Burschenbunds-Convent

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Coats of arms of the connections in the Burschenbunds-Convent (1931)

The Burschenbunds-Convent was an amalgamation of color-bearing associations that followed liberal and liberal ideals. Most of these associations were founded in the 1870s (1875 Alemannia Prague, 1876 Fidelitas Vienna, 1878 Alemannia Breslau, 1879 Ghibellinia Berlin). It was the answer to anti-Semitism after the establishment of the German Reich and later to increasing racial anti-Semitism.

history

“Fearless and persistent!” Alsatia's color

In Austria, the nationalist, anti-Semitic corporations referred to themselves as the Burschenbund. Therefore, the BC corporations kept their name “fraternity”. The recourse to the ideals of the primitive fraternity mainly related to the demand for a democratic social order. The members of the BC were often "assimilated Jews", but also religiously practicing Jews and Christian liberal German students. Out of their own conviction, they aligned themselves nationally with Germany on the soil of the Weimar Republic. They did not want to compete with the patriotism of right-wing corporations.

The frets stood not only for the color and scale , but also for absolute satisfaction . Students of German mother tongue who professed the principle of tolerance were accepted . Other criteria such as nation or religion did not play a role. Supporters of communism or national socialism were not accepted. The motto was: "For Germanness, freedom, justice and honor." The association colors were the colors of the original fraternity , black and red (vu) with a golden border. The BC belonged to neither the German student body nor the German student association. As a badge, the members of the BC-Bund wore a pin with a small silver ring in the right corner of the lapel.

1919-1933

On the initiative of Justice Councilor Hugo Straßmann (1859-1930, Alemannia Breslau), the Burschenbunds-Convent (BC) was founded on August 31, 1919 by Reich German student associations. On June 27, 1920, the association reached beyond the borders of the Reich for the first time with the admission of Viennese fraternities. The Sudeten German corporations founded the Sudeten German Burschenbunds-Convent on June 25, 1921 . The Brno and Prague corporations were equal in BC and were recognized as individual members on December 21, 1926. While the Imperial German federation corporations uniformly adopted the designation "Burschenbund", the Viennese and Sudeten German corporations retained the traditional designation "Burschenschaft". In the mid-twenties, the BC comprised 1,300 to 1,800 members.

The medical councilor Richard Friedländer of the Berliner Burschenbunds Ghibellinia was publisher, later also editor, of the German university . In 1925 the Senior Men’s Committee published a BC songbook . The binding was decorated with the circles of the BC-frets. In 1929 a directory of the old gentlemen was organized according to residence, occupation and corporation. The fiscal year was the calendar year. Dresden (Prusso-Saxonia) was the suburb for 1930. The first chairman was lawyer Dr. Wertheimer (Wirceburgia). The office was in the Tempelhof district , Viktoriastr. 8th.

In the strict rejection of the anti-Semitic and National Socialist views, which were widespread in other student associations in the 1920s, the BC invoked the ideals of the original fraternity of 1815. Despite its openness to all religions, the BC was widely regarded in arms student circles as " Jewish"; its members were for the most part regarded as not capable of satisfaction (see also: Waidhofen principle ). There was also a long-term feud with the German-national cartel convention (KC), which only accepted Jews.

“Although the members ... were predominantly Jews or students of Jewish descent, they refused to be labeled a Jewish association. These students represented an assimilated Judaism that did not want to be outdone by right-wing corporations in terms of patriotism, but at the same time demonstrated its support for Weimar democracy through membership in the German Student Union. "

- Michael Grüttner : The student body in democracy and dictatorship.

Numerous old men of the Burschenbunds-Convent were members of the Reich Banner Black-Red-Gold .

Founding associations

The Burschenbunds-Convent was founded on August 31, 1919 in Berlin by ten previously free corporations:

Federation Surname place Colours founding
Compatriot Alemannia Wroclaw black-blue-gold November 1, 1878
connection Alsatia Leipzig black-silver-green November 17, 1893
connection Bavaria Frankfurt green-silver-red July 1, 1919
connection Brandenburgia Berlin blue-gold-green April 19, 1890
Compatriot Ghibellinia Berlin blue-gold-black July 1, 1879
connection Marcomannia Hamburg red-silver-purple June 4, 1919
Fraternity Neo-Silesia Berlin blue-red-gold July 1, 1893
connection Saxonia Heidelberg gold-white-purple July 26, 1919
connection Thuringia Munich violet-orange-white February 25, 1892
connection Wirceburgia Wurzburg red-blue-white November 5, 1885

Further member associations

In addition:

