Sayda Castle
| Sayda Castle | ||
|---|---|---|
| Creation time : | 13th Century | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, spur location | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall | |
| Place: | Sayda | |
| Geographical location | 50 ° 42 '44.6 " N , 13 ° 25' 2.6" E | |
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The castle Sayda was a medieval fortification in the same place Sayda in the Erzgebirge . The facility served to protect the road from the Old Salt Road from Halle to Prague.
history
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The complex is mentioned in a document in 1236 as the Heinricus de Siden manor and in 1289 as Castrum et civitas Seydowe . It may have arisen at the end of the 12th century, when settlement also reached the high altitude of the Ore Mountains. It lay on an east-facing, spur-like spur of a mountain. It can thus be counted among the spur castles. The system was 50 by 40 meters in size.
Around 1200 Sayda belonged to the domain of the Hrabischitzer . In the 12th century, during the first silver finds in the Ore Mountains, they founded the Osek monastery , to which they appointed Cistercian monks. The Hrabischitzer had been its margrave lords since 1307 . In 1350 the brothers Boresch V. and Slauko V. von Riesenburg were given the fiefdom of the castles Rechenberg , Sayda and Purschenstein . Just two years later, however, they sold the Saxon goods to the Lords of Schönberg and thus gave up these lands.
From 1352 until the Reformation and the Thirty Years' War, the von Schönberg family lived here. Later they moved to Purschenstein Castle. A surviving relief on an epitaph in the Sayda church shows the castle with the actual residential building, a large round tower (probably the keep ), a smaller hexagonal tower and the Michaeliskapelle built in 1448. The castle complex was surrounded by a wall with cast holes or machicolation . From around 1539 the Sayda castle was hardly inhabited and the Michaeliskapelle fell into disrepair. 1584 was on the foundations of Vorwerk built. During the Thirty Years' War, on October 7, 1634, the town of Sayda and with it the castle was completely destroyed. The two towers survived until the 19th century, but were then removed. In 1877 the Vorwerk burned down, was rebuilt and is now a listed residential building. The area of the weir system has now been completely changed due to overbuilding.
Sayda city fortifications
Sayda was surrounded by city fortifications by the 14th century at the latest. With the acquisition of the right of attachment, Sayda offered passing merchants more protection for their goods and thus gained further importance.
The fortification was an earth wall with a width of six to eight and a height of three meters, in the northwest of up to four meters. Otherwise a double wall with different widths and heights can be seen. This fortification system has been a listed building since 1972.
According to other reports, there was also a wall made of stone and clay . The city could only be entered through four city gates: the Freiberger and the Bohemian Gate, located on the trade route, the water gate and a gate in the northeast. The Freiberg Gate was dismantled in 1809 and the Bohemian Gate in 1827. The wall had to give way gradually as the city expanded and after numerous city fires were rebuilt.
Today an almost ring-shaped system of earth walls can still be seen around Sayda.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Volkmar Geupel : The protected ground monuments in the Karl-Marx-Stadt district (= small writings of the State Museum for Prehistory Dresden. Issue 3, ISSN 0232-5446 ). State Museum for Prehistory, Dresden 1983, p. 24.
- ↑ a b Sayda Castle in the Alte Salzstraße network ( memento of the original dated February 8, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Accessed June 2009
- ↑ a b Fortified trading town of Sayda in the Alte Salzstrasse network ( memento of the original from February 8, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Accessed July 2009
Web links
- Castrum et civitas Seydowe - Sayda Castle on alte-salzstrasse.de