Calyptocephalellidae

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Calyptocephalellidae
Calyptocephalella gayi

Calyptocephalella gayi

Systematics
Superclass : Jaw mouths (Gnathostomata)
Row : Land vertebrates (Tetrapoda)
without rank: Amphibians (Lissamphibia)
Order : Frog (anura)
Subordination : Neobatrachia
Family : Calyptocephalellidae
Scientific name
Calyptocephalellidae
Reig , 1960

Calyptocephalellidae is a family of frogs with five recent species found in the Chilean Andes .

features

Females of the species Calyptocephalella gayi are about 32 cm long and significantly larger than males, which are only about 12 cm long. Mating takes place in ponds or bays of lakes, where the female lays up to 10,000 eggs, which are fertilized by the male. When mating, the clasping ( amplexus ) typical of frogs occurs. The tadpoles need one to two years for their development and can reach a length of up to 15 cm.

Within the genus Telmatobufo , the size varies between 4 and 7.7 cm. The species live in the vicinity of fast-flowing brooks in pseudo-beech forests . With a round suction cup on their mouth and a powerful tail, the tadpoles are well adapted to these fast-moving waters.

Classification in the system

The Calyptocephalellidae were classified in the collective taxon of the southern frogs (Leptodactylidae in the broader sense) until 2006 , which was later divided into numerous families. In 1978 Lynch established the tribe Calyptocephalellini with the two genera Caudiverbera (helmet head) and Telmatobufo within the family of the southern frogs and the subfamily of the Telmatobiinae (Andean frogs) . For the genus Caudiverbera , the name Calyptocephalella was reintroduced in 2006 . In 1998 the genus Batrachophrynus was also placed in the taxon Calyptocephalellini. The three genera were raised to the family Batrachophrynidae in 2006. At this time, however, various molecular biological investigations showed that Batrachophrynus did not fit the other two genera. Batrachophrynus differs morphologically by the horizontally positioned pupils . Therefore, Batrachophrynus was separated and placed directly in the genus Telmatobius (Andean Whistling Frogs). The name Calyptocephalellidae has been proposed for the remaining two genera of the family. The Calyptocephalellidae are the sister taxon of the family Myobatrachidae (Australian southern frogs).

species

The following genera and species belong to the family.

As of April 25, 2020

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b D. R. Frost: Calyptocephalellidae ( en ) In: Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 . The American Museum of Natural History. 1998 - 2016. Retrieved May 31, 2016.
  2. ↑ a b Vitt & Caldwell (eds.): Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles . Academic Press, Burlington, Massachusetts 2013, ISBN 978-0-12-386919-7 ( Calyptocephalellidae - English: Helmeted Water Toad and Chilean False Toads .).
  3. ^ JD Lynch: A re-assessment of the telmatobiine leptodactylid frogs of Patagónia. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 72, pp. 1-57, 1978
  4. ↑ CW Myers & RB Stothers: The myth of Hylas revisited: the frog name Hyla and other commentary on Specimen medicum (1768) of JN Laurenti, the "father of herpetology". Archives of Natural History, 33, pp. 241-266, 2006
  5. ↑ Darrel R. Frost, Taran Grant, Julián Faivovich, Raoul H. Bain, Alexander Haas, Celio FB Haddad, Rafael O. de Sá, A. Channing, Mark Wilkinson, Stephen C. Donnellan, Christopher J. Raxworthy, Jonathan A. Campbell, Boris L. Blotto, Paul E. Moler, Robert C. Drewes, Ronald A. Nussbaum, John D. Lynch, David M. Green, and Ward C. Wheeler: The amphibian tree of life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 297, pp. 1-370, 2006 full text
  6. ^ RA Pyron & JJ Wiens: A large-scale phylogeny of Amphibia including over 2800 species, and a revised classification of advanced frogs, salamanders, and caecilians. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 61, pp. 543-583, 2011
  7. ↑ T. Mörs, M. Reguero and D. Vasilyan. First fossil frog from Antarctica: implications for Eocene high latitude climate conditions and Gondwanan cosmopolitanism of Australobatrachia. Scientific Reports. April 23, 2020. doi: 10.1038 / s41598-020-61973-5 .
  8. ↑ 40 million year old bones: Frog fossils discovered at the South Pole for the first time , on n-tv.de from April 24, 2020; Source: n-tv.de, Nadja Wolf, dpa

Web links

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