Blue beard runner

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Blue beard runner
Leistus spinibarbis (40992414102) .jpg

Blue beard ( Leistus spinibarbis )

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Beetle (Coleoptera)
Family : Ground beetle (Carabidae)
Subfamily : Nebriinae
Genre : Beard runner ( Leistus )
Type : Blue beard runner
Scientific name
Leistus spinibarbis
( Fabricius , 1775)
Blue beard runner

The Blue leistus ( Leistus spinibarbis ), even thorn beard beetle or simply Dorn beard , is a beetle from the family of ground beetles and the subfamily Nebriinae . The genus of the bearded runner ( Leistus ) is represented in Europe with over forty species . The blue beard belongs to the subgenus Pogonophorus along with sixteen other European species .

features

Characteristics of the beetle

The beetle reaches a length of 7.5 to 9.0 millimeters. At negotiated colored copies head, chest shield and wing covers in deeper layers colored blue violet shiny metal until, at higher altitudes, the animals are usually brown often and less metallic. The legs, antennae and mouthparts are lighter and reddish brown.

The heart-shaped pronotum is almost twice as wide as it is long. Its edge is set off by a wide groove (pronotum throat). In contrast to the middle of the pronotum, the pronotum throat is clearly punctured and often lighter than the rest of the pronotum. Towards the base, the pronotum narrows to about the width of the head. The elytra also have a border, which is less noticeable. Compared to other European species, they are broad-oval and short. Behind the base, they widen and become slightly wider than the pronotum. At the end the elytra are pointed together. They have distinctive stripes of dots and a further shortened stripe next to the label (scutellar stripe).

The front hip cavities are open at the back, the legs are long and slender. The tarsi are all clearly five-parted.

Characteristics of the larva

The larvae are characterized by the elongated first breast segment, the stalked head and the two long cerci . However, this applies to all larvae of the genus.

biology

The beetle loves warmth ( thermophilic ) and is found primarily in the litter of light and dry forest areas, in heather areas , limestone quarries and on warm slopes in mountainous areas. In contrast to some very demanding species, however, it is spread over different biotopes ( eurytop ) and occurs accordingly comparatively frequently.

distribution

The species is widespread over large parts of western, central and southern Europe to Asia Minor . It is also found on the main island of Great Britain , but is absent in Ireland . The northern limit of distribution in Europe runs through Great Britain, the Netherlands , Germany , Poland and the Ukraine . In Germany it is more common in the west than in the east.

Systematics

The first scientific description comes from the Systema entomologiae sistens insectorum classes as Carabus spinibarbis by Johan Christian Fabricius from the year 1775. The genus description of the genus Leistus comes from Alois von Frölich from 1795, accordingly the species was only classified into this later.

The generic name Leistus from ancient Greek ληίστης ‚leïstes '=‚ robber' expresses that the species lives predatory. The name of the subgenus Pogonophorus from ancient Greek πώγων 'pōgon' = 'beard' and φορώς 'phorós' = 'carrying' means 'beard'. The expression is based on the bristles of the mouthparts that are visible from the side. The species name spinibarbis from Latin 'spīna' = 'thorn' and 'bárba' = 'beard' also refers to the bristles of the mouthparts. Leistus spinibarbis is the type species of the subgenus Pogonophorus .

The genus was comprehensively taxonomically revised by the French entomologist Georges G. Perrault in a series of articles . He differentiates six subspecies for the species, which are generally accepted to this day. Since then, another subspecies from the Caucasus has been newly described.

  • Leistus spinibarbis spinibarbis . Western Europe, Western Central Europe, to Austria and Northern Italy .
  • Leistus spinibarbis fiorii Lutschnik, 1913. Southern Italy and Sicily .
  • Leistus spinibarbis expansus Putzeys, 1874. Iberian Peninsula , North Africa ( Morocco )
  • Leistus spinibarbis rufipes Chaudoir, 1843. Balkan Peninsula , Romania , Asia Minor .
  • Leistus spinibarbis abdominalis Reiche & Sauley, 1855. Levante.
  • Leistus spinibarbis afer Cocquerell, 1858. North Africa (Algeria, Tunisia)
  • Leistus spinibarbis ponticus Kryzhanovskij et Shilenkov, 1999. Crimea, Southern Russia (Krasnodar region), Abkhazia.

literature

  • Karl Wilhelm Harde, Frantisek Severa and Edwin Möhn: The Kosmos Käferführer: The Central European Beetles. Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co KG, Stuttgart 2000, p. 104, ISBN 3-440-06959-1 .
  • Ekkehard Wachmann , Ralph Platen, Dieter Barndt: Ground beetles - observation, way of life . Naturbuch Verlag, Augsburg 1995, p. 142. ISBN 3-89440-125-7 .
  • Edmund Reitter : Fauna Germanica, the beetles of the German Empire I. Volume, KGLutz 'Verlag, Stuttgart 1908

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Ekkehard Wachmann , Ralph Platen, Dieter Barndt: ground beetle - observation, way of life . Naturbuch Verlag, Augsburg 1995, p. 142. ISBN 3-89440-125-7 .
  2. ^ A b c Karl Wilhelm Harde, Frantisek Severa and Edwin Möhn: Der Kosmos Käferführer: The Central European Beetles. Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co KG, Stuttgart 2000, p. 104, ISBN 3-440-06959-1 .
  3. ↑ a b Genre: Leistus Frölich. In: Edmund Reitter : Fauna Germanica, the beetles of the German Empire I. Volume + Plate 7, KGLutz 'Verlag, Stuttgart 1908
  4. ↑ a b Leistus spinibarbis at Fauna Europaea. Retrieved September 1, 2019
  5. ↑ Pogonophorus (subgenus) in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved February 23, 2012
  6. ↑ Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names.
  7. ↑ Georges G. Perrault (1992): Le genre Leistus Froehlig (Coleoptera Carabidae Nebriini) XVI - Le groupe de L. spinibarbis F. (I). Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon, 61ᵉ année, n ° 1: 15-24. on-line
  8. ↑ Ivan Löbl, David Löbl: Catalog of Palaearctic Coleoptera Vol. 1: Archostemata-Myxophaga-Adephaga. Brill, Leiden / Boston 2018. ISBN 978-90-04-33028-3 , pp. 40-41.
  9. ↑ Viktor Shilenkov: Ground Beetles of the Genus Leistus Froehlich of the Caucasus. (Coleoptera Carabidae Nebriini). Advances in Carabidology (Papers Dedicated to the Memory of Prof. Dr. Oleg L. Kryzhanovskij). Muiso Publishers, Krasnodar 1999. pp. 75-94.

Web links

Commons : Leistus spinibarbis  - collection of images, videos and audio files