Brilon city forest

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The Briloner Stadtwald , also called Briloner Stadtforst , is one of the largest municipal forests in Germany with 7,750 hectares . It is located in Brilon on the northeastern edge of the Sauerland at altitudes between 400 and 800  m above sea level. NHN . Its south-eastern flank forms the state border with Hesse .

history

When the city of Brilon was founded in 1220 by Archbishop Engelbert I of Cologne , the city was endowed with a common mark “of a smaller size”. This mark was divided into an arable land near the city and the more distant forest. The individual free citizens were entitled to a certain extent to use the forest marrow.

Around the town's original mark were the brands of Düggelter , Keffelke , Lederke , Alme , Hoppecke , the Bürsche and the Mark des Borberg . When there was a rural exodus from the surrounding villages for various reasons at the beginning of the 14th century , these fell into desolation except for Alme and Hoppecke. The inhabitants, especially the nobility, moved into the city and brought their rights with them. The citizens of Brilon had already acquired property there, and the city bought trademark rights from church foundations and secular landlords. Since the 16th century, the city began to systematically buy up land and forests that became vacant. Conversely, citizens were prohibited from selling their property to outsiders. In 1530 the area of ​​the city extended beyond today's borders. The Markenwald was transferred directly into municipal ownership towards the end of the 16th century.

The use of the Brilon forests by the citizens was varied until the beginning of the 19th century. The extensive beech stocks covered the need for firewood. The light oak stands also offered grass and fruit for the forest pasture of cattle and pigs and supplied tannery for the tannery .

Since the beginning of the 19th century the development towards a rationally operated forest enterprise began . In 1811, the Grand Ducal Hessian Oberforstkollegium of Hessen-Darmstadt issued a regulation on the management of the Brilon municipal forest. The proceeds should benefit the city treasury. The Prussian administration followed up on this and determined the hiring of its own forest workers or the transfer of management to the state forest authority. In 1827 , four forest administrative districts were established in the administrative district of Arnsberg , to which Brilon belonged.

In fact, improved use of the forests was necessary. The overuse had partially made the forest disappear. According to the report by Mayor Nikolaus Hesse , the Hude in particular led to the creation of 4,000 to 5,000 acres of heather and wasteland around the city . Since the citizens did not recognize the monetary value of the forest, the areas remote from the city were in a deplorable condition without efficient forest management. During the revolution of 1848 , the dispute over the limitation of the Hude in particular led to unrest in the city. So the city had disbanded the communal flock of sheep, and the city forest officials had made themselves unpopular with their energetic crackdown on forest offenses.

As a result, the rational forestry use prevailed. Until 1973 Brilon belonged to the Forestry Association. After that, the forest was administered by the state regional forest office until it was again taken over by the city of Brilon in 1994. Even today, the forest contributes to the city budget through its management. It is also used for recreation, nature conservation and similar tasks. There are 4.5 district foresters with around 20 employees.

On the night of January 18-19, 2007, hurricane Kyrill destroyed around 1,000 hectares of forest in the city of Brilon with wind speeds of over 200 km / h in some cases. 500,000 m³ of wood were knocked over and broken. That corresponds to the amount of wood that would otherwise be harvested in ten years.

Citizen forest project

Kyrill Gate in the Bürgerwald

In the course of the reforestation, a community forest was created on the Poppenberg in the Brilon district of Petersborn . The forest, laid out according to the citizen forest concept , is intended to remain a source of income for the city through traditional sustainable management, to increasingly supply fuel for heating alternatives and to be expanded as a raw material supplier for industry, and to be further developed into a sports and leisure offer for the citizens.

The entrance to the Bürgerwald is the Kyrill-Tor, a 20-meter-high memorial made of 14 massive, peeled, otherwise untreated spruce trunks, which point upwards at an angle and intersect like a tipi . It is intended to remind of the destructive power of the storm , but also to remind of a new beginning and reconstruction.

Volunteering planted about 4,000 people from nine nations, 18 schools, 64 classes, 15 kindergartens and 53 clubs and companies about 50,000 new plants of 30 species of trees, including aspen , sycamore , Douglas fir , yew , wild service tree , buckthorn , ginkgo tree , on the grounds . The community forest concept will be extended to the entire city forest of Brilon.

Territories

The Brilon city forest is divided into five districts that enclose the urban area:

  • Niederwald-Wünnenbecke ( ⊙ )
  • Scharfenberg-Altenbüren ( ⊙ )
  • Schellhorn-Borberg ( ⊙ )
  • Three-hammer head ( ⊙ )
  • Madfeld ( ⊙ )

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Josef Rüther: Local history of the district of Brilon. Münster 1956, p. 108f.
  2. ↑ Weekly newspaper for the district of Brilon 18/1848 April 29, weekly newspaper for the district of Brilon 14/1848. 1.4. Extra sheet
  3. ↑ Magdalena Padberg: When we became Prussian. The Sauerland from 1816 to 1849. Grobbel, Fredeburg 1982, p. 334.
  4. ^ Wilfried Reininghaus, Axel Eilts: Fifteen months of revolution. The province of Westphalia from March 1848 to May 1849. In: Wilfried Reinighaus, Horst Conrad (Hrsg.): For freedom and law. Westphalia and Lippe in the revolution of 1848/49. Münster 1999, p. 38.
  5. ↑ State Archives Münster, Government Arnsberg 236: Government Commissioner to District President of March 28, 1848

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