Buprestis dalmatina
| Buprestis dalmatina | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Buprestis dalmatina on pine |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Buprestis dalmatina | ||||||||||||
| Mannerheim , 1837 |
Buprestis dalmatina is a beetle fromthe jewel beetle family and the subfamily Buprestinae . The genus Buprestis is represented in Europe with over ten species , which are assigned to three subgenera. Buprestis dalmatina belongs to the subgenus Buprestis .
 
|
 
|
| Fig. 1: Different views of the beetle (♀) | |
|
|
| Fig. 2: Various drawings of the wing covers | |
 _________________________ Fig. 3: Pairing |
 ________________________________ Fig. 4: Detail foreleg ♂ from below, tarsus (deformed) and end of the bar with hooks (pointing to the left) |
Notes on names and synonyms
The Beetle was first described by Mannerheim in 1837 under the name it still bears today. Mannerheim specifies Dalmatia as the home of the beetles , which explains the species name dalmatina . According to the preface, Mannerheim preserves names that appear in catalogs for beetles that have not yet been described, and does not name himself as the namesake for Buprestis dalmatina , but Ludwig Parreyss (Vienna).
Since the beetle can look very different in color, it is described several times, partly as a new species, partly as an aberration :
- 1845 by Frivaldsky with the species name flavostrigata from Latin flávus, "yellow" and strigātus "striped", as it has two to four small yellow blemishes per wing cover.
- Named by Marseul in 1865 with the species name ledereri after M. Lederer, from whose collection the specimen on which the description is based comes: each wing cover with a pale yellow longitudinal band, which is shortened at both ends.
- 1918 by Pic as a variant semiviridescens from Latin sēmi, "half" and viridéscens, "greening" as with greenish elytra without spots (Latin elytris viridescintibus et immaculatis ).
The generic name Buprestis goes back to the time before Linnaeus and is already used by Aristotle for an insect that is not exactly known that causes the death of cattle if it is eaten by them. He is from old gr. βούς, "bōūs", "beef", and πρήθω, "prētho", "I puff up" derived.
Properties of the beetle
The beetle is thirteen to nineteen millimeters long and four times as long as it is wide and therefore relatively slender. It is elongated oval, its outline is hardly arched outward in the middle area, the sides are almost parallel there. Compared to the other species in the genus, it is relatively flat.
The color of the beetle is very variable; Obenberger gives 18 aberrations in a key, which he summarizes in three main varieties. Within this variability there is an overlap with the also variably drawn species Buprestis novemmaculata , Buprestis humeralis and Buprestis tarsensis , which is why one cannot limit oneself to the coloration when determining. The basic color of the upper side can be black, dark brown or dark green-copper, bluish shades are also possible.
The head is very fine ( pubescent ) hairy. It is rounded, short, sloping down and pulled back into the chest. It is dotted tightly wrinkled . In the middle there is a fine longitudinal furrow. The shiny eleven-link antennae are long and slender, serrated inwards and shorter than the head and pronotum combined. They are pivoted apart next to the front edge of the eyes . A reddish yellow to pale yellow markings extend over the forehead, the upper lip and the upper side of the upper jaw, which can enclose green spots or are partially reduced. The oval eyes are set apart and barely protruding. The distance from the rear edge of the eyes to the pronotum is small.
The strong upper jaws are slightly curved and two-toothed. The upper lip is weakly cut out. The last two links of the four- link jaw probe are elongated egg-shaped and of the same size. The end link of the three-part lip switch is egg-shaped and truncated.
The pronotum is broader than long and strongly punctured with little or no dense dots. It is narrowest in front with obtuse, downwardly drawn front angles, the marginal sides widen almost straight and less curved than in Buprestis tarsensis to the double-indented base, the rear angles are approximately right-angled. The fine side edge of the pronotum lowers forward and ends there. An orange-yellow to pale yellow stripe usually runs in front of and over the side edge of the pronotum, which usually reaches the posterior corner. The front edge is narrow and broadly interrupted in the middle.
The label is small and round.
The elytra are almost four times as long as the pronotum and together wider than this. They are bent over to the side, widened a little over the middle hips and can have a small yellow spot on the edge. The wing covers narrow towards the rear from the middle. They end straight to slightly obliquely truncated, resulting in an obtuse outer angle. The outer corner of the section and the seam angle are drawn out to form a tooth, and a third tooth can also be formed in between on the inner corner of the section. The elytra have longitudinal furrows forming rows of dots close to each other and deep points. The intervals are only slightly curved, about the same width and evenly dotted, the sixth interval is shortened.
