Bean beetle
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Bean beetle ( Bruchus rufimanus ) |
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| Boheman , 1833 |
The field bean beetle ( Bruchus rufimanus ), also known as the horse bean beetle, is a species from the subfamily of the seed beetles (Bruchinae).
features
With a body length of 4–5 mm, bean beetles are among the larger members of the genus Bruchus . The wings are gray-brown in color and have yellowish spots, rarely they are monotonously gray-scaled (described as a subspecies velutinus mulsant). They don't cover the whole abdomen . There is usually a reddish-yellow longitudinal flaw behind the label. The four basal antennae are colored orange. The front legs are reddish, the middle and rear legs are gray-black. The underside is hairy yellowish brown. Males differ from females by the thicker rails of the middle legs, which are also curved and slightly twisted, they have a longitudinal furrow on the rear and a short end spur.
Occurrence
The beetles are widespread in Europe. Africa is named as their original range. The species was introduced in North America and is also widespread there.
Way of life
The beetles make up one generation per year. The larvae of the beetle species develop preferentially in field beans ( Vicia faba ). There are also other Schmetterlingsblütler (Faboideae) as Phaseolus , vetch ( Vicia ), grass pea ( Lathyrus ), lupine ( Lupinus ), peas ( Pisum ), lentils ( Lens ) and chickpeas ( Cicer used) as host plants. The beetle species is considered an agricultural pest . The larvae burrow into the developing seedlings and feed on the fruit. Often several larvae develop in the same bean. In contrast to related species, the bean beetles in the house usually leave the beans in autumn. Egg-laying on the host plant begins in June to July, up to 30 eggs per legume are laid. The larva bores into the seed from the outside. The young beetles hatch from the beginning of August, they gnaw a circular hole. The imaginal beetles visit flowers, preferably the beans themselves. Some of the beetles do not hatch and remain in the beans. These are sown during the next year when they are sown and thus infect the new population.
Harmful effect
The damage to the seeds by the beetle larvae probably leads to an increased fungal infection. In addition, yield losses occur. For this reason, in agriculture, pesticides are used against the beetles before the first pods are pushed. The species infects beans in the field (pest in the field); as a pest in stores or in the household, it is meaningless.
Natural enemies
The eggs of the broad bean beetle are of different brackish and jewel wasps (including Triaspis stictostiba , Triaspis thoracic and Uscana semifumipennis ) parasitized.
Similar species
- Bruchus atomarius - smaller species, differences in the hairiness of the elytra and the ventral side.
Web links
- Bruchus rufimanus at www.naturespot.org.uk
- Bean beetle at www.insektenbox.de
- Broadbean Weevil Bruchus rufimanus at www.biolib.cz
- Bruchus rufimanus at Encyclopedia of Life
- Bruchus rufimanus at Florence Grovida Gardening »Vegetable Pests
- Photos of the development phases of the bean beetle in "Biological cycle and populations dynamics of bean weevil Bruchus rufimanus (Coleoptera: Bruchinae) on two parcels: Vicia faba major (Seville) and Vicia faba minor (Field bean) in the region of Haizer (Bouira, Algeria) ; Siham Hamani1, Ferroudja Medjdoub-Bensaad "
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c Karl Wilhelm Harde , František Severa : Der Kosmos-Käferführer. The Central European beetle . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-06959-1 , p. 45,46,300 .
- ↑ a b c d European beetles - Bruchus . www.coleo-net.de. Retrieved February 17, 2018.
- ↑ a b c d Heinz Freude , Karl Wilhelm Harde , Gustav Adolf Lohse (ed.): Die Käfer Mitteleuropas . tape 10 : Bruchidae – Curculionidae 1 . Goecke & Evers , Krefeld 1981, ISBN 3-87263-029-6 , pp. 14 .
- ↑ Udo Sellenschlo: Storage pests and domestic pests: Determination tables for Central Europe. Springer-Verlag, 2011. ISBN 978-3-8274-2407-5 . on page 168.
- ↑ Bruchus rufimanus in Fauna Europaea
- ↑ a b c Species Bruchus rufimanus - Broadbean Weevil . bugguide.net. Retrieved February 17, 2018.
- ↑ a b Bean beetle . www.pflanzenkrankheiten.ch. Retrieved February 17, 2018.
- ↑ a b Chamber of Agriculture North Rhine-Westphalia, Plant Protection Service: Note from the Plant Protection Service for Agriculture L-29 from August 18, 2006, Field Beans - Horse Bean Beetle. PDF ( Memento of the original from February 20, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Bean beetle ( Bruchus rufimanus ) (PDF, 382 KB) State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology; Free State of Saxony. Archived from the original on February 18, 2018. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 17, 2018.
- ↑ A. van Huis, NK Kaashoek, HM Maes: Biological Control of Bruchids (Col .: Bruchidae) in Stored Pulses by using Egg Parasitoids of the genus Uscana (Hym .: Trichogrammatidae): A review (PDF, 637 KB) Dept. of Entomology, Wageningen Agricultural University. Retrieved February 23, 2018.
