Lycium carolinianum
| Lycium carolinianum | ||||||||||||
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Lycium carolinianum var. Sandwicense |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Lycium carolinianum | ||||||||||||
| Walter |
Lycium carolinianum is a plant type from the genus of Lycium ( Lycium ) in the family of the nightshade family (Solanaceae).
description
Lycium carolinianum is a 0.4 to 3 m high, upright or slightly spreading shrub . Its leaves are succulent , hairless and 10 to 35 mm long and 1 to 6 mm wide.
The flowers are hermaphroditic and usually four, rarely five-fold. The calyx is cup-shaped, hairless and about 3 mm long. The crown is bell-shaped-wheel-shaped, lavender to purple or white in color. The corolla tube is 7 to 12 mm long, the corolla lobes are about the same length or a little shorter. The stamens are densely tomentose in the lower third or fourth of the free-standing area.
The fruit is an egg-shaped, red berry with a diameter of about 12 mm. It contains a multitude of seeds .
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
Occurrence
The species is widespread in North America and occurs there in the Mexican states of Veracruz , Tamaulipas , Michoacán , Baja California Sur , Sinaloa , Colima , Oaxaca , Yucatán , Nayarit , Mexico , Nuevo León and San Luis Potosí , in the US state of South Carolina , Alabama , Florida , Texas and Louisiana as well as Hawaii , Easter Island and the West Indies .
Systematics
Internal system
Four varieties are distinguished within the species:
- Lycium carolinianum var. Carolinianum
- Lycium carolinianum var. Gaumeri C.L. Hitchc.
- Lycium carolinianum var. Quadrifidum (Dunal) CLHitchc.
- Lycium carolinianum var. Sandwicense
Lycium carolinianum var. Sandwicense has long been listed as a separate species Lycium sandwicense , but a close relationship to Lycium carolinianum has been suggested. Molecular biological studies confirm this close relationship and justify the status as a variety within the species.
External system
Molecular biological studies place the species together with Lycium brevipes , Lycium tenuispinosum and Lycium rachidocladum in a clearly supported clade , which in turn is placed in a larger clade from purely American species.
proof
Individual evidence
- ^ Lycium carolinianum at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ^ A b Rachel A. Levin and Jill S. Miller: Relationships within Tribe Lycieae (Solanaceae): Paraphyly of Lycium and multiple Origins of Gender Dimorphism . In: American Journal of Botany , Volume 92, Number 12, 2005. pp. 2044-2053.
- ^ Rachel A. Levin et al .: Evolutionary Relationships in Tribe Lycieae (Solanaceae) . In: DM Spooner, L. Bohs, J. Giovannoni, RG Olmstead and D. Shibata (eds.): Solanaceae VI: Genomics meets biodiversity. Proceedings of the Sixth International Solanaceae Conference , ISHS Acta Horticulturae 745, June 2007. ISBN 978-9066054271
Main evidence
- JS Miller and RA Levin: Lycium carolinianum . In: Project Lycieae
