Capsicum cornutum

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Capsicum cornutum
Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Nightshade (Solanales)
Family : Nightshade family (Solanaceae)
Genre : Paprika ( Capsicum )
Type : Capsicum cornutum
Scientific name
Capsicum cornutum
( Here ) Hunz.

Capsicum cornutum is a plant type from the genus peppers ( Capsicum ) in the family of the nightshade family (Solanaceae). It is endemic to southeastern Brazil .

description

Capsicum cornutum is a 1.2 to 1.8 m high, densely hairy shrub . Its leaves are ovate to broadly ovate and membranous. The flowers stand on a knee-shaped, bent flower stalk so that the flowers are rotated by 90 °. The calyx is covered with up to ten long calyx teeth. The crown is colored white, has purple or brownish points in the crown throat and a green colored corolla tube. It is wheel-shaped and becomes 9 to 12 (rarely 8 to 14) mm long. The stylus is club-shaped and gradually widens from a narrow base to a widened tip.

The fruits are depressed, spherical, yellowish-green colored berries . They contain blackish seeds .

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 26.

Occurrence

The species is endemic to the south-east Brazilian states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo .

Systematics

Phylogenetic investigations classify the species in a clade with other species from the Atlantic forest clade ("Atlantic forest clade"), but not all relationships within this clade have yet been unequivocally clarified and in some cases require further taxonomic work. The sister species to Capsicum cornutum within this clade is Capsicum campylopodium , which differs among other things in the knee-shaped, curved flower stalk and the absence of calyx teeth. Both species in turn form a sister clade to the investigated populations, which were assigned to Capsicum mirabile on the basis of morphological characteristics , but are not closely related to this species and should be listed as a separate species. This species was first described in 2020 under the name Capsicum carassense .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Capsicum cornutum at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  2. ↑ Carolina Carrizo García et al .: Phylogenetic relationships, diversification and expansion of chili peppers (Capsicum, Solanaceae) . In: Annals of Botany , Volume 118, 2016. pp. 35–51. doi: 10.1093 / aob / mcw079 .
  3. ↑ Gloria E. Barboza, Luciano de Bem Bianchetti, João Renato Stehmann: Capsicum carassense (Solanaceae), a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. In: PhytoKeys , Volume 140, 2020. pp. 125-138 doi: 10.3897 / phytokeys.140.47071 .

literature

  • GE Barboza and LDB Bianchetti: Three New Species of Capsicum (Solanaceae) and a Key to the Wild Species from Brazil . In: Systematic Botany , Volume 30, Number 4, 2005, pp. 863-871. doi : 10.1600 / 036364405775097905
  • Eduardo A. Moscone et al .: The Evolution of Chili Peppers (Capsicum - Solanaceae): A cytogenic Perspective . In: DM Spooner et al. (Ed.): Solanaceae VI: Genomics Meets Biodiversity , ISHS Acta Horticulturae 745, June 2007. ISBN 978-90-6605-427-1 . Pp. 137-169.