Karl Christian Gmelin

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Karl Christian Gmelin

Karl Christian Gmelin (born March 18, 1762 in Badenweiler ; † June 26, 1837 in Karlsruhe ) was a German botanist and naturalist. Its official botanical author's abbreviation is “ CCGmel. "

Live and act

The son of a pastor and brother of the engraver Wilhelm Friedrich Gmelin first attended the Latin school in Müllheim and from 1778 studied medicine and natural sciences at the University of Strasbourg . In 1784 he was at the Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen Dr. med. PhD. In the same year Gmelin settled in Karlsruhe as a doctor, and he also gave science lessons at the Illustre grammar school there , an office he held for fifty years.

In 1786 Gmelin became director of the margravial natural history cabinet (today: State Museum for Natural History Karlsruhe ) and the botanical gardens in Karlsruhe. Today's Botanical Garden in Karlsruhe was originally laid out by Gmelin. In 1792 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina . In 1794, because of the Revolutionary Wars, the natural history cabinet was relocated to Ansbach , where he moved and stayed until 1797. In addition to botany, Gmelin dealt with zoology, mineralogy, geology and volcanology.

Gmelin was a member of the "Societät für Forst- und Jagdkunde" founded by Johann Matthäus Bechstein . From 1803 he was a member of the Grand Duke of Baden's Sanitary Commission and from 1814 a member of the Mining Commission and most recently carried the title of Privy Councilor.

Gmelin wrote several books, including the "Flora Badensis Alsatica" . He was friends with Johann Peter Hebel , with whom he exchanged correspondence and according to which he named a plant in his "Flora badensis ...", the cornflower lily Hebelia allemannica (today Tofieldia calyculata ).

Honors

The plant genus Caroli-Gmelina G.Gaertn., B.Mey is named after CC Gmelin . & Scherb. from the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae).

Fonts (selection)

  • 1784 - Consideratio generalis filicum / quam… solemni eruditorum examini submittit Carolus Christianus Gmelin; Erlangae: Kunstmann, 1784.
  • from 1805 -Flora Badensis Alsatica et confinium regionum Cis et Transrhenana: plantas a lacu Bodamico usque ad confluentem Mosellae et Rheni sponte nascentes exhibens secundum systema sexuale cum iconibus ad naturam delineatis / auctore Carolo Christiano Gmelin. - Carlsruhae - Volume: 1 (1805). - XXXII, 768 p .; Volume: 2 (1806). - 717 S., V Bl.: Ill .; (lat.); Volume: 3 (1808). - 795 pages, IV pages: Ill .; (lat.); Volume: 4 Supplements cum Indicibus. - 1826. - [2] Bl., 807 S., X Bl.: Ill .; (lat.) ( Volume 1 , Volume 2 , Volume 3 , Volume 4 ).
  • 1806 - Non-profit systematic natural history for educated readers; After d. Linneischen natural system designed by Carl Christian Gmelin; Mannheim: New Industry Contor, 1806.
  • 1809 - On the influence of natural science on the general welfare of the state: calculated especially on land and time; together with suggestions for planting appropriate surrogates for the precious colonial goods as ... / by CC Gmelin. - Carlsruhe: Müller, 1809. - XX, 434 p .; (German)
  • 1811 - Hortus magni ducis Badensis Carlsruhanus: nomina si nescis, periit cognitio rerum / [Gmelin]. - Carlsruhae: Typis Macklotianis, 1811. - X, 288 p .; (lat.)
  • 1817 - Emergency aid against deficiency due to bad growth or description of wild-growing plants which can be used as rich and healthy food for humans and animals in the case of deficiencies in cultivated plants: In addition to proposals to prevent the consequences of bad growth and to improve the country's culture / By Carl Christian Gmelin. - Carlsruhe: CF Müller, 1817. - XIV, 322 p .; (German)
  • 1818 - Non-profit systematic natural history of fish for educated readers: based on the Linneische natural system / designed by Carl Christian Gmelin. - Mannheim: Nehdeck, 1818. - X, 383 p., 113 plates: numerous. Ill .; (German)
  • 1825 - Description of the milk leaf sponges in the Grand Duchy of Baden and its immediate surroundings, as a contribution to toxicology / by the author of Flora Badensis Alsat. et confin. Regionum; Karlsruhe, 1825; with 1 color board.
  • 1839 (posth.) - Non-profit systematic natural history of amphibians / designed by Carl Christian Gmelin. - 2nd edition - Mannheim: Löffler, 1839. - VIII, [2] p., 224 p., [10] p.: Ill .; (German)
  • 1824 (not published and manuscript lost) - Description of the minerals in the Grand Duchy of Baden and its immediate surroundings.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Member entry of Carl Christian Gmelin at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on February 8, 2016.
  2. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
personal data
SURNAME Gmelin, Karl Christian
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German botanist and naturalist
DATE OF BIRTH March 18, 1762
PLACE OF BIRTH Badenweiler
DATE OF DEATH June 26, 1837
Place of death Karlsruhe