Mixed-leaved bitterling

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Mixed-leaved bitterling
Blackstonia perfoliata2.jpg

Mixed-leaved bitterling ( Blackstonia perfoliata )

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Enzianartige (Gentianales)
Family : Gentian Family (Gentianaceae)
Genre : Bitter gentians ( Blackstonia )
Type : Mixed-leaved bitterling
Scientific name
Blackstonia perfoliata
( L. ) Huds.

The Durchwachsenblättrige bitterling ( Blackstonia perfoliata ) is a plant from the family of the Gentian family (Gentianaceae).

description

illustration
Capsule fruits

Vegetative characteristics

The streaky-leaved bitterling is an annual herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 10 to 60 centimeters. The upright, bare plant grows easily or is branched in the inflorescence. The blunt, egg-shaped basal leaves form a rosette. The oppositely arranged and intergrown stem leaves are ovate-triangular and pointed or pointed. The upper stem leaves are hardly narrowed at the base.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from May to September. The hermaphrodite flowers are threefold. The calyx is deeply divided into linear, one-nerved sections. The yellow crown is 8 to 15 millimeters long and has a short tube with six to eight corolla lobes spread out.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 40; the subspecies Blackstonia perfoliata subsp. intermedia has the chromosome number 2n = 20.

Occurrence

The streaky-leaved bitterling is widespread in Western, Central Europe , the Mediterranean and Southwest Asia. The warmth - loving species prefers semi- arid grasslands , forests, maquis and roadsides as a location . In Central Europe it occurs mainly in the Mesobrometes with Molinia arundinacea or Gymnadenia conopsea ; seldom also in the Erythraeo-Blackstonietum from the Nanocyperion association.

Systematics

One can distinguish several subspecies:

  • Blackstonia perfoliata (L.) Huds. subsp. perfoliata : It occurs in North Africa, in West, Central, South and East Europe as well as in the Middle East.
  • Blackstonia perfoliata subsp. grandiflora (Viv.) Maire : It occurs in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Spain, Sardinia, Corsica and Sicily.
  • Blackstonia perfoliata subsp. imperfoliata (L. f.) Franco & Rocha Afonso : It occurs in Morocco, Tunisia, Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Sardinia, Corsica and Sicily.
  • Blackstonia perfoliata subsp. intermedia (ten.) Zeltner : It occurs in Morocco, Portugal, Spain, Sardinia, Corsica, Sicily, Malta, Italy, Greece, Crete and Cyprus.
  • Later bitterling ( Blackstonia perfoliata subsp. Serotina (Rchb.) Vollm. ): It is also viewed by some authors as an independent species: Blackstonia acuminata (WDJ Koch & Ziz) Domin It occurs in North Africa, in Southern, Central and Eastern Europe as well in the Middle East.

literature

  • Peter Schönfelder, Ingrid Schönfelder: What is in bloom in the Mediterranean? 750 species (=  Kosmos nature guide ). 4th edition. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-10211-4 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  751 .
  2. ↑ Blackstonia perfoliata at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Karol Marhold, 2011: Gentianaceae : Data sheet Blackstonia perfoliata In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : Bloody Bitterling ( Blackstonia perfoliata )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files