Diocese of Kulm
The diocese of Kulm (also Diocese of Culm , Polish Diecezja Chełmińska ) was a Roman Catholic diocese in Prussia and Poland from 1346 to 1992. The seat of the cathedral chapter was in Kulmsee (Culmsee, Chełmża), from 1824 in Pelplin , but never in Kulm ( Culm, Chełmno).
In 1992 the new dioceses Pelplin and Toruń were formed.
territory
The spiritual area of the diocese was in the Kulmer Land . There was also a secular territory in which the bishops were the sovereigns. In the 16th century this comprised four cities (Culmsee, Culm, Löbau) and 75 villages.
history
1116 Christian became bishop of the conquered territories of Prussia. In 1222 he received the Kulmer Land as secular property and the episcopal rights over it.
In 1243 the diocese of Prussia was divided into four bishoprics by legate Wilhelm von Modena . In 1246 Heidenreich was designated as Bishop of Culm for the first time, and in that year the diocese was also confirmed by the Pope. In 1251 the cathedral chapter was founded in Culmsee . It was placed under the Teutonic Order , all cathedral capitulars had to be members of the order (until 1466). In 1255 the diocese was placed under the new Archdiocese of Riga , as were the other Prussian dioceses of Warmia , Pomesania and Samland . Since 1257 the seat of the bishop was in Löbau (Lubawa).
Since 1466 the diocese belonged to the Kingdom of Poland in Prussia royal share . Since then it has also administered parts of the Pomesania diocese in Poland. After the dissolution of the Archdiocese of Riga in 1555, the representatives of the Diocese of Culm took part in the Synods of the Archdiocese of Gniezno . Like all other areas in Poland, it remained Catholic.
Since 1772/73 the diocese belonged to the Kingdom of Prussia in West Prussia . In 1782 the bishop also moved his seat to Culmsee. In 1821 the diocese was officially incorporated into the Archdiocese of Gniezno. The diocesan borders were changed slightly, the Pomesan areas came to the diocese of Warmia, but Pomeranian areas were added. In 1824 the seat of the cathedral chapter and the bishop was moved to Pelplin . A seminary and an episcopal school ( Collegium Marianum ) were established there.
From 1920 the diocese belonged again to Poland. After the German occupation in 1939, all members of the cathedral chapter, most of the teachers of the seminary and the Collegium Marianum as well as other clergy were killed, a total of 365 people.
In 1992 the new diocese Pelplin was formed by Pope John Paul II. Smaller areas came to the new diocese of Toruń.
Personalities
Web links
- Literature on the Diocese of Culm 1, 2, 3 at WorldCat