Johann Sokol von Lamberg
Johann Sokol von Lamberg , called the falcon , in Czech Jan Sokol z Lamberka (* around 1355, † September 28, 1410 in Poland ) was a Moravian military leader and leader of the Bohemian-Moravian regiment in the battle of Tannenberg .
biography
Johann Sokol von Lamberg was probably a nephew of the knight Jaroslav von Lamberg. In 1396 he received the family castle Lamberk near Březník from his widow . From 1399 Johann Sokol was in the service of Vyšehrad . He became famous for his daring and successful campaigns in Moravia at a time that was determined by the feuds between the ruling brothers Jobst and Prokop of Moravia .
Johann Sokol von Lamberg was first the leader of one of the noble robber gangs organized by Prokop von Moravia , which between 1399 and 1401 against Heinrich III. von Rosenberg fought. Lamberg organized a mercenary army and set up a network of helpers in Moravia, who had their bases in Lamberk, Heraltice , Hobzí , the Hrádek fortress and the Holoubek castle. In 1403 King Wenceslaus gave him the village of Horky and the Skalice castle near Kostelec in Bohemia. After Johann Sokol von Lamberg had plundered and devastated property of the Olomouc bishopric in 1397 Vok the Elder and Vok the Younger von Holstein , the church threatened him with excommunication. In 1404 he assured the chapters of Olomouc, Brno and Kremsier that the episcopal property would be inviolable. Until the death of Margrave Prokop in 1405 he was in his pay and fought against Jobst of Moravia, King Sigismund , the Bohemian Jednota panská (noble union) and other allies of Jobst. His allies included Albrecht von Lichtenburg on Vöttau and the brothers Jindřich and Hynek Dürrteufel from Kunstadt on Jevišovice , with whom he ruled large parts of south-west Moravia and carried out raids against the Rosenberger properties and against Austria. When the drought devil had conquered the town of Znojmo in 1404 , Johann Sokol vom Lamberg successfully stood by his side in the defense against the troops of the later Emperor Sigismund and Duke Albrechts IV of Austria. In May 1407 he took the city of Laa an der Thaya on behalf of Jobst of Moravia . Duke Leopold IV of Austria tried to recapture it in vain and was then ready to negotiate with Jobst and Johann Sokol. Leopold secured the services of Johann Sokol for further feuds.
In 1410 Johann Sokol von Lamberg moved with his army to the lower Weichselland, where the Polish-Lithuanian armies fought against the Teutonic Knights . He entered the service of Władysław II Jagiełłos . Lamberg, who was one of the most important warriors of his time, became one of the king's bodyguards. He then formed the Bohemian-Moravian regiment, which under his leadership took part in the battle of Tannenberg on July 15, 1410 on the side of Poland-Lithuania in the victory over the Teutonic Knights. Jan Žižka was one of the fighters in his ranks .
On September 23, 1410, Sokol von Lamberg and Žižka took over the conquered Rehden Order Castle . At the invitation of Władysław II Jagiełło, Jan Sokol took part in a meal in Thorn on September 27, 1410 and died the next day. The cause of death was likely poisoned fish. There have been various speculations about the death of Sokol von Lamberg, which assume that he was poisoned either by Jan Žižka or by Polish nobles who were a thorn in the side of his influence on the king.
After Johann Sokol's death, his brother Vanek von Lamberg and Vigštejn inherited Lamberk Castle. He died in 1420. He is considered a feared robber baron . Johann Sokol's sons, Nikolaus Sokol von Lamberg and Jaroslav Sokol von Lamberg, were raised in Kraków . They later fight in the ranks of the Hussites . Nikolaus Sokol von Lamberg became a captain of the orphans . He was one of the initiators of the return of Johann Giskra from Slovakia.
Over the centuries, Johann Sokol von Lamberg's military achievements fell into oblivion. Above all, his reputation as a robber baron was preserved .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Alois Niederstätter : Austrian History 1278-1411. The rule of Austria. Prince and country in the late Middle Ages. Ueberreuter Verlag, Vienna 2001, p. 197
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Lamberg, Johann Sokol from |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Jan Sokol z Lamberka |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Moravian military leader |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1335 |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 28, 1410 |
| Place of death | Poland |