Rush edge

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Rush edge
Rush edge (Cladium mariscus)

Rush edge ( Cladium mariscus )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sourgrass family (Cyperaceae)
Genre : Cutting ( cladium )
Type : Rush edge
Scientific name
Cladium mariscus
( L. ) Pohl

The rush blade ( Cladium mariscus ), also called rush blade , Schneidried , Schneidebinse or cutting edge , is a species of the genus Cutting ( Cladium ) within the family of the sour grass family (Cyperaceae). This marsh plant was previously used to cover roofs and its very sharp, rigid, edged leaves can cause injuries if touched.

description

illustration
Sharply toothed, thick leaves
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Vegetative characteristics

The rush edge grows as an evergreen perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 0.8 to 2 meters. It forms large, dense stands with long foothills , mostly at the edges of the water . The thick, somewhat triangular stem is leafed to the inflorescence. The leaves are 0.7 to 1.5 centimeters wide and have very sharp teeth on the edge.

Generative characteristics

The inconspicuous individual flowers are in a terminal, up to 70 centimeter long, head-shaped spiral , which also forms several lateral spirals. Each flower has three stigmas .

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36 or approx. 60.

ecology

The rush edge is a cryptophyte and a hydrophyte .

Occurrence

Rush edge ( Cladium mariscus )
Roof of a Gotland courtyard covered with Schneidried

The range of Cladium mariscus includes the temperate zones of Eurasia, North Africa, America and the area from Australia to the islands of the southwestern Pacific. In many other countries it is a neophyte. In Central Europe the rush edge is absent in larger areas or it is very rare, it occurs only sporadically there, but then mostly in smaller stands, for example on Lake Constance and in the Alpine foothills . The rush cutting edge, which is sensitive to nitrogen salts, is declining in almost all of its Central European locations. This is largely due to the development of the lakeshore for bathing and camping sites. Climatic changes were also discussed as the cause of the decline, since the rush cutting edge, as found in seeds from the Neolithic Age , was more widespread in Central Europe than it is today.

The rush edge thrives best on a warm, at least temporarily flooded, base-rich, often muddy and mostly calcareous, even calcareous soil . It only thrives in climatically favorable areas on the bank of standing water behind the reed belt, as well as in ditches or in flat and meadow moors. It is a type of character of the cladietum from the association Phragmition.

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The rush edge occurs in Germany mostly on the edges of waters; such very humid places are often flooded seasonally, or can dry out temporarily. Mostly it concerns relatively small standing water such as lakes, ponds, ponds or ditches. It is also found in fallow bogs. In Germany, their stocks have been threatened for decades. a. by lowering the water table and cultivating bogs. In many German federal states it is therefore on the red list of vascular plants in 1996 . It is relatively rare in all parts of Germany.

There are some larger stocks on the island of Gotland in Schneidriedsümpfen (Agmyr). This "grass", in Swedish "Ag", was used to cover the roofs of houses and sheep shelters.

Systematics

One can distinguish the following subspecies:

  • Cladium mariscus subsp. californicum (S.Watson) Govaerts : It occurs from the southwest and south-central United States to the Mexican states of Sonora and Coahuila.
  • Cladium mariscus subsp. intermedium Kük. : It occurs in Australia and New Caledonia .
  • Cladium mariscus subsp. jamaicense (Crantz) Kük. : It occurs in tropical and subtropical America and is also a neophyte in numerous countries.
  • Cladium mariscus subsp. mariscus : It occurs in Europe, from North Africa to the Caucasus and from the Himalayas to the temperate areas of East Asia.

literature

  • Eckehart J. Jäger, Klaus Werner (Ed.): Excursion flora from Germany . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 10th edited edition. tape 4 : Vascular Plants: Critical Volume . Elsevier, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich / Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-8274-1496-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cladium mariscus (L.) Pohl, Binsen-Schneide. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ Directory of Syntaxa in the volume of tables of the "Plant Societies of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and their Endangerment". (download; MS Word ; 90 kB) C. Berg et al., 2001, p. 2 , retrieved on September 23, 2010 : “12.2b Subordination: Kalk-Marshsimsen- und Schneid-Riede moderately nutrient-poor, calcareous depressions and bank locations " .
  3. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  166 .
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Cladium. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved August 25, 2016.
  5. ↑ a b c d Dietmar Aichele, Hans-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe , Volume 5, swan flower plants to duckweed plants. 2nd revised edition, Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .

Web links

Commons : Rush Edge ( Cladium mariscus )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files