Bertolonis Ragwurz
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Bertolonis Ragwurz ( Ophrys bertolonii ) |
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The Bertoloni Ragwurz ( Ophrys bertolonii ) is a plant of the genus Ragwurzen ( Ophrys ) in the family of the Orchid Family (Orchidaceae). A synonym is Ophrys romolinii Soca .
description
Bertolonis Ragwurz grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 10 to 35 centimeters. There are usually two, rarely three, almost spherical bulbs per specimen as persistence organs.
The inflorescence contains two to eight flowers . The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and threefold. The upright sepals appear mostly pink. The rather narrow, finely haired petals can be pink to red in color, their tips are usually bent forward. The black-purple lip usually appears undivided, but can rarely be faintly three-lobed. The side parts are bent down, which makes the short-haired lip appear very narrow, even if it is as long as it is wide. A hump cannot be seen, but a small yellow upright appendage can be seen in front. The shield-shaped mark is found in the lower half of the lip and appears bright blue. The staminodial points are missing.
The flowering period extends from March to June.
Distribution and location
The distribution area extends over the Apennine and Balkan peninsula to Montenegro and includes Sicily. Specimens are also said to have been found in the south of France , but this information has not yet been confirmed.
Bertolonis Ragwurz can be found on grasslands , garrigues , in light forests and bushes with fresh to dry, alkaline soils . In the mountains, Bertolonis Ragwurz grows up to altitudes of 1200 or 1500 meters.
Customization features
The flowers of the Bertolonis Ragwurz attract potential pollinators, such as the mortar bee, with the imitated appearance and the pheromones of ready-to-mate females. This shows that the Ragwurz species is highly specialized in relation to pollinators. The species Megachile parietina and Megachile pyrenaica are named as pollinators .
Systematics
For intersections with the Great Spider Orchid ( Ophrys sphegodes ) are very stable Bastard clans emerged. These usually grow in large populations in the central and western Mediterranean area . Partly their distribution area is not in that of the Bertolonis Ragwurz. They are called Ophrys × flavicans Vis by R. Govaerts (WCSP) . = Ophrys bertolonii × Ophrys sphegodes combined.
Other authors distinguish several subspecies here:
- Balearic Ragwort ( Ophrys bertolonii subsp. Balearica (P.Delforge) L.Sáez & Rosselló ): It is found in the Balearic Islands at altitudes between 0 and 500 meters above sea level. Megachile sicula is given as pollinator .
- Insubric ragwort ( Ophrys bertolonii subsp. Benacensis (Reisigl) P. Delforge ): It occurs on the southern edge of the Alps from Friuli to Piedmont and in the northern Apennines at sea levels of 50 to 850 meters. Megachile parietina is given as the pollinator .
- Bertolonis Ragwurz ( Ophrys bertolonii subsp. Bertolonii ): It occurs in Sicily, on the Apennine and Balkan Peninsula at sea levels between 10 and 1500 meters. Megachile parietina and Megachile pyrenaica are given as pollinators .
- Bertolonii-like Ragwort ( Ophrys bertolonii subsp. Bertoloniiformis (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) H.Sund. ): It occurs in southern Italy at altitudes between 2 and 760 meters. Megachile benoisti is named as the pollinator .
- Catalan Ragwort ( Ophrys bertolonii subsp. Catalaunica (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Soca ): It occurs in northeastern Spain and southwestern France at sea levels between 0 and 1200 meters.
- Drome ragwort ( Ophrys bertolonii subsp. Drumana (P.Delforge) Kreutz ): It occurs in southeastern France at altitudes between 250 and 1100 meters above sea level. Megachile albonotata is given as pollinator .
- Broad-lipped ragwort ( Ophrys bertolonii subsp. Explanata (Lojac.) Soca ): It occurs in Sicily and Basilicata at altitudes between 10 and 900 meters above sea level. Megachile sicula is named as pollinator .
- Dalmatian Orchid ( Ophrys bertolonii subsp. Flavicans (Vis) K.Richt.. ): It occurs between 0 and 100 meters above sea level on the Dalmatian coast. Megachile manicata is named as a pollinator .
literature
- Karl-Peter Buttler : Orchids, the wild species and subspecies of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. Mosaik Verlag 1986, ISBN 3-5700-4403-3
Web links
- Ophrys bertolonii inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.2. Posted by: H. Rankou, 2011. Retrieved December 9, 2013.
- Data sheet with photos at Flora Italiana .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Ophrys bertolonii. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 12, 2020.
- ↑ a b data sheet from Flora Vascular .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Helmut Baumann , Siegfried Künkele and Richard Lorenz: Orchids of Europe with adjacent areas . Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 2006, pages 144-146.