Pflindsberg Castle
| Pflindsberg Castle | ||
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 Copper engraving by Georg Matthäus Vischer around 1681. |
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| Alternative name (s): | Pflindsburg | |
| Creation time : | around 1250 | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, summit location | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Standing position : | Princely | |
| Place: | Lichtersberg, Altaussee municipality | |
| Geographical location | 47 ° 38 '14.5 " N , 13 ° 44' 31.2" E | |
| Height: | 945 m above sea level A. | |
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The castle Pflindsberg is a late medieval ruins of a hilltop castle in the village of Altaussee in Liezen in Styria , Austria .
location
The castle was located west of Altaussee on a 945 m high, wooded hilltop and was the only larger medieval defense structure in the Ausseerland .
Surname
The name Pflindsberg is derived from the Middle High German "vlins" (= the gravel, the rock) and refers to the rocky building site of the fortress.
history
Pflindsberg Castle was built around 1250 on behalf of the elected Archbishop of Salzburg, Philipp von Spanheim . After the death of the last Duke of Babenberg, Friedrich II. In 1246, Philipp von Spanheim occupied large parts of the Styrian Ennstal and thus also the Ausseerland . The weir system was established to reinforce the new claim to power and to protect the nearby salt mines on the Sandling massif and the mule tracks. In the rhyming chronicle of Ottokar from the Gaal it says:
"Ouch served prince rich
der Halberc and Usze,
because (her Philipp) won mê,
the Phlinsperc he bûte."
Philipp von Spanheim finally had to withdraw from Styria in the course of the Peace of Ofen in 1254 and the castle came into sovereign possession. In 1265 the complex was expanded and was first mentioned in a document as "Vlinsperch castrum". Due to the protective function for the mine (Halberc) , the saline (in Usze = Aussee) and the road over the Pötschenpass , it was an important border fortress in Styria towards the end of the 13th century.
The plant developed into the administrative center with lower jurisdiction of the independent rule Pflindsberg, which was separated from the sovereign rule Grauscharn-Pürgg . The nursing office was carried out by a sovereign official. The domain of Pflindsberg was responsible for around 90% of the goods in the Ausseerland. The small fortress also functioned as the seat of the maintenance office responsible for the salt works (Hallamt). The two offices (caretaker of the Pflindsberg rule and caretaker of the saltworks) were mostly exercised in personal union. However, the official seat of the saltworks administration was moved to Markt Aussee as early as 1395 .
Between 1460 and 1490 the rule was given high jurisdiction . From this point on, the castle keepers also acted as district judges and the castle keep of Pflindsberg Castle served as the district court's prison.
In the course of the 16th century, the administrative seat of the Pflindsberg estate was finally relocated to Markt Aussee .
In 1574/75 Archduke Charles II had the complex, which was already in ruins at the time, repaired. An apartment was set up for a miner who was also the jailer. In 1750 the Lordship and Castle of Pflindsberg were transferred to the Salinenärar , and so the court finally moved to Aussee. In 1755 the last resident, Bergmeister Preßl, left the castle to move to the town. The complex was abandoned and by 1780 it was completely derelict.
description
The Pflindsberg Castle was designed as a fortification from the start and not intended for court maintenance. It was an almost square building with a keep on the west side and a small gate tower on the east side and took up the entire hilltop. On three sides the foundation walls of the castle stood on steeply sloping terrain and rocky edges, on the fourth side they were protected by a ditch over which a bridge led to the gate tower. The keep on the enemy side originally had the shape of an isosceles triangle with a side length of approx. 12 m and a wall thickness of 2 m, with one edge facing the direction of attack. During the renovation in 1574, when the tower was only used as a prison, the approx. 60 degree pointed edge was cut off and replaced by a short, fourth side. The main wing of the castle was behind the keep and consisted of two narrow buildings to the north and south. Together with the keep and gate tower, they enclosed an elongated courtyard.
After the original, strategic function as a bulwark and border fortress lost more and more importance, only the most necessary repairs were carried out on the building. All wall guides, with the exception of the western section of the keep, were always restored to their previous form during the renovation work.
It is unclear whether the fortress was also used as the residence of the caretakers of the Pflindsberg lordship and the saltworks during its early days because of its very remote location and the small amount of land owned by only three single-mown meadows. This is conceivable at least until 1395, before the official seat of the saltworks administration was relocated to Aussee.
Today only very sparse wall remains of the keep, the northern palace and the defensive wall remain of the castle complex. In the area of the southern building and the gate tower, only very small remains of the wall can be seen. In the north-east of the ruin there are wall remains, which may represent the remains of a forework . On the east side of the former fortress, a staircase carved into the rock has been preserved. It leads to the so-called "Pflindsberger Krautgarten" at the foot of the steep castle hill.
Todays use
The "Burgenverein Pflindsberg" has been trying to preserve the ruins since 1972. In 2000, the Austrian Federal Forests built a lookout point on the site of the former castle complex . In 2005, the Pflindsberg castle ruins were placed under monument protection.
legend
According to legend, a black rider on a black horse drives mischief around the castle ruins at night. It is said to be the ghost of a criminal who died in the tower of the castle.
Web links
- Entry via Pflindsberg Castle to Burgen-Austria
Individual evidence
- ↑ See entry about Pflindsberg Castle on Burgen-Austria (accessed on July 10, 2012)
- ↑ See Reinhard Lamer: Das Ausseer Land. History and culture of a landscape . Styria, Graz 1998, p. 32. ISBN 3-222-12613-5 and Beate Henning: Small Middle High German Dictionary . 4th, improved edition. Niemeyer, Tübingen 2001, p. 432. ISBN 3-484-10696-4
- ↑ Reinhard Lamer: The Ausseer Land. History and culture of a landscape . Styria, Graz 1998, p. 31f. ISBN 3-222-12613-5 .
- ↑ Ottokar from the Gaal: Steirische Reimchronik . Vers 1952-53 (MGH, Chroniken V / 1, p. 26).
- ^ Karl Vocelka: The house and farm names of the cadastral communities Altaussee, Grundlsee, Lupitsch, Obertressen, Reitern and Strassen in the Styrian Salzkammergut . Volume 1 (= dissertations from the University of Vienna 102). Association of Austrian Scientific Societies, Vienna 1974, p. 19f.
- ↑ a b Excerpt from an expert report by Erik Hilzensauer, In: Bescheid des Bundesdenkmalamtes from 2005, p. 1. ( PDF file , 1.14 MB; accessed on July 7, 2012;).
- ^ Karl Vocelka: The house and farm names of the cadastral communities Altaussee, Grundlsee, Lupitsch, Obertressen, Reitern and Strassen in the Styrian Salzkammergut . Volume 1 (= dissertations from the University of Vienna 102). Association of Austrian Scientific Societies, Vienna 1974, p. 19.
- ↑ Reinhard Lamer: The Ausseer Land. History and culture of a landscape . Styria, Graz 1998, p. 32f. ISBN 3-222-12613-5
- ↑ See online chronicle. ( Memento of the original from May 16, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Altaussee Tourist Association (accessed on July 7, 2012).
- ↑ Reinhard Lamer: The Ausseer Land. History and culture of a landscape . Styria, Graz 1998, p. 32. ISBN 3-222-12613-5
- ↑ See description of the system on Burgseite.com online ( Memento of the original from August 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed on July 7, 2012)
- ↑ a b Excerpt from an expert report by Erik Hilzensauer, In: Bescheid des Bundesdenkmalamtes from 2005, p. 2. online (accessed on July 7, 2012; PDF file; 1.14 MB)
- ↑ Reinhard Lamer: The Ausseer Land. History and culture of a landscape . Styria, Graz 1998, p. 33. ISBN 3-222-12613-5
- ↑ Notification of the Federal Monuments Office online (accessed on July 7, 2012; PDF file; 1.14 MB)
- ^ Ferdinand von Andrian: The Altausseer . Norbertus-Druck, Vienna 1905, p. 149.
