Borberg
| Borberg | ||
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.jpg) View from Gevelinghausen eastwards to Borberg (center) with Olsberg (right); before that the towns of Bigge and Olsberg |
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| height | 670.2 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | near Petersborn ; Hochsauerlandkreis , North Rhine-Westphalia ( Germany ) | |
| Mountains | Rothaar Mountains | |
| Dominance | 2.85 km → Olsberg | |
| Notch height | 125.7 m ↓ Landesstraße from Elleringhausen to B 251 (to Istenberg ) | |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 21 '24 " N , 8 ° 32' 30" E | |
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| particularities | - ramparts Borberg - Borbergskirchhof - Peace Chapel Brilon - Borberger Friedenseiche - Borberger Peace Cross |
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The Borberg near Petersborn in the North Rhine-Westphalian Hochsauerlandkreis is 670.2 m above sea level. NHN high mountain in the Rothaar Mountains . He is a place of ramparts Borberg , the Borbergskirchhofs which Briloner Peace Chapel , the Borberger Friedenseiche and Borberger Peace Cross .
Mountain name
Johann Suibert Seibertz wrote, “The fact that the Borberg got its name not from a former castle, but actually from a church or chapel standing on it, emerges from a property register of the Geseke Monastery from 1360, which says, among other things: Abtissa habet sola conferre capellum in Borghardes berghe juxta Brilon. Not very far away in the Briloner Felde lies the Geseker Stein, which perhaps owes its name to the ancient relationship between the St. Borghards Chapel and the Geseker Abbey. Thirty years ago a woodcutter, Joh. Klaholz, found the rusted old cake or wafer iron of the church, which the publisher now has, in the ruins of the Borberg Church .
geography
location
The Borberg is located in the Sauerland in the northern foothills of the Rothaargebirge . Its summit rises around 2.5 km southwest of Petersborn , a district of Brilon , 2 km north of Elleringhausen and 2.2 km (as the crow flies ) east of Gierskopp , both districts or locations of Olsberg ; the border between the cities of Brilon and Olsberg runs over the western flank of the wooded mountain. The Gierskoppbach flows south to west as the eastern Ruhr tributary, the Beterhohl runs south-east, the Sitterbach flows north and the western flank flows away from the Wermecke , all of which flow into the Gierskoppbach, and to the east the Hillbringse tributary Deitmecke rises . The south-western foothills of the Borberg is the Harzkopf ( 463.3 m ).
Natural allocation
The Borberg belongs to the natural spatial main unit group Süderbergland (No. 33), in the main unit Rothaargebirge (with Hochsauerland ) (333) and in the subunit Hochsauerländer Schluchtgebirge (333.8) to the natural area Habuch (333.83), with its landscape towards the south in the natural area Ramsbecker ridge and gorges (333.81) and to the north and west in the main unit Sauerländer Senken (335) in the subunit Oberruhrgesenke (335.0) falls.
Mountain height
The height of the Borberg, which reaches 670.2 m in the context of its east summit , is sometimes given as only 669 m . But this refers to a 669 m high point, which lies between the east summit and the 225 m distant and 666.8 m high west summit.
Protected areas
On the part of the Borberg belonging to Brilon there are areas of the Hoppecke-Diemel-Bergland landscape protection area (landscape type A) ( CDDA no. 345020; designated 1989; 78.03 km² in size) and its part belonging to Olsberg those of the LSG Olsberg (CDDA No. 345105; 2004; 79.52 km².
Borberg ramparts
On the west shoulder of the Borberg, an average of 250 meters (m) southwest of a 629.2 m high hill is an early medieval rampart at a maximum height of around 602 m . It has a 170 × 160 × 230 m (approx. 1.9 ha ) core and an approximately triangular ring wall , also known as the outer bailey, almost 200 m long and 65 m wide (1.1 ha). Three gates were integrated into the wall, which can be seen by pulling the wall inwards. The northern gate system was uncovered during excavations (1982–1985) and supplemented for better visibility. The chamber gate was 7.7 m long and 4.2 m wide. A few finds do not allow a more precise dating of the complex. Comparisons suggest a pre-Romanesque complex with Carolingian-Ottonian architecture between the 9th and 10th centuries.
