Bertil Ohlin

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Bertil Ohlin

Bertil Gotthard Ohlin ( pronunciation : [ ˌbæʁːtil ʊˈliːn ], born April 23, 1899 in Klippan ; † August 3, 1979 in Vålådalen , Åre municipality ) was a Swedish economist and politician of the Liberal People's Party and, together with James Edward Meade , is the holder of the Alfred Nobel Memorial Prize for Economics in 1977 .

Career

After Ohlin received his BA at Lund University in 1917 and his MSc. at the Stockholm College of Commerce , he went to the United States, where he earned an MA from Harvard University in 1923 . When he returned to Sweden, he received his doctorate from Stockholm University in 1924 . In 1925 he received a professorship at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark. In 1929 he entered into a debate with the Cambridge economist John Maynard Keynes and contradicted his theses about the consequences of the far-reaching reparations that had been imposed on Germany after the First World War . Keynes had predicted war on the reparations burdens, while Ohlin believed Germany could cope with the reparations.

Science and politics

Interregional and international trade , 1933

Ohlin was a student of Gustav Cassel at the Stockholm School of Commerce and refined Eli Heckscher's ideas , which are important as the Heckscher-Ohlin theorem for explaining trade . For his work Ohlin was founded in 1977 along with James Meade of the Prize in Economic Bank of Sweden in memory of Alfred Nobel awarded.

In addition to his academic career, Ohlin was one of Sweden's most important politicians for several decades. For various newspapers he wrote articles on political and socio-economic problems and, as a young professor in Stockholm, was a well-known participant in the public discussion of democratic, progressive and anti-Nazi issues. In 1934 he became chairman of Sweden's liberal youth organization and was also a member of the Reichstag. In his book Fri eller dirigerad ekonomi? ( Free or controlled economy? ), A classic of Swedish economic theory, in 1936 he advocated social liberalism with active policies against economic crises, a social market economy and modern social insurance.

From 1944 to 1945 he held the office of Minister of Commerce in the government of Per Albin Hanssons . From 1944 to 1967 he was chairman of the liberal party, the largest opposition party, and thus a long-time opponent of Prime Minister Tage Erlander . In 1971 Ohlin was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences .

Bertil Ohlin is the father of the politician Anne Wibble .

Fonts

literature

  • Ronald Findlay: Bertil Ohlin. A centennial celebration (1899-1999) , MIT Press, Cambridge / Mass. 2002.
  • Howard R. Vane: Bertil G. Ohlin, James E. Meade and Robert A. Mundell , Elgar, Cheltenham 2010.

Web links

Commons : Bertil Ohlin  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Ohlin, Bertil
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ohlin, Bertil Gotthard (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swedish economist and politician (Liberal People's Party), member of the Riksdag
DATE OF BIRTH April 23, 1899
PLACE OF BIRTH Klippan
DATE OF DEATH 3rd August 1979
Place of death Vålådalen