CV newspaper

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CV newspaper
Blätter für Deutschtum und Judaism. Organ of the Central Association of German Citizens of Jewish Faith V. General newspaper of Judaism

language German
Headquarters Berlin
First edition May 4, 1922
attitude November 3, 1938
Frequency of publication weekly
Sold edition 40–60,000 copies
editor Central Association of German Citizens of Jewish Faith V.
Article archive uni-frankfurt.de
ZDB 567126-7
CVZ issue after the boycott of Jewish businesses , April 1933

The CV-Zeitung (also CV-Zeitung, CentralVereins-Zeitung, CVZ ), with full title CV-Zeitung. Sheets for Germanness and Judaism. Organ of the Central Association of German Citizens of Jewish Faith V. Allgemeine Zeitung des Judentums, was a Jewish weekly newspaper that appeared in Germany between 1922 and 1938. The CVZ was the organ of the German-Jewish organization Centralverein deutscher Staatsbürger des Jewish Faith (also: Central-Verein, Central Verein, CV, CV, C.-V. ). Like the CV, the CVZ was considered the voice of assimilated, liberal-conservative German Jewry . With between 40,000 and 60,000 copies, the CVZ was the political weekly newspaper with the highest circulation in German Jewry .

history

The CV newspaper emerged directly from the monthly magazine Im deutscher Reich (IdR) founded in 1893 , the first organ of the CV. The weekly CVZ should better meet the broad information needs of the members and also allow the association to quickly respond to current news. The first edition of the CVZ appeared on May 4, 1922 as the successor to the Allgemeine Zeitung des Judentums .

Like most other Jewish newspapers, the CVZ was able to continue its publications during the first few years after the transfer of power to Hitler on January 30, 1933, albeit under increasing restrictions and increasing pressure from outside. On November 3, 1938, shortly before the November pogroms , the last edition of the CVZ appeared. It was then banned, along with all other remaining Jewish press products.

The CVZ enjoyed great popularity among the Jewish population. It was the political weekly paper with the highest circulation in the German-Jewish press. However, no exact figures are available about the exact number of copies and their development. In 1933 it was estimated to be 55,000 and stagnated at around 40,000 from 1935 until it was banned in 1938.

Political and ideological positioning

As the organ of the CV, the CV-Zeitung was located in the bourgeois, liberal-conservative camp of German Jewry. Against the background of the commitment to the German nation and the goal of uniting Germanness and Judaism , the CVZ aimed to fight against anti-Semitism and for equal rights for Jews in Germany on a journalistic level. The title of its predecessor In the German Empire was programmatic for the ideological stance of the organ of the association and its firm endeavor to assimilate and integrate Jews in Germany.

The CVZ offered an ideological alternative to other press products from Jewish-political organizations, such as the Zionist Jüdische Rundschau , the organ of the Zionist Association for Germany ( ZVfD ) or the newspapers further to the right, such as the shield of the Reichsbundischer Jewish Frontsoldaten ( RjF ) or the newspaper The national German Jew of the Naumann Association of national German Jews ( VnJ, VndJ ).

The CVZ preferred to discuss political issues of the time from a German point of view. A specifically Jewish policy was rejected because one did not want to give the impression of secession. Especially towards the end of the 1920s and the seizure of power Hitler came forward progressively from recent CV-generation voices to speak that were critical towards this ideological priority of the German element in the CVZ and called for a stronger emphasis on Jewish content. In the opinion of her critics, the broad content of her role as a journalistic agitator against anti-Semitism and the primarily outward-looking portrayal of German Jewry as an integral part of the German people came at the expense of her internal Jewish function as a mediator of Jewish life and education, as well as the "preservation and revitalization of fading Jewish identity ”. The CVZ tried to take this criticism into account, especially after Hitler came to power. During the 1930s and under the increasing pressure of the domestic political situation and National Socialist persecution, more and more ideological concessions were made to the Zionists , especially on the question of the Hachshara .

meaning

Under the aspect of anti-Semitism, the CV-Zeitung devoted itself extensively to the political events of the day, informed and analyzed the agitation of the anti-democratic and anti-Jewish parties and politicians. The then CV chairman Julius Brodnitz wrote in the leading article on the occasion of the first issue of the CVZ: “In the day-to-day struggle we [...] must not lag behind, we must have an organ that is the permanent leader in all questions of our work [...] with the entire membership, with all of German Jewry and - with our opponents. ”The CVZ was one of the newspapers that recognized the importance of the National Socialist movement very early on and regularly warned of the dangers of the NSDAP .

As part of its defense and awareness-raising work, the CVZ aimed on the one hand at the members of the CV, but on the other hand also at a broader Jewish and non-Jewish readership. Copies of the CVZ were sent weekly free of charge to central government bodies, party politicians, high clergy and other opinion leaders in German society. From July 1925, the CVZ also published a monthly magazine, which printed a summary of the most important events and statements and was used solely to provide information to German authorities and personalities. After Hitler came to power, the monthly edition had to be stopped again. Both the weekly and monthly editions met with little overall interest in non-Jewish circles.

