Braunschweig fair
The Braunschweig trade fairs , which have been taking place twice a year in Braunschweig since 1498, experienced their heyday during the 18th century when they developed a significance similar to that of the goods fairs in Frankfurt and Leipzig . They lost their economic status during the 19th century and were abolished in 1910.
history
precursor
The Braunschweig fairs go back to the year 1498, when the Guelph sovereign Duke Heinrich the Elder granted the Hanseatic city of Braunschweig the privilege of holding two annual fairs. King Maximilian I also granted a privilege in 1505 that stipulated two annual markets for the summer at Laurentii (August 10) and for the winter at Candlemas (February 2) for a period of ten days each. This privilege was confirmed by Emperor Charles V in 1521. In the second half of the 17th century, the two fairs only had the character of ordinary annual fairs.
Established in 1681
After conquering the almost independent city of Braunschweig in 1671, Duke Rudolf August sought to revive the economic power of the formerly prosperous Hanseatic city and, in 1681, set up two annual goods fairs against the resistance of the trade fair cities of Leipzig and Frankfurt . The foreign merchants were granted the following advantages: safe conduct, thirty years of duty free and the creation of a court of law for trade fair disputes. In 1685 the trade fairs were expanded to include a Roßmarkt. The legal regulation of the trade fairs was carried out by the market court and exchange regulations issued in 1686. To improve the infrastructure, the "Ducal General Road Improvement Commission" was founded in 1705, which in 1744 had the route of the military roads mapped. The Frankfurt councilor Johann Friedrich Armand von Uffenbach (1687–1769), who attended the summer fair in 1728, reported on the range of goods :
Besides, there is a lack of all manner of gallantries, silver shops, mirrors and other furniture boutiques, indeed all kinds of seductive opportunities to get rid of the money, here as little as in the Frankfurt Römer. The carpenter's guild offered the nationally known Braunschweig cabinets in their sales rooms in the Autorshof , which were veneered and inlaid walnut cabinets.
In the period from 1764 to 1807, the trade fairs drew an average of 2034 trade visitors to the city for the winter and 2935 for the summer fair. The fairs were accompanied by an entertainment program, which ultimately led to the establishment of the opera house on Hagenmarkt in 1690. Since 1838, merchants who had offered their goods a hundred times in Braunschweig were honored with honorary citizenship of the city. Due to the increase in rail traffic and the changeover from goods to sample fairs , which was not completed in Braunschweig , the Braunschweig fairs lost their importance during the 19th century and were abolished in 1910.
Fairground
The exhibition grounds were located on the Altstadtmarkt and the Kohlmarkt as well as on various neighboring streets. In 1680, in addition to the most was Altstadtrathaus preferred author chapel demolished, in its place the Autorshof was built for the fair operation. Around 1700 the “Neue Hof” (now Handelsweg) was built for trade fair purposes. In 1706 an arcade with exhibition vaults was built in Klöpperstrasse , which was supplemented by Hermann Korb between 1709 and 1714 with a building in which the stock exchange hall and the purchase court were located. A post house of the Princely Braunschweigische Landespost for trade fair purposes was also built by Korb between 1710 and 1714 in Gördelingerstraße . In the former Martinifriedhof next to the Martinikirche , pot markets were held during the trade fairs, where porcelain, earthenware and crockery were sold. The pot markets were later moved to Burgplatz and, since the winter fair in 1889, to Aegidienmarkt .
literature
- Peter Albrecht: Braunschweiger Messen , in: Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon, published on behalf of the city of Braunschweig by Luitgard Camerer, Manfred RW Garzmann and Wolf-Dieter Schuegraf with special assistance from Norman-Mathias Pingel, Braunschweig 1992, pp. 40–41, ISBN 3- 926701-14-5 .
- Richard Moderhack : Braunschweiger Stadtgeschichte , Braunschweig 1997, ISBN 3-87884-050-0
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Richard Moderhack: Visitors in old Braunschweig , p. 28, Braunschweig 2005
- ^ Mechthild Wiswe : Carpenter. In: Luitgard Camerer , Manfred Garzmann , Wolf-Dieter Schuegraf (eds.): Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon . Joh. Heinr. Meyer Verlag, Braunschweig 1992, ISBN 3-926701-14-5 , p. 230 .
- ^ Norman-Mathias Pingel: Topfmarkt , in Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon, supplementary volume, p. 130, Braunschweig 1996