Carpobrotus
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Carpobrotus is a plant genus of the family of aizoaceae (Aizoaceae). The botanical name is derived from the Greek words karpos for 'fruit' and brota for 'edible'.
description
Carpobrotus are succulent , bare dwarf shrubs , the shoot axes are creeping, 50 to 300 centimeters long and form mats. The fibrous roots arise from the nodes . The leaves sitting on the stem are arranged opposite one another and weakly fused together at the base, thick-fleshed, straight or curved and round triangular or sharp triangular in cross-section. They are whole or perforated on the edge. Stipules are missing.
The axillary or terminal inflorescences stand upright and are branched, the flowers are solitary. Leaf- like bracts are either found two or they are missing. The flower stalks may either be absent or they are 10 to 60 (rarely 1 to 100) millimeters long and upright.
The showy flowers are tubular and 3 to 10 (15) centimeters in diameter. The four to five calyx lobes are of unequal size, the two outer opposite ones are each enlarged, sometimes leaf-like, the two or three inner ones are smaller, they are membranous with wide margins. Including the petals -like staminodes, there are up to 250 petals , they are pink, yellow, white or cream-colored. Nectaries are missing.
The up to 600 stamens stand upright, the pistils have eight to twelve (25) carpels , the ovary is below and eight to twelve-pinned (25). A stylus is missing, the scars are radial, linear and pinnate.
The fruits are fleshy, edible berries , the up to 1000 seeds are glossy brown, inverted egg-shaped and compressed, an aril is missing.
distribution
The genus is originally native to southern Africa, but humans have also brought it to North, Central and South America as well as Europe and Australia.
Systematics
- Carpobrotus acinaciformis (L.) L. Bolus : It is native to the Western Cape, but the species occurs as a neophyte in Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Algeria, Libya and the Canary Islands.
- Carpobrotus aequilaterus (Haw.) NEBr. : The homeland is not known, but it is naturalized in Australia and New Zealand.
- Carpobrotus chilensis (Molina) NEBr. : It is native to Argentina and Chile and is a neophyte in Ecuador, Mexico, California, Oregon and Spain.
- Carpobrotus deliciosus (L.Bolus) L.Bolus
- Carpobrotus dimidiatus (Haw.) L.Bolus : It occurs in South Africa and southern Mozambique.
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Carpobrotus edulis (L.) L. Bolus . With the subspecies:
- Carpobrotus edulis subsp. edulis
- Carpobrotus edulis subsp. parviflorus W. Wisura & Glen
- Carpobrotus glaucescens (Haw.) Schwantes : The home is Australia.
- Carpobrotus mellei (L.Bolus) L.Bolus
- Carpobrotus modestus S.T.Blake
- Carpobrotus muirii (L.Bolus) L.Bolus : It occurs in the Western Cape.
- Carpobrotus quadrifidus L. Bolus
- Carpