finsterwalde)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Excerpt from the table sheet 2543 - Kl. Leipisch - from 1934. The place Bergheide (Sorb. Gora).

Bergheide (renamed in 1937, previously Gohra , Gora in Lower Sorbian ) was a village in the former Finsterwalde district , located southeast of Finsterwalde and north of Lauchhammer . The village was located on a wooded plateau and was at an altitude of up to 166 m above sea level. NN the highest place in the Altkreis Finsterwalde. The neighboring communities were Sallgast in the east , Lichterfeld in the north , Sorno in the west and Kostebrau and Lauchhammer in the south .

The districts of Bergheide were Kleine Mühle, Haide-Mühle, Gohraer Pechhütte (5 inhabitants, 1820), Lichterfelder Pechhütte (16 inhabitants, 1820), Gohra forester's house.

In the Bergheide area, flint quarrying around ten thousand years ago in the form of pits up to three meters deep was proven.

Gohra was first mentioned in July 1487 in a deed of mortgage from Dobrilugk monastery . Up to January 1870 Gohra was parish in the parish of Massen, after that in the parish of Sallgast. In 1891 Gohra received its own branch church building . The church was a simple, rectangular yellow brick building with a square west tower and a five-sided apse in the east. In the south there was a sacristy. Inside, both the three-sided built-in galleries and the simple pulpit altar were soberly painted. Two bells crowned the tower, the larger of which was melted down for the war in 1917. What was special about the Gohra church was that the house remained in the ownership of the municipality even during the GDR era. It was not until 1954 that the church was transferred to the Sallgast parish. In 1985 the last service took place in the church, in 1987 the house was demolished. Most of the inventory of the church has been lost. The last bell is in the church in Münchhausen today and calls to worship there.

In 1937 the place was renamed "Bergheide" in the course of the National Socialist Germanization of Sorbian place names . Unlike in most Lusatian towns, it never got its original name back.

At the end of the 1980s, Bergheide finally had to give way to the advancing opencast mine Klettwitz-Nord , part of the relocation took place in 1964. In 1987/88, the main town was finally completely excavated. The last 170 of the former 478 villagers were mainly relocated to Finsterwalde and Lauchhammer. On January 1, 1988, the demarcation of the devastated place was incorporated into the urban area of ​​Finsterwalde.

Population development 1820 to 1985:

date population date population date population date population
1820 90 1852 228 1854 192 1868 200
December 01, 1871 300 December 01, 1875 351 December 01, 1890 498 12/02/1895 593
December 01, 1900 837 December 01, 1905 964 December 01, 1910 1102 06/16/1925 977
06/16/1933 888 05/17/1939 887 October 29, 1946 968 08/31/1950 953
December 31, 1964 662 01/01/1971 588 December 31, 1981 475 December 31, 1985 290

Former Bergheide citizens have been commemorating the devastated Bergheide with a memorial stone near the Sallgaster Church since the 1990s .

The resulting Bergheider Lake at the level of the former location (2004)

The Lausitzer und Mitteldeutsche Bergbau-Verwaltungsgesellschaft (LMBV) began to flood the remaining hole in the former Klettwitz-Nord opencast mine in 2001 . The flooding of the remaining hole, now known as Bergheider See , was ended in May 2014.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Official Journal of the government in Frankfurt (Oder) . Piece 46, 1937, p. 241 .
  2. ↑ List of the abandoned places in the Lausitz coal area
  3. ↑ Meßtischblatt 4448: Kl. Leipisch, 1938. Reichsamt für Landesaufnahme, accessed on September 16, 2017 .
  4. ^ A b Johann Daniel Friedrich Rumpf: Complete topographical dictionary of the Prussian state . tape 1 , 1820, p. 395 ( google.de ).
  5. ^ Johann Daniel Friedrich Rumpf: Complete topographical dictionary of the Prussian state . tape 2 , 1820, p. 173 ( google.de ).
  6. ↑ K.-P. Wechler, G. Wetzel: A site with Stone Age mining on moraine flint from Bergheide, Kr. Finsterwalde . In: Publications of the Museum for Pre- and Early History Potsdam . tape 21 , 1987, pp. 7-30 .
  7. ↑ ND: Sensational find * from the Vistula Ice Age . In: New Germany . Edition of April 30, 1983, p. 11 .
  8. ^ Official journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt a. O. Piece 14. Official Gazette of the Government, April 6, 1870, p. 95 ( google.de [accessed on September 17, 2017]).
  9. ↑ Archive of Disappeared Places / Archiw zgubjonych jsow
  10. ↑ Lausitzer Rundschau: Bergheide church as the only one in the GDR in the hands of the state. lr-online.de, accessed on November 20, 2016 .
  11. ^ Wolfgang Bauer: 450 years of Gohra / 50 years of Bergheide . In: Sallgaster Schriften, issue 8 . 1st edition. Sallgast 2017, p. 92 .
  12. ↑ a b State Office for Data Processing and Statistics State of Brandenburg Historical municipality directory of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.4 District Elbe-Elster ( statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de PDF).
  13. ↑ Directory of the rural communities in the Luckau district . In: Luckauer Kreisblatt . No. 77 , July 5, 1900.
  14. ↑ District council announcements . In: Luckauer Kreisblatt . No. 141 , November 29, 1906.
  15. ↑ Eduard Messow: Topographical-Statistical Handbook of the Prussian State: or alphabetical list of all cities, towns, villages, manors, farms, mills, or other inhabited facilities, factories and properties which have their own name, with the exact description of the latter .. . Baensch, 1854 S. 243 ( google.de [accessed on March 11, 2018]).
  16. ↑ H. Rudolph: Most complete geographic-topographical-statistical local lexicon of Germany as well as the non-German countries under Austrian and Prussian domination: containing all cities, towns, parishes, parishes and other villages, localities and farmers, parishes, castles , Manors, farms, hamlets, ironworks, mills, farms, strange ruins, jugs, layers, wastelands, etc. s. w. ; for judicial, administrative, police, postal, railway and Militair authorities, libraries, schools, and for clergy, teachers, naturalists, merchants, manufacturers, freight forwarders, agents, Inns, travelers, etc . Voigt, 1868, p. 1316 ( google.de [accessed on March 11, 2018]).
  17. ^ Güthlein: Topographical overview of the Appellate Court Department Frankfurt a / O: Compiled by Güthlein . Gustav Harnecker & Company, 1856, p. 85 ( google.de [accessed on March 11, 2018]).
  18. ^ Gustav Neumann: The German Empire in geographical, statistical and topographical relation . Müller, 1874, p. 108 ( google.de [accessed on March 11, 2018]).
  19. ↑ Flooding level Brandenburg Lusatia - LMBV. lmbv.de, accessed on November 20, 2016 .

See also

literature

  • Documentation of relocations due to mining , archive of lost places, Forst / Horno, 2010
  • Lost homeland, mining and its effects on churches and parishes in Upper and Lower Lusatia , publisher Evangelische Kirchengemeinde Horno, 2007, ISBN 3-935826-88-5

Web links

Coordinates: 51 ° 34 ′ 40 ″  N , 13 ° 47 ′ 56 ″  E