Butyriboletus
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Appendage bolete ( Butyriboletus appendiculatus ) |
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| Butyriboletus | ||||||||||||
| D. Arora & JL Frank |
Butyriboletus is a genus of mushrooms from the family of the Boletaceae relatives . The species have red or brown hats, yellow pores and stems that are often blue when cut or when printed.
The type species is the appendage bolete ( Butyriboletus appendiculatus ).
features
Macroscopic features
The fruiting bodies grow above ground and are stalked. The hat is mostly brown to reddish in color. The yellow tube layer often turns blue on pressure. The spore powder is olive brown. The stem is colored yellow or tinted reddish and covered with a net in the upper part. The pale yellow flesh ( trama ) of the hat turns unevenly blue in the cut. The stem meat is often tinted wine-red in the base. The taste is usually mild.
Microscopic features
The spores are spindle-shaped, smooth-walled and brown. The hat cover layer ( Pileipellis ) is a trichoderm.
ecology
Butyriboletus species form ectomycorrhiza with various deciduous and coniferous trees.
distribution
The genus Butyriboletus is common in Asia, Europe, North Africa and North America.
Conservation aspects
All species of the Boletus genus are protected in Germany and may only be collected in small quantities for personal use. This also applies to the Butyriboletus species separated from the genus .
species
The genus Butyriboletus comprises 18 species worldwide, 6 of which are found in Europe.
| Butyriboletus worldwide |
Appendage tubular
Butyriboletus appendiculatus
Silver or summer boletus
Butyriboletus fechtneri
Blue king
bolete, Butyriboletus fuscoroseus
King's bolet
Butyriboletus regius
Coniferous appendage boletus
Butyriboletus subappendiculatus
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Systematics
The genus Butyriboletus was described in 2014 by the mycologists David Arora and Jonathan L. Frank in order to accommodate the species from the relatives of the tag- boletus. The group was formerly known as Section Appendiculati in the large genus Boletus ( Boletus classified). Genetic studies, which were published in 2013, show that these types part of a regius - clade (named after butyriboletus regius are) supported by the core group around the commons Porcini - the type species of Boletus - are to be defined within the subordination Boletineae. The narrowing of Boletus to this latter group requires the regius group to be placed in a separate genus, with Boletus appendiculatus (now Butyriboletus appendiculatus ) as the type species.
meaning
Edible mushrooms
Butyriboletus roseoflavus is a much sought-after edible mushroom that is sold in the markets in southwest and southeast China, while two other species - B. yicibus and B. sanicibus - are eaten to a lesser extent in Yunnan Province.
Origin of name
The genus name Butyriboletus is derived from the Latin word butyrum "butter" and refers to the buttery yellow color of the stems, meat and pores. In the English-speaking world, the generic representatives are therefore also referred to as "butter boletes".
swell
literature
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Eds.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f David Arora, Jonathan L. Frank: Clarifying the butter Boletes: a new genus, Butyriboletus , is established to accommodate Boletus sect. Appendiculati , and six new species are described . In: Mycologia . tape 106 , no. 3 , 2014, p. 464-480 , doi : 10.3852 / 13-052 .
- ↑ Boris Assyov: Revision of Boletus section Appendiculati (Boletaceae) in Bulgaria with a key to the Balkan species . In: Turkish Journal of Botany . tape 36 , 2012, p. 408–419 , doi : 10.3906 / bot-1104-10 ( journals.tubitak.gov.tr [PDF; 2.7 MB ]). journals.tubitak.gov.tr ( Memento of the original from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Haibo Li, Hailong Wei, Huazheng Peng, Hongmei Ding, Liling Wang, Liang He, Lizhong Fu: Boletus roseoflavus , a new species of Boletus in section Appendiculati from China . In: Mycological Progress . tape 13 , no. 1 , 2014, p. 21-31 , doi : 10.1007 / s11557-013-0888-4 .
- ^ Josef Šutara, Václav Janda, Martin Kříž, Michal Graca, Miroslav Kolařík: Contribution to the study of genus Boletus , section Appendiculati : Boletus roseogriseus sp. nov. and neotypification of Boletus fuscoroseus Smotl. In: Czech Mycology . tape 66 , no. 1 , June 2014, ISSN 1805-1421 , p. 1–37 ( czechmycology.org [PDF; 4.9 MB ]).
- ^ Alfredo Vizzini: Index Fungorum no.162. (PDF) June 6, 2014, accessed on January 15, 2014 .
- ↑ Eric Strittmatter: The genus Butyriboletus . In: fungiworld.com. Retrieved January 15, 2015 .
- ^ Mitchell E. Nuhn, Manfred Binder, Andy FS Taylor, Roy E. Halling, David S. Hibbett: Phylogenetic overview of the Boletineae . In: Fungal Biology . tape 117 , no. 7–8 , 2013, pp. 479–511 , doi : 10.1016 / j.funbio.2013.04.008 ( clarku.edu [PDF; 2.2 MB ]).