Especially after Hitler came to power until it was banned in 1938, the CVZ also played an important pastoral role: on the one hand, as a central source of information on political developments at home and abroad, and on the other, as moral support for the persecuted and excluded.

literature

  • Avraham Barkai : “Defend yourself!” The Central Association of German Citizens of the Jewish Faith (CV) 1893–1938. C. H. Beck, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-406-49522-2 .
  • Dietz Bering : United dual nature. On the structure of political perspectives in the “Central Association of German Citizens of Jewish Faith”. In: Thomas Koebner (Ed.): Weimars Ende. Prognoses and diagnoses in German literature and political journalism 1930–1933 (= Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch. 2018 materials ). Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1982, ISBN 3-518-38518-6 , pp. 182-205.
  • Pure Bernstein : Between Emancipation and Anti-Semitism. The journalism of German Jews using the example of the "CV-Zeitung", organ of the Central Association of German Citizens of Jewish Faith, 1924–1933. Inaugural dissertation, FU Berlin, Berlin [West] 1969, DNB 482606169 .
  • Jacob Borut: The Rise of Jewish Defense Agitation in Germany, 1890–1895 - A Pre-History of the CV? In: Leo Baeck Institute Yearbook. 36, 1991, ISSN  0075-8744 , pp. 59-97, doi: 10.1093 / leobaeck / 36.1.59 ( PDF; 3.1 MB ).
  • Katrin Diehl: The Jewish press in the Third Reich between self-assertion and external determination (= Conditio Judaica. Volume 17). Niemeyer, Tübingen 1997, ISBN 3-484-65117-2 (Zugl .: München, Univ., Diss.) (Chapter IV.2: The “CV-Zeitung”; preview in the Google book search).
  • Evyatar Friesel: The Political and Ideological Development of the Centralverein before 1914. In: Leo Baeck Institute Yearbook. 31, 1986, pp. 121-147 doi: 10.1093 / leobaeck / 31.1.121 ( PDF; 2.2 MB ).
  • Arndt Kremer: German Jews - German language. Jewish and anti-Jewish language concepts and conflicts 1893–1933 (= Studia linguistica Germanica. Volume 87). de Gruyter, Berlin / New York, NY 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-019603-0 , pp. 161–240, especially: pp. 175–182, urn : nbn: de: 101: 1-2016061826426 (Zugl. : Cologne, Univ., Diss., 2005; scan in Google book search).
  • Otto Dov Kulka , Esriel Hildesheimer: The Central Organization of German Jews in the Third Reich and its Archives (On the Completion of the Reconstruction Project). In: Leo Baeck Institute Yearbook. 34, 1989, pp. 187-205, doi: 10.1093 / leobaeck / 34.1.187 ( PDF; 1.4 MB ).
  • Jürgen Matthäus : Fight without allies. The Central Association of German Citizens of the Jewish Faith 1933–1938. In: Yearbook for Research on Antisemitism. 8, 1999, ISSN  0941-8563 , pp. 248-278.

Web links

Commons : CV newspaper  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Margaret Edelsheim-Muehsam : The Jewish Press in Germany. In: LBI-Yearbook. Volume 1: East and West Library. London 1956, p. 163–176, here: p. 173. In German: Margaret T. Edelheim-Mühsam: The attitude of the Jewish press towards the National Socialist threat. In: Robert Weltsch (Ed.): German Judaism, Rise and Crisis. Design, ideas, works. Fourteen monographs. Publication by the Leo Baeck Institute . Deutsche Verlagsanstalt, Stuttgart 1963, pp. 353–379.
  2. ↑ Reiner Bernstein: Between Emancipation and Anti-Semitism - The journalism of German Jews using the example of the "CV-Zeitung", organ of the Central Association of German Citizens of Jewish Faith, 1924–1933. Inaugural dissertation, FU Berlin, 1969, p. 34.
  3. ↑ Avraham Barkai: “Wehr dich!” The Central Association of German Citizens of the Jewish Faith (CV) 1893–1939. Beck, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-406-49522-2 .
  4. ↑ Julius Brodnitz: On new ways to old goals. In: CVZ. Issue 1, May 4, 1922, p. 1 ( sammlungen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de [Compact Memory, accessed on August 18, 2017]).
  5. ^ Arnold Paucker: The Jewish defensive battle. In: Werner E. Mosse (Ed.): Decision year 1932. On the Jewish question in the final phase of the Weimar Republic. An anthology (= series of scientific treatises of the Leo Baeck Institute. Volume 13). 2nd, rev. and exp. Edition. Mohr, Tübingen 1966, DNB 456546820 , pp. 405-503, here: p. 428 f. ( Preview in Google Book Search).