Bulbophyllum
| Bulbophyllum | ||||||||||||
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Bulbophyllum echinolabium |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Bulbophyllum | ||||||||||||
| Thouars |
Bulbophyllum is the name of a plant - species from the family of orchids (Orchidaceae). The name is derived from the Greek bulbos "tuber" and phyllon "leaf" and thus refers to the appearance of typical representatives of this genus.
The genus was first described in 1822 by Louis Marie Aubert Du Petit-Thouars in his work Histoire particulière des plantes orchidées recueillies sur les trois îles australes d'Afrique, de France, de Bourbon et de Madagascar , which deals with the orchids of the French islands of the Busy Indian Ocean .
description
Bulbophyllum species form pseudobulbs on a creeping rhizome . These are close together like clumps or are separated from each other by longer rhizome sections. They are egg-shaped and often a little angular; they consist of a single internode . The pseudobulbs are surrounded by lower leaves , these are not formed like leaves . At the tip of the pseudobulbs there are one or two leaves . The leaves are folded along the middle in the bud and have a separating fabric to the pseudobulb.
The racemose inflorescence develops laterally from the base of the pseudobulbs. The resupinated flowers sit freely or are embedded in a fleshy, thickened inflorescence axis. The short column has a clear foot on which the lip and the lateral sepals are attached. The lip is undivided, the two outer petals sometimes have a ciliate border. Four pollinia sit in two compartments, they are not provided with an organ of attachment.
Many Bulbophyllum species are pollinated by flies and sometimes give off an odor of rot, decay and carrion.
distribution
The species of the genus Bulbophyllum occur pantropically , with a clear focus in the Paleotropic : Of the more than 1000 species, only 75 are native to America. According to R. Govaerts, there are a total of 2093 species (as of 2020). A list of the species and their range can be found at WCSP.
Taxonomy
For the genus Bulbophyllum Thouars nom. cons. there are many synonyms : Bolbophyllum Spreng. orth. var., Phyllorkis Thouars nom. rej., Acrochaene Lindl. , Adelopetalum Fitzg. , Anisopetalon Hook. , Blepharochilum M.A. Clem. & DLJones , Bolbophyllaria Rchb. f. , Bulbophyllaria S.Moore orth. Var., Bolbophyllopsis Rchb. f. , Canacorchis Guillaumin , Chaseella Summerh. , Carparomorchis M.A. Clem . & DLJones , Cirrhopetalum Lindl. nom. cons., Cochlia Blume , Codonosiphon Schltr. , Dactylorhynchus Schltr. , Didactyle Lindl. , Drymoda Lindl. , Diphyes flower , Epicranthes flower , Epicrianthes flower orth. Var., Ephippium flower , Ferruminaria Garay, Hamer & Siegerist , Fruticicola (Schltr.) MAClem. & DLJones , Genyorchis Schltr. nom. cons., Hamularia Aver. & Averyanova , Hapalochilus (Schltr.) Senghas , Henosis Hook. f. , Hippoglossum Breda nom. illeg., Hordeanthos Szlach. , Hyalosema Rolfe , Ichthyostomum D.L. Jones, MAClem. & Molloy , Ione Lindl. , Jejosephia A.N.Rao & Mani , Katherinea A.D.Hawkes , Kaurorchis D.L.Jones & MAClem. , Lepanthanthe (Schltr.) Szlach. , Lyraea Lindl. , Macrolepis A. Rich. , Malachadenia Lindl. , Mastigion Garay, Hamer & Siegerist , Megaclinium Lindl. , Monomeria Lindl. , Monosepalum Schltr. , Odontostylis flower nom. superflat., Odontostylis Breda nom. illeg., Oncophyllum D.L. Jones & MAClem. , Osyricera flower , Oxysepala Wight , Pachyrhachis A.Rich. , Papulipetalum (Schltr.) MAClem. & DLJones , Pedilochilus Schltr. , Pelma Finet , Peltopus (Schltr.) Szlach. & Marg. , Rhytionanthos Garay, Hamer & Siegerist , Saccoglossum Schltr. , Serpenticaulis M.A. Clem. & DLJones , Sarcobodium Beer , Sarcopodium Lindl. & Paxton nom. illeg., Sestochilos Breda , Spilorchis D.L. Jones & MAClem. , Sunipia Lindl. , Synarmosepalum Garay, Hamer & Siegerist , Tapeinoglossum Schltr. , Taurostalix Rchb. f. , Trachyrhachis (Schltr.) Szlach. , Trias Lindl. , Tribrachia Lindl. , Tripudianthes (Seidenf.) Szlach. & Kras , Vesicisepalum (JJSm.) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist , Xiphizusa Rchb. f. , Zygoglossum Reinw. , × Cirrhophyllum Anon.
literature
- CH Dodson, CA Luer (2005): Orchidaceae part 2 (Aa-Cyrtidiorchis) . In: G. Harling, L. Andersson (Eds.): Flora of Ecuador . Vol. 76, pp. 139ff. Botanical Institute, Göteborg University, ISBN 91-88896-51-X
- Robert L. Dressler (1993): Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family . 204. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-45058-6
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Bulbophyllum. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 6, 2020.
- ↑ Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn N. Rasmussen: Epidendroideae (Part 3) . In: Genera Orchidacearum . tape 6 . Oxford University Press, Oxford 2014, ISBN 978-0-19-964651-7 , pp. 1–576 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