Borbergskirchhof
Within the ramparts there is the Borbergskirchhof . In the northwest of the site, excavations unearthed some remains of the foundations and walls of a former monastery church. The documents are extremely sparse. There is only one document that cannot be precisely dated, which may refer to the church. In a document from the Geseker Stift from 1360, the abbess names a capellam in Borghardes . What is certain is that the church was rebuilt several times. Excavation finds suggest that the 12th century was the construction period of the first phases. The floor plan, including that of the elaborate three-apse choir of the church, was completely uncovered during the excavations from 1983 to 1986. The head niche grave on the longitudinal axis of the church is probably a founder grave, another head niche grave is preserved in the southern extension. The tower exposed in the rear is 1.80 m high. 16 graves were found in the vicinity, which explain the traditional name "Borbergs Kirchhof".
Brilon Peace Chapel
On the south-western part of the ring wall, on cliffs above the Gierskoppbachtal, at an altitude of 600 m, is the Brilon Peace Chapel (also called Borbergs or Marienkapelle ). The chapel, built in 1923 and visible from afar, is a destination for pilgrimages. A small wooden wayside shrine of Saint Anthony the Great ( popularly known as Ficktünnes ) is kept in it; it originally stood at the foot of a mighty spruce tree and bears the year 1618. In 1931 the Borberg Peace Meeting took place at and in the chapel.
Peace Oak
About 70 meters south south-southeast of the Borbergskirchhof foundation and wall remains located a former monastery church is a Friedenseiche , the memory of the Borberger FDK peace meeting of 1931 was planted during the event under the direction of Josef Nikolay Borbergsförsters of pilgrims.
Peace cross
There is a wooden peace cross near the peace oak . It is located on a base made of natural stone and bears the inscription “You are brothers” . According base inscription it was in 1965 to commemorate the council erected .
FDK peace meeting (1931)
On September 13, 1931, a large international peace meeting of the Peace Association of German Catholics (FDK) took place on the Borberg - 16 months before the start of the Nazi regime . Josef Rüther , Theodor Rüther (Sauerland traveling merchant) and Rudolf Gunst were responsible for this meeting. Many people made a pilgrimage to Borberg for peace. Members of the Quickborn working group (Quickborn movement), crusaders from the Sauerland and students from the Brilon high school Petrinum came. With the deacon Franz Stock (Abbé), companions of Francis of Assisi (Saint Francis) traveled from France . Josef Folliet (later priest), Louis Archille (student from the Caribbean), Remillieux (Abbé) and Paulus Lenz-Medoc (General Secretary of the FDK) belonged to this group. More than 1000 people attended the meeting. Abbé Stock was one of the main speakers. He gave the French citizen of color Archille the peace kiss , which was acknowledged with protest by the SA men present .
Traffic and walking
Southwest past the Borberg lead between greed Kopp and Elleringhausen along the greed Kopp Bach , the national road 743 and the Upper Ruhr Valley Railway with near stations in Olsberg and Brilon-Wald . A few kilometers east of the mountain, the federal highway 251 runs from Gudenhagen-Petersborn through Brilon-Wald to Willingen in northern Hesse and a few kilometers northwest of the federal highway 480 from Olsberg to Altenbüren . For example, starting at these roads you can hike the Borberg on forest paths and paths. A section of the Rothaarsteig runs over its west shoulder , which is one of its highlights because of the impressive view of the Ruhr valley to the west.
literature
- Philipp R. Hömberg : Borbergs Kirchhof bei Brilon, Hochsauerlandkreis (= early castles in Westphalia 2). Munster 1998
- Torsten Capelle : Wall castles in Westphalia-Lippe (= early castles in Westphalia special volume 1). Antiquities Commission for Westphalia, Münster 2010, ISSN 0939-4745 , p. 20 no. FBW1
- Volker Gedaschke: Archaeological finds on the Borberg , in Der Petriner 47th year, Karl Hecker Brilon printer, 1989
Web links
- Borbergs-Kirchhof , on brilon-tourismus.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Topographical Information Management, Cologne District Government, Department GEObasis NRW ( information )
- ^ Johann Suibert Seibertz : Sources of Westphalian History , Volume 2, p. 29 (Arnsberg, 1860) and Volume 1., pp. 353 and 357 (Arnsberg, 1857)
- ↑ Martin Bürgener: Geographical Land Survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 111 Arolsen. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1963. → Online map (PDF; 4.1 MB)
- ↑ a b Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ a b Information panel Friedenseiche 1931 before Borberger Friedenseiche on commons.wikimedia.org