The individual wing cover is purely dark and unspotted or provided with one to four approximately longitudinally running yellow flaws or these flaws combine partially or completely to form a pale yellow longitudinal band that extends along the middle of each wing cover with different widths. This longitudinal ligament is limited to the anterior wing-coverts or, in extreme cases, reaches close to the end of the wing-coverts (Fig. 2).
The underside is finely hairy. Compared to Buprestis tarsensis , the sculpture on the underside is coarser and denser, the hind hips more narrowed towards the sides. The prosternum is sparsely punctured and ends in a truncated process that lies in a recess in the mesosternum. This prosternal process, measured from the front edge of the front hips, is longer than the prostate in front of the front hips (in Buprestis octoguttata it is the same length or shorter). The abdomen is more finely dotted, the last segment (anal sternite) cut straight in the male and bluntly rounded in the female. The anal sternite usually has a large red-yellow triangular spot on each side. In the extreme case of the second, third and fourth abdominal sternite on both sides there is a spot on the side and two spots on the anal sternite; the two spots of the anal sternite can be combined to form a band. In any case, however, there are no yellow spots on the disc of the abdomen. The number of side spots can be reduced from six to four, two, or zero.
The front legs have thighs. The rails of the front legs are simply in the female, the male with the tarsi provided opposite spornartigem hooks (Fig. 4). When mating, the male uses the spur to hook onto the edge of the wing of the female in the area of the shoulders (Fig. 3). Compared to Buprestis novemmaculata , the rails of Buprestis dalmatina are much more delicate and less curved, the hooks are sharp but smaller. The claws are simple, the five-limbed tarsi on the rear feet rather narrow, lobed below, the first limb a little longer than the second.
biology
The beetles can be found on the breeding trees, mostly pines , occasionally cypresses, from May to August .
Occurrence
The species is classified by Niehuis as a pontomediterranean fauna element. The beetle has been detected from Egypt and Syria through Asia Minor and Greece to Albania , Montenegro and Dalmatia . According to Fauna Europaea, the species occurs a little further north ( Slovenia , Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria , Ukraine ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Buprestis at Fauna Europaea, accessed on May 6, 2017
- ↑ a b Mannerheim: Enumeration of Buprestides, et description de quelques nouvelles espèces .... (List of Buprestiden and description of some new species) in Bulletin de la Société Impériale of Naturalistes de Moscou tome 10, No. 8, Moscow 1837th S. 62 No. 5 Buprestis dalmatina
- ↑ a b Imre Frivaldszky: Rövid áttekintése egy természetrajzi utazásnak Törökhonban .... (Brief overview of a natural history trip to Turkey) in A Kíralyi Magyar Tudós Társaság évkönyvei (Yearbooks of the Royal Society of Hungarian Scholars); 1. Volume Pest 1841-1845 Buprestis / Ancylochira flavostrigata p. 179 in the Google book search
- ↑ a b c Jan Odenberger: Revision of the Palaearctic Buprestis species in communications of the Munich Entomological Society XXXI year 1941, issue II. Munich 1941 p. 528 Buprestis dalmatina
- ^ A b Marseul: Monograph des Buprestides in L'Abeille - Mémoires d'Éntomologie tome II, Paris 1865 p. 179 as Ancylochira Ledereri
- ↑ a b G. Kraaz: Two Syrian Buprests in Greece in Entomological monthly sheets, second year Berlin 1880. S. 137 ff Bupr. ledereri and Bupr. dalmatina
- ↑ M. Pic: Notes diverses, descriptions et diagnoses (suite) in L'Échange, Revue Linéenne no ° 387 May-June 1918 (not fully paged) Var. semiviridescens
- ↑ Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (genus)
- ↑ Gustav Jäger (Ed.): CG Calwer’s Käferbuch . K. Thienemanns, Stuttgart 1876, 3rd edition
- ↑ Identification table Buprestidae at coleo-net on May 9, 2017
- ↑ Ernő Csiki: Magyarország Buprestidái I (The Jewel Beetles of Hungary) in Rovartani lapok (Insect Leaves ) Volume XVI Budapest 1909 Key for Dalmatina p. 184
- ↑ H.Mühle, P. Brandl, M. Niehuis: Catalogus Faunae Graeciae; Coleoptera: Buprestidae Printed in Germany by Georg Rößle Augsburg 2000
- ↑ Manfred Niehuis: "Contribution to the knowledge of the Buprestis species of the Middle East (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)" in Zoology in the Middle East Vol. 4, Issue 1 pp. 39-61 1990
- ↑ Fauna Europaea, old portal, accessed on May 14, 2017 ( Memento of the original from December 26, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
