Dernbach Castle (Dernbach)
| Dernbach Castle | ||
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 The castle courtyard in Dernbach before the turn of the millennium |
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| Alternative name (s): | Dernbach Castle Courtyard | |
| Creation time : | around 1200 | |
| Castle type : | Fortress | |
| Conservation status: | Ruin, small remains | |
| Standing position : | Ministerial Headquarters | |
| Place: | Dernbach (Westerwald) | |
| Geographical location | 50 ° 27 '13.9 " N , 7 ° 47' 43.5" E | |
| Height: | 260 m above sea level NN | |
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The castle Dernbach , also courtyard Dernbach called, 2.8 km northwest of Schloss Montabaur on the outskirts of the municipality Dernbach (Westerwald) in Rhineland-Palatinate Westerwaldkreis located, largely corresponds to the castle of 1812/1815. It is very well preserved after extensive restoration. Only the remains of two round towers, which have been preserved along with the old residential building (Palas) on the south side of the extensive building complex, are reminiscent of the earlier fort from the High Middle Ages (around 1200).
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history
The castle courtyard in Dernbach belonged to the property of the Archbishop of Trier (lower archbishopric), who acted as feudal lord in 1211/14. The Lords of Dernbach , first mentioned in 1213 as fiefs, were vassals of the powerful noble family of the Counts of Isenburg and used their colors in their coat of arms. In 1217 they joined the castle team of Montabaur (ad castrum Humbach), which was an important outpost and temporary residence of the archbishop.
Philipp von Dernbach sold the castle to Dietrich von Grenzau in 1380. After his death in 1416 it came by inheritance to the Hilchen von Lorch family , who administered the Electorate of Trier fief from 1426 to 1722. The subsequent lords of Erffa, on the other hand, hardly played a role and after them the fiefdom fell back to the Elector of Trier in 1746. In 1803 ownership of the medieval building passed to the Duke of Nassau and, after extensive architectural changes, to the Prussian State in 1866. Dernbach's courtyard has been privately owned since 1936.
description
The former fort castle was significantly smaller than today's building complex, which was newly built in the 19th century. Three round defense towers and the square gate tower on the north side, as well as the house on the south side, were connected with a high curtain wall and surrounded by a moat. At the gate tower there was a wooden bridge for access to the inner courtyard. Although the St. Laurentius Chapel, probably built in the 12th century, stood a little below (i.e. to the north), it had its own castle chapel until the 18th century. When the curtain wall and two of the four towers were demolished in the course of the construction work of 1812/1815, they no longer existed. In 1901 the chapel of the community of Dernbach, which was separated from the castle, was closed down and the art-historically significant inventory moved out, including the well-known Dernbacher Lamentation (early 15th century). It is exhibited in the Limburg Diocesan Museum. The monument of St. Lawrence on the square of the same name between the castle courtyard and the castle sports complex from the 1960s reminds of the process and the historical origins.
literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments - Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1984, ISBN 3-422-00382-7 .
- Max Domarus : History of Dernbach. Festschrift and Heimatschrift in memory of the Dernbach anniversaries in August 1926. Dernbach 1926.
- Hellmuth Gensicke : State history of the Westerwald. 3. Unchanged reprint of the 1958 edition. Publications of the Historical Commission for Nassau, Vol. 13. Published by the Historical Commission for Nassau together with the Rhineland-Palatinate State Archives Administration. Historical Commission for Nassau, Wiesbaden 1999, ISBN 3-922244-80-7 .
- Adolf Hausen: The Dernbach Castle. In: Wäller Heimat. 1996, pp. 125-128.
- Marianne Pöller-Salzmann: Chronicle of Dernbach. Self-published, 1976/77, pp. 191-209.
Web links
- Entry for Dernbach Castle in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
Individual evidence
- ↑ Max Domarus : History of Dernbach. Festschrift and Heimatschrift commemorating the Dernbach anniversaries in August 1926.
