Bread Route (Trier)

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Bread route
coat of arms
Street in Trier
Bread route
Basic data
place trier
District center
Cross streets Grabenstrasse, Hosenstrasse, Konstantinstrasse , Jesuitenstrasse, Fahrstrasse, Neustrasse
Places Hauptmarkt , Kornmarkt
Buildings Jesuit College Trier
Technical specifications
Street length 350 m

The bread street is a street in the Trier city center . It is one of the main shopping streets in the city and has been a pedestrian zone since 1977 .

course

It is one of the two streets that lead south from the main market . Near the Viehmarktplatz it turns into Neustraße. It runs largely at an angle of about 40 degrees to Fleischstraße , which also begins at the main market, about 40 m northwest, and runs in a south-west direction to the Römerbrücke.

history

The road has been documented since 1222, but is certainly older. The street is named after the stalls of the bakers' guild that once stood on the eastern side of the main market and mostly continued into the street.

Cultural monuments

Jesuit College

In the Brotstraße there are a total of six cultural monuments and the monument zone Brotstraße 25-27 . However, many historic buildings in the street were destroyed during World War II. Most of the buildings were built between 1820 and 1850.

The former Jesuit College Trier is also located on the street . At the house in Brotstrasse 40 there is a niche figure of Saint Philip and in Brotstrasse 41 there is a sculpture of John the Baptist .

In the following some outstanding buildings are to be described in more detail, especially those of which nothing has survived today:

Bürgerhaus on Brotstrasse 1

The building, which was destroyed in the war, was a baroque town house from the 18th century. The building stood out for its wide range of designs, but was kept quite simple in terms of decorative elements. The unadorned building was two-story, had five axes and a central entrance that could be reached via five steps. The building had a mansard roof . The building dominated the street, but fell victim to an air raid on Trier. A building that has been preserved in Krahnenstrasse is designed in a similar way.

Building in the monument zone Brotstraße 25-27

Brotstrasse 25/26
Brotstrasse 26/27

The buildings in the monument zone are four three-story houses on the corner between the Renaissance west wing of the former Jesuit college on Brotstrasse and the college forecourt on Jesuitenstrasse. The corner development, which characterizes the street scene, documents the inconsistent rebuilding and partial renovation of residential buildings that took place from the middle to the 1880s, the oldest of which is still recognizable today, dating back to the 17th and early 18th centuries. During the renovation of two houses (corner house No. 25 and 26), the characteristic change from the gable-side to the more modern, eaves-side construction is visible.

The corner house at Brotstraße 25 with its crown-shaped arched walls on both upper floors is an 18th century eaves house and dates back to a new building erected in 1719 by the Jesuits. This probably appeared around 1830 with a two-storey, hipped gable front and was allegedly only added in 1869. At the same time, the classicist shop fitting that still exists today took place on the ground floor, for which the pilaster capitals were removed. The barrel-vaulted, deep one-room cellar across the street from Brotstraße is likely to be assigned to the original building from the early 18th century. The three-window building of the same height in Jesuitenstraße - also Brotstraße 25 - is based with its eaves facade according to the alignment plan of Jesuitenstraße drawn up around 1867 by the builder G. König.

House 26 might even go back to the 17th century. A clue for this dating is its hipped gable on the back, which has a three-part, staggered, richly profiled stick window still in the tradition typical of the Renaissance. The street facade was rebuilt by the merchant Friedrich Rebmann according to a design by the mason and carpenter Joseph Weis from 1854. The shop front was rebuilt around 1900. A memorial plaque at house no. 26 indicates that the Trier original Mathias Joseph Fischer ( Fischers Maathes ) was born here on April 10, 1822 . The “Café 1900” is located in house no.

House number 30

The house on Brotstrasse 30 was built around 1790, but has not survived. Although it made use of baroque forms such as the segmented arched window and the round or oval window, its appearance was no longer typical of the baroque, because the more camp-like that can be found in the baroque-type houses as well as in the building on Brückenstrasse 27 has been replaced here by a narrow, more vertically oriented shape; with a width of three axes, the height of the building up to the gable was already four storeys, and even five if one should include the large and relatively flat frontispiece. The proportions of the baroque building were, as it were, tilted into the vertical. Another change in the baroque conception of building was evident in the design of the window frames in the civil building. It is typical of the Baroque antique references in the late 18th century.