  • Brno : Cimbria was rehearsed on June 25, 1921 (foundation of the Sudeten German BC), Normannia on October 28, 1921, both of which were finally accepted on July 15, 1922. Cimbria adjourned early SS 1924; the active and the inactive went over to Normannia.
  • Dresden : Saxo-Borussia, founded by Alsatia on July 3, 1924, was immediately accepted as Prusso-Saxonia on October 20, 1924.
  • Frankfurt am Main : Bavaria adjourned in 1930 and reconstituted as Badenia in Cologne on May 30, 1931.
  • Freiburg im Breisgau : The Guestphalia, founded on April 22nd, 1925 by BC-Burschen and probably also by Oskar Scheuer, was finally taken up on May 30th, 1925.
  • Hamburg : Markomannia was finally accepted on February 27, 1920 and took over Normannia Breslau at the beginning of SS 1922.
  • Heidelberg : Saxonia Heidelberg, founded by Alsatia Leipzig on September 26, 1919, was immediately and definitively accepted on July 27, 1920.
  • Cologne : Bavaria Frankfurt reconstituted on May 30, 1931, merging with Badenia founded by BC-Burschen as Badenia zu Köln.
  • Munich : Südmark-Monachia, founded on January 4th, 1923 by BC boys taking over liberal weapons students who had left their corporations, was immediately and definitively accepted on February 19th, 1923.
  • Prague : Alemannia and Ostmark were incorporated on June 25, 1921 (foundation of the Sudeten German BC). Saxonia was immediately accepted for good on July 15, 1922. Moldavia incorporated on July 18, 1926.
Grab Margulies, B! Constantia
  • Vienna : Budovisia, Fidelitas and Suevia were immediately finalized on June 27, 1920, Constantia rehearsed on June 7, 1924 and finally recorded on May 30, 1925.

Before the Nazi era , BC had 22 connections. At the end of the summer semester of 1933, all of the Reich German BC leagues were suspended . In Prague, active operations were partially maintained until 1938.

1958-1973

The BC reconstituted on June 27, 1953 as the old gentlemen's association, which belonged to the Convent of German Academic Associations (CDA). The BC was reconstituted as an optional beating association. In 1965 he still had three connections (one in Marburg, two in Munich) with a total of 1000 members.

Alsatia Leipzig reconstituted on July 4, 1958 in Marburg, merged with Thuringia Munich to form Alsatia-Thuringia on February 10, 1968 and adjourned on October 22, 1973. Thuringia Munich reconstituted at the beginning of SS 1960, Südmark-Monachia in June 1960. Thuringia merged on October 10, 1973 February 1968 with Alsatia Leipzig zu Marburg to Alsatia-Thuringia Marburg. Südmark-Monachia adjourned on June 23, 1973. Ghibellinia Berlin had been reconstituted without an association on July 1, 1955 and adjourned around 1963.

In 1974 the number of old men had dropped to 250. In the early 1980s, the BC ceased to exist. The BC AHV still exists as a registered association, but no longer has any business activities. He still conducts the formal conventions . The chairmen of today's BC are members of the AHV Alsatia-Thuringia. At the annual meeting of the BC members come on since 2017 Corpshaus the Hasso Nassovia together.

Members

memory

BC memorial stone (2018)

When Marburg Castle a monument to the fallen, persecuted and murdered in the Holocaust members of the lads League-Convents recalls. Old men set it up in 1964 by the watchtower in the park west of the Landgrave's Palace: 1914–1918 and 1933–1945 . A hanging beech was planted next to it.

See also

literature

  • The Boys' Union Convention, BC. Association of equal corporations . Schmitz & Bukofzer, Berlin 1921. OCLC 635064298
  • Richard Friedländer: Burschenbunds-Convent , in: Michael Doeberl : Das akademische Deutschland , Vol. 2 (1931), pp. 359–362.
  • Kurt U. Bertrams: Parity student associations and associations . WJK-Verlag, Hilden 2011. ISBN 3-949891-47-1 .
  • Paulgerhard Gladen : 41st The Burschenbunds-Convent , in ders .: The German-speaking corporation associations , 4th, updated and expanded edition. WJK-Verlag, Hilden 2013, ISBN 978-3-933892-28-7 , pp. 450–452.
  • Paulgerhard Gladen: Gaudeamus igitur: the student connections then and now. Callwey, 1986. ISBN 3-7667-0811-2
  • Directory of the members of the old gentlemen's association of BC München e. V. and all other former BCers, as well as the old men of the Wiener SC (Senioren-Convent): compiled in Berlin, Vienna and Dortmund. Saarbrücken, 1962. OCLC 633753179
  • Robert Hein: The Burschenbunds-Convent , in: Thomas Schindler: Student anti-Semitism and Jewish student associations 1880-1933 ., Edited by Jürgen Setter. Erlangen, self-published by the Student History Association, 1988. OCLC 25203368
  • Specimen Corporationum cognitarum
  • Harald Seewann : "Friendship, Freedom, Honor!" The Budovisia fraternity in BC in Vienna (1894–1938). A contribution to the history of the German-liberal connection system in Vienna , 569 pages (with illustrations and facsimiles). 2019.

