Thurn and Valsassina

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Coat of arms of Count Thurn (from Siebmacher's Wappenbuch, 1605)

Thurn and Valsassina (also Thurn-Valsassina ) is Friulian - görzischer nobility and Austrian aristocracy sex . The relatives led historically and still carry the title of Count or Countess of Thurn and Valsassina-Como-Vercelli under nobility law .

history

The Torriani in Lombardy

The family comes from the Italian patrician dynasty of the Torriani . The della Torre family was first mentioned in a document in 1200 in Milan. At the end of the 13th century, the marriage with a Countess of Valsassina led to the double name; from the Archdiocese of Milan they were enfeoffed with the county of Valsassina in today's province of Lecco , whose main fortified town was Primaluna . From the middle of the 13th to the beginning of the 14th century, the Torriani ruled Milan and Lombardy with interruptions as Podestà and Signori and were considered the leaders of the Guelphs loyal to the Pope until they were finally ousted by the Visconti . Napoleone della Torre († 1278) was Imperial Vicar of Lombardy from 1265 to 1277 , Paganino della Torre became Podestà of Como and Roman senator, Salvino della Torre Podestà of Vercelli . The Torriani also provided several Patriarchs of Aquileia .

Gorizia line

Francesco della Torre (1518–1565) from the Gorizia line (descendants of Ermanno, Napoleone's eldest brother) was councilor to Emperor Ferdinand I and in 1558 was the imperial envoy to Venice ; he was raised to baron of Thurn and Valsassina . His son Raimund married two Hofer von Hohenfels sisters , heiresses of Duino Castle ; in 1572 he became Count of Thurn-Hofer and Valsassina ; the last descendant of this line, Theresa Maria († 1893), Duino passed on to her daughter, Princess Marie von Thurn und Taxis , the patron of Rainer Maria Rilkes . The castle still belongs to their descendants from the Princely House of Thurn und Taxis . (The Thurn und Taxis family also refers - albeit more dubiously - to the Torriani as ancestors.)

Carinthian line

Another brother of Napoleone, Salvino († after 1281), founded a line that came to Carinthia with his great-grandson Richard I of Thurn-Valsassina , where he married into the aristocratic families and is still based on several estates in Carinthia and Lower Austria. Six generations after Richard I, Anton II († 1569), Land Marshal of Gorizia, and his cousin Franz (1508–1586) became barons and in 1541 counts. Anton's younger son Johann Ambros (1537–1621) acquired Bleiburg Castle in 1601 and his older brother Achaz continued the line that is still there today. Franz 'youngest son, Count Heinrich Matthias von Thurn (1567-1640), became one of the main leaders of the Bohemian, Protestant uprising against Ferdinand II in the first phase of the Thirty Years War . He went into exile in the Baltic States, where the branch went out with his grandchildren.

As one of 64 noble families, the family had a hereditary seat in the manor house , the upper house of the Austrian Imperial Council .

Possessions

The family's possessions to this day include: Bleiburg Castle in Carinthia and Hagenegg Castle in Eisenkappel-Vellach since 1601 , Niedernondorf Castle in Waldhausen in Lower Austria since 1873 and the former rule around Lichtenfels Castle since 1872 ; As a result of an adoption in 1974, the property of the Barons Vrints zu Falkenstein in Lower Austria (with Falkenstein Castle and Poysbrunn ) came to the Thurn. Historically, u. a. the castle Gradac in Bela Krajina and the village of Montorio in Italy owned by the family.

The Palais Thurn-Valsassina at Rainergasse 22 in Vienna's 4th district of Wieden was the family seat in what was then the capital and residence town.

One branch of the family owned Berg Castle in Berg TG , which is known through letters and a poem by Annette von Droste-Hülshoff . The last Count of Thurn zu Berg, Johann von Thurn-Valsassina, was a member of the government of the Canton of Thurgau from 1817 to 1831.

family members

Thurn-Valsassina and Taxis

When sex of the Thurn-Valsassina and Taxis , however, is the descendants of Gabriel taxis from the Italian family taxis (later "Thurn und Taxis") , which in the 1642 Empire Barons - and 1680 in the imperial counts were collected. After appropriate preparation, v. a. by Alexandrine von Taxis , Emperor Ferdinand III allowed . of the von Taxis family in 1650 to call themselves "von Thurn, Valsassina and Taxis" in the future.

literature

Web links

Commons : Thurn and Valsassina  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ After Max Piendl: The Princely House of Thurn and Taxis. Verlag Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg 1981 , p. 35 only the descent of the Counts of Thurn and Valsassina from the Torriani is unequivocally established.
  2. Rolf Soland, Romanshorn: "The last Count of Thurn zu Berg"