House Löwenstein (house number 31)

The so-called house Löwenstein was built around 1810 by the shopkeeper and city councilor Grach. It was connected to the house at Fahrstrasse 1 via the baroque-classical tenor: The one preceding this facade was the baroque facade of a three-storey and possibly seven-axis building. The central entrance probably existed earlier. The left and right ground floor axes with their wider windows and no cellar light openings were probably once shop doors. It is also interesting that during the renovation, except for the rustication of the ground floor, older forms were used throughout. The raised plastered areas between the floors were of Baroque origin, as were the likewise Baroque corner pilasters . Alien forms were completely absent. With its Ionic pilaster at the entrance, it resembled Monaise Castle near Zewen . However, some parts of the facade and portals have been rebuilt.

House number 32

Brotstrasse 32

The facade of the house at number 32, built in 1832 for the book printer and city councilor Jakob Lintz and destroyed in the war in 1944, lies above the cellar of a previous building from the High Middle Ages. This received its house name "Zur Geiß" after a resident of the same name from the second half of the 15th century. The impressive cellar fragments leave a pillar hall of the 12th / 13th century with cross-ribbed vaults in at least 2 × 3 yokes . Century. Its sloping and kinked wall on the street side documented the old building line of the Brotstraße. An outstanding feature that was already formulated in the building on Brückenstraße 31, which was built around 1800, is the triangular and gently sloping frontispiece that extends over the entire length of the front and completes the facade as an antique, representative motif. As already mentioned, the building is no longer preserved, but the facade has been partially reconstructed.

House number 34

According to Lay, the building at Brotstraße 34 was built in 1813 by the city taker Lorenz Ladner and was dated by Eichler to 1822. Due to the façade design in Trier, which is particularly typical of the 1820s, the later date is more likely. The architect was the well-known master builder Johann Georg Wolff . The building is one of the earliest known buildings in Wolff. The references to the formal sources typical for him are not yet so clearly pronounced.

To the Blue Hand (house number 41/42)

Brotstrasse 41
Brotstrasse 42

It is a classicist building from the early 19th century.

The Blue Hand shop is located in the building . This was founded in Trier in 1797. The unusual name comes from the dyeing of fabrics with indigo , which the founder of the company first introduced in Trier (and which is still common today for jeans). Since the blue color also stuck to his hands when he served customers, he and his business received the nickname.

House number 45

The house at Brotstrasse 45 was built around 1820 based on the dating of Bunjes / Brandts. However, based on the type and intensity of the ornamentation of the facade as well as the comparative dating, the construction around 1830 appears likely. The first half of the 1820s is characterized by rather restrained ornamentation, as can also be seen on the above-mentioned no longer preserved building at Brotstrasse 34 and at the Kornmarkt casino. This building may also be by Wolff, because the aedicule-like roofs of the two outer belfry windows can be found in a similar, albeit less reduced, form on the casino building. The vegetable gable fields with the corner acroteries in the parapet and lintel area of ​​the bay was shown by the Schinkel building of the insane asylum on the roofing windows of the upper floor. The tapering consoles that support the second oriel floor show Wolff's buildings at Neustraße 15. They are also similar to Berlin buildings from the first decade of the 19th century.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Emil Zenz: Street names of the city of Trier: their sense and their meaning . Ed .: Culture Office of the City of Trier. 5th edition. Trier 2006, DNB  455807825 (first edition: 1961).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Michael Zimmermann: Classicism in Trier. The city and its bourgeois architecture between 1768 and 1848. WVT Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Trier, 1997, ISBN 3-88476-280-X .
  3. ↑ a b General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Informational directory of cultural monuments of the district-free city of Trier . Koblenz 2010 ( gdke-rlp.de [PDF; 1,2 MB ; accessed on September 7, 2015]).
  4. ↑ Helmut Lutz, Städtische Denkmalpflege (Ed.): Directory of the listed buildings that have gone under since 1930. Preservation of monuments in Trier, 1975.
  5. ↑ a b c d Patrick Ostermann (arrangement): City of Trier. Old town. (=  Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . Volume 17.1 ). Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2001, ISBN 3-88462-171-8 .
  6. ↑ Richard Hüttel, Elisabeth Dühr (ed.): Classicism in Trier. Photos from the Prof. Wilhelm Deuser collection . Trier 1994 (catalog of the Simeonstift Trier Municipal Museum for the exhibition from January 21 to March 6, 1994).
  7. ↑ To the blue hand. Retrieved September 8, 2015 (company website).