Remarks

  1. ↑ B! Cimbria Brno: founded in 1920; green-white-gold
  2. ↑ B! Normannia Brno: founded in 1920; black-blue-gold
  3. ↑ Bb Prusso-Dresden Saxonia. White-black-green-white
  4. ^ Bb. Guestphalia Freiburg i.Br .: gold-white-red
  5. ^ Bb. Saxonia Heidelberg: gold-white-violet
  6. ^ Bb. Badenia Cologne: green-silver-red
  7. ^ Bb. Südmark-Monachia Munich: green-blue-white. Documents and causes of color in the Institute for Higher Education since 2017 .
  8. ↑ B! Alemannia Prague: founded October 5, 1875, since 1880 "Burschenschaft Alemannia", after 1886 no longer recognized as a fraternity by the other Prague fraternities; black-gold-blue
  9. ↑ B! Ostmark Prague: founded in 1895 as "Old Town Round Table", since 1902 "Ostmark", fraternity since 1904; red-gold-green
  10. ↑ B! Saxonia Prague: founded in 1901 by members of the Alemannia Prague; "Red Saxons" in contrast to a national association of the same name (" Black Saxons "); black-gold-red
  11. ↑ B! Moldavia Prague: founded in 1896 as "Pilsener Landtag", since 1909 "Moldavia", fraternity since 1925; red-white-gold
  12. ↑ B! Budovisia Vienna: founded March 1, 1894, fraternity since 1914; blue-white-black
  13. ↑ B! Fidelitas Vienna: founded October 1, 1876, fraternity since 1919: green-white-green
  14. ↑ B! Suevia Vienna: founded in 1897, "Suevia" since 1902, fraternity since 1919; white-black-gold
  15. ↑ B! Constantia Vienna: founded in 1878 as a gymnastics club, since 1918 "Constantia", fraternity since 1924; Red White Red

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Message from Dr. Gerd Mohnfeld, chairman of the AH-Verband Alsatia-Thuringa and the Burschenbunds-Convent
  2. ^ A b Michael Grüttner: The student body in democracy and dictatorship . In: R. v. Bruch, HE Tenorth (ed.): History of the University of Unter den Linden. Volume 2: The Berlin University between the World Wars 1918–1945. ISBN 978-3-05-004667-9 . Pp. 187–294, here: p. 225.
  3. ^ Ernst Hans Eberhard : Handbook of the student liaison system. Leipzig, 1924/25, p. 226
  4. ↑ a b c Matthias Hambrock: The establishment of outsiders: the Association of national German Jews 1921-1935 . Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar, 2003, pp. 136ff., ISBN 978-3-412-18902-0
  5. ↑ a b Paul Gerhardt Gladen: The German corporation associations (2013)
  6. ^ Oskar Scheuer: Fraternity and Jewish question. Racial anti-Semitism in the German student body. Berlin Vienna, 1927, here especially from p. 66. Digitized
  7. ↑ Miriam Rürup: With boys' band and cap: The Association of Jewish Students (VjSt) Hatikwah and the Saxo-Bavaria connection. In: Stephan Wendehorst (ed. :) Building blocks of a Jewish history of the University of Leipzig. Leipziger Universitätsverlag, 2006, pp. 99–130, here: pp. 105–106
  8. ↑ Robert Hein: The Burschenbunds-Convent. In: Thomas Schindler: Student anti-Semitism and Jewish student associations 1880–1933, edited by Jürgen Setter. Erlangen, self-published by the Student History Association, 1988. p. 100. OCLC 25203368
  9. ^ Richard Friedländer
  10. ↑ X / 0067 • Academic - technical association “Old Town Tafebund” , katalog.ahmp.cz, accessed on July 29, 2018
  11. ↑ Burschenbundsconvent (BC)
  12. ^ Andreas Dornheim, Thomas Schindler: Wilhelm Aron (1907–1933): Jew, anti-Nazi opponent, social democrat and liaison student. , Bamberg Historical Society, 2007
  13. ↑ Timothy W. Ryback: Hitler's First Victims: The Quest for Justice. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, 2014, ISBN 978-0-385-35292-5
  14. ↑ a b c Udo Wengst : Thomas Dehler 1897–1967. A political biography . Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-486-56306-8 , p. 36
  15. ↑ Austria in History and Literature. , Vol. 13, Stiasny Verlag, 1969, p. 456. OCLC 457007429
  16. ↑ Harald Seewann : Zirkel und Zionsstern: Pictures and documents from the sunken world of the Jewish national corporation: a contribution to the history of Zionism on academic ground. , Volume 3, self-published, 1992. p. 25, OCLC 311591994
  17. ^ R. Rill:  Scheuer, Oskar Franz. In: Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 10, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-7001-2186-5 , p. 99.
  18. ↑ Méri Frotscher: Viajando para casa: redefinições da Heimat e da identidade na obra de Richard Katz . In: Espaço Plural Jg.IX, Heft 19, No. 2, 2008, pp. 105–116, here: Note 35, ISSN  1518-4196