Lamberg (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those of Lamberg, from the 13th to 14th centuries.

Lamberg is the name of a noble family that belongs to the ancient nobility , has been wealthy in Carniola since the 14th century and divided into the now extinct Rosenbühl line and the ortenegg line in 1397 . The family was elevated to the baron status in 1544 , the imperial count in 1667 and the imperial prince in 1702 as the landgrave of Leuchtenberg . The dignity of the imperial prince passed to the Bavarian line of the house in 1797 , which expired in 1862. In Austria-Hungary , the Steyr Line was a large landowner until the 20th century .

history

Origin and possessions

The descent of those from Lamberg is in the dark. But they carried the same coat of arms as the lords of Graben, who also came from Carniola, and their descendants Orsini-Rosenberg , descendants of the Meinhardins . It is unclear whether it is a tribal equality, a descent from one another, or the coat of arms of a feudal lord adopted by both sexes.

Mentioned in a document since the 13th century, members of the von Lamberg dynasty worked for generations in court, state and military service of the House of Habsburg and earned services as canons , bishops , archbishops or cardinals for the Roman Catholic Church .

Their headquarters were in Lamberg near Steyr in Upper Austria , the first capital of the then Mark Steyer , from where they expanded into Carniola (today's Slovenia ). The family branch of the ortenegg line therefore rose to the baron status in 1544 and to the imperial count status in 1667. In 1707, Emperor Joseph I raised them to the rank of Imperial Prince and Landgrave of Leuchtenberg after primogeniture . In 1762 the estates of the extinct family from Rottal came hereditary to the Bavarian line of those from Lamberg. In 1860 the St. Erasmus Chapel in Nezamislitz was redesigned as the family pantheon of the princes of Lamberg.

The castle Ottenstein in the Waldviertel and Castle Gilgenberg in Lower Austria were 1536 to 1940 in the family estate.

Family fideikommissherrschaft of the princely line as well as from 1862 those of the Countess-Hungarian were Steyr in Upper Austria with the rebuilt castle Lamberg from 1727 (owned from 1666 to 1938) and in the southwest of Bohemia the rule Schichowitz including the goods Raby (until 1920 including the castle Raby ), Budietitz , Žihobetz and Stradal (from 1707 to 1946).

The family also owned Münichau Castle in Reith near Kitzbühel in Tyrol (1580 to 1921), Kaps Castle with Kapsbrunn in Kitzbühel (from 1679 until today), Lebenberg Castle near Kitzbühel (1693 to 1930), from around 1700 Oels in Moravia (with Lamberg Castle, built there around 1700) and Feistritz Castle (1809–1959) and Trautenfels Castle (1878–1942) in Styria .

Count Heinrich Lamberg was one of the largest forest owners in Austria when he died in 1929. His possessions included Fideikommisse Steyr and Schichowitz with over 30,000 hectares and Ottenstein and Gilgenberg with around 3,000 hectares. In 1938, Count Vollrath Lamberg sold Lamberg Castle including the extensive forest holdings in the Enns and Steyrtal valleys to the German Reich and in 1940 Ottenstein Castle. In 1946 the property in Czechoslovakia was expropriated, as was Mór in Hungary. The Austrian properties were gradually sold until the 1960s. With that, a huge property was practically completely lost.

Schloss Kaps in Kitzbühel is still family-owned and has been used as the seat of the Kitzbühel Golf Club since 1955 .

Name bearer

Main lines of the brothers Balthasar, Georg and Jakob von Lamberg

As early as the 15th century, the von Lamberg family divided into 3 main lines, donated by Balthasar, Georg and Jacob, three sons of Wilhelm II von Lamberg (*?; † 1397/1414). These main lines branched out in many ways and spread throughout the Austrian monarchy, especially in Carniola , Carinthia , Lower Austria and Bohemia .

Balthasar's main line

  • Balthasar von Lamberg:
    • Georg II von Lamberg zu Orteneck (*?; † 1499): Imperial colonel and captain on the windy borders; from Emperor Friedrich III. enfeoffed in March 1468 with the rule and fortress of Orteneck (Ortenegg, today Ortnek in Slovenia) in the Duchy of Carniola; The oldest branch in Orteneck belongs to: the princely branch , which went out in 1797, and the counts' branch (Count 1667), of which the main branch with its headquarters in Lamberg and Ottenstein was extinguished in 1931 (but a secondary branch still exists).
    • Andreas von Lamberg zu Schneeberg (*?; †?): Founder of the line to Schneeberg (Snežnik), whose grandchildren rose to the baron status in 1524, but died out in the 17th century.

Main line of Georg

  • Georg von Lamberg (*?; † c. 1438): Founder of the line to Gutenberg (near Neumarktl / Tržič), whereby of his sons the eldest (the sixth of eight children) became bishop, and two sons each founded a branch line.
    • Sigismund von Lamberg (*?; † 1488): 1461/63 first bishop of Laibach ( Ljubljana ) in Slovenia
    • Heinrich von Lamberg (*?; †?): Founder of the Hörward or Herbart line , which rose to the rank of count in 1667 and went out in 1806 with Count Maximilian Anton Leopold von Lamberg.
    • George II (?). von Lamberg († c. 1509): founder of the line to Stein and Gutenberg , which went out in 1850 with Count Ernst von Lamberg.

Main line of Jacob

  • Jakob von Lamberg († approx. 1433): founded the line to Rothenbühel (Malo Črnelo) , it expired with Count Georg Gottfried von Lamberg in 1689

The princes of Lamberg

Lamberg imperial prince diploma

They come from the founder of the Ortenegg line:

Hereditary imperial princes

The closer progenitor of the princely house was a great-grandson of Kaspar (III.):

  • Johann Maximilian von Lamberg (* 1608, † 1682): since 1636 Imperial Count von Lamberg, Imperial Secret State Conference Minister and Chief Steward; ⚭ 1635 Rebekka Maria Judith, b. Countess Wrbna von Freudenthal (* 1612; † 1690).
    • Franz Joseph I. von Lamberg (* 1711; † 1712): 2nd Prince of Lamberg and Landgrave of Leuchtenberg (in the Upper Palatinate) etc., since he succeeded his childless son - the 1st Prince of Lamberg (* 1637; † 1712); ⚭ Anna Maria, b. Countess v. u. z. Trauttmansdorff (*?; † 1727).
      • Leopold Matthias von Lamberg (* 1667; † 1711): in 1707 was raised to the rank of 1st Imperial Prince of Lamberg (1707–1711) and Landgrave of Leuchtenberg (1709–1711); was u. a. Oberst-Erblandjägermeister in the Archduchy of Austria ob der Enns and Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece ; ⚭ 1691 Maria Claudia, b. Countess Künigl Freiin zu Ehrenburg and Warth (* 1669/70; † 1710).
        • Franz Anton von Lamberg (* 1678; † 1759): 3rd Reichsfürst von Lamberg; followed as Prince (1712–1759) and Landgrave von Leuchtenberg (1712–1714); since 1744 Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece ; ⚭ 1.)?; ⚭ 2.) 1721 Maria Aloysia, b. Countess of Harrach zu Rohrau and Thannhausen; they fathered Johann Nepomuk Friedrich:
          • Johann Nepomuk Friedrich von Lamberg (* 1737; † 1797): 4th Reichsfürst von Lamberg (1759–1797); ⚭ 1761 Maria Anna, b. Countess Trautson (* 1743; † 1790), lady of the Star Cross , T. d. Johann Wilhelm (last) Reichsfürst Trautson Graf zu Falkenstein etc .; fathered with their only son, Franz Anton (the younger) (* 1782, † 1790), who died as an hereditary count before his father and with him the (older) princely house of Lamberg in 1797.

The prince title, all dominions and hereditary dignities passed to Carl Eugen von Lamberg and his descendants as follows:

  • Carl Eugen von Lamberg (April 1, 1764; † 1831): 5th Reichsfürst von Lamberg, as a senior of the younger line descended from Caspar Friedrich von Lamberg († 1686, brother of the 2nd Prince)
    • Gustav Joachim (* 1812; † 1862): 6th Prince of Lamberg; last Prince of Lamberg; his illegitimate children, legitimized by subsequent morganatic marriage, were excluded from family inheritance (in Steyr, Schichowitz, etc.), the title of prince expired or was expressly withdrawn from the son in 1887; the family entails fell to Rudolf Graf Lamberg (from the Hungarian branch of the family on Mór ).

Imperial Prince "ad personam" (as personal dignity)

More individual family members

Nobilitations and dynastic marriages

The von Lamberg family was raised to the baron status in 1544, to the imperial count status in 1667 and to the imperial prince status as landgrave von Leuchtenberg in 1702, whereby this dignity was transferred in 1797 to the Bavarian line of the house, which expired in 1882 .

The extensive family of the von Lambergs was related to numerous families of the high nobility of the Danube monarchy , such as the Althann , Breuner , Colloredo , Herberstein , Hoyos , Mensdorff-Pouilly , the Counts of Meran , Harrach , Khevenhüller , Porcia , Starhemberg , Schwarzenberg , Thun-Hohenstein , Thurn , Trautson , Trauttmansdorff , Windisch-Graetz , Esterházy , Festetics de Tolna, Ursini von Blagay, as well as to German families like Fugger , Hohenzollern-Hechingen , Salm-Neuburg and Waldburg-Zeil .

coat of arms

Blazon : The family coat of arms shows a split shield , which is divided five times on the right by blue and silver, on the left is red without a picture; On the helmet with its blue-silver helmet covers sit two buffalo horns , labeled like the two shield halves , each with four natural peacock feathers on the outside.

  • Coat of arms of those of Lamberg around 1600 after the coat of arms was increased

  • Coat of arms of those von Lamberg (Bavarian line) after 1655 with the Scaliger coat of arms as a heart shield

  • Coat of arms of the princes of Lamberg

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ GHdA , Volume 97, 1989 Adelslexikon
  2. ↑ a b Lamberg. In: Gerhard Köbler : Historical Lexicon of the German Lands. The German territories and imperial immediate families from the Middle Ages to the present. 6th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-406-44333-8 , p. 331.
  3. ↑ Alois Weiss von Starkenfels, Johann Kirnbauer von Erzstätt : The arms of the nobility in Upper Austria (= J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms. Volume 27). Bauer & Raspe, Nuremberg 1904, p. 753 ( partly online ).
  4. ↑ A. Weiss: Carinthia's nobility until the year 1300. Wilhelm Braunmüller, Vienna 1869, p 211 ( online ).
  5. ^ Archives in the Lower Austrian Provincial Archives, notification from the Austrian Provincial Archives of March 10, 1955, ZI. III / 3a-84 / 10-1955.
  6. ↑ Reiner Puschnig: The Count's Lamberg Archives from Feistritz Castle near Ilz. In: Mitt. D. St. Landesarchivs 5, pp. 22–71 ( introduction, pdf , landesarchiv.steiermark.at).
  7. ^ Website Golf Club Kitzbühel
  8. ↑ Irmgard Bezzel: The library of the Gurk bishop Johann Jakob von Lamberg (1561-1630). A library of Romanesque prints from the 16th century. In: Börsenblatt for the German book trade - Frankfurt edition. Volume 89, (November 5) 1968 (= Archive for the History of the Book Industry. Volume 62), pp. 2919–2928, here: p. 2927.
  9. ↑ GHdA , Volume 97, 1989 Adelslexikon