Rehden Castle
| Rehden Castle | |
|---|---|
 Rehden Castle ruins |
|
| Creation time : | 1234 |
| Conservation status: | ruin |
| Construction: | Brick |
| Geographical location | 53 ° 23 '15 " N , 18 ° 56' 40" E |
The castle Rehden (in the 19th century often Rheden ) in Kulmerland was a German Order Castle . The castle in today's Polish town of Radzyń Chełmiński was the seat of a convent and a symbol of the Teutonic Order in Prussia.
history
After crusaders of the Teutonic Order invaded the Kulmerland in 1221 , the Pruzzen began a counter-offensive in 1224. They depopulated the area and destroyed the church organization. After this rebellion was put down and the area was finally conquered in 1231, the Teutonic Order built a fortification in 1234 . From it a stone castle was built around 1300, the ruins of which can still be visited today.
After the Battle of Tannenberg (1410) , the Polish-Lithuanian army under Johann Sokol von Lamberg and Jan Žižka took the castle in retreat. After the First Peace of Thorner , however, it returned to the possession of the Teutonic Order in 1411. With the support of the well-known surgeon Heinrich von Pfalzpaint , who joined the Teutonic Order before 1450 , he held the castle until 1454, when it was again conquered by the Poles and officially awarded to them in the Second Peace of Thor .
During the Polish-Swedish war , the castle suffered severe damage by the Swedes in 1628. It then lay fallow until 1772, when the Prussian authorities used some of its rooms.
From 1800 the structure was gradually demolished for the extraction of building material. It was not until the second half of the 19th century that debris clearing and preservation as a monument was tackled.
investment
The castle was built of brick and had an approximately square floor plan of 52 × 52 meters. Two outer castles joined the main castle in the south and east . Models of the castle can be found in the Teutonic Order Museum in Bad Mergentheim and in the Brandenburg-Prussia Museum in Fehrbellin.
literature
- Georg Bujack : The Rheden ruins. Sketch from the history of the German order. In: New Prussian Provincial Papers. Volume 3, Königsberg 1866, pp. 200-213.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Johannes Voigt: History of Prussia, from the earliest times to the fall of the rule of the German order. Volume 2, Königsberg 1827, p. 255.
- ^ Gundolf Keil : Heinrich von Pfalzpaint , in: The German literature of the Middle Ages. Author's Lexicon, 2nd edition, Vol. 3, Berlin / New York 1981, Sp. 856–862; here: col. 857 and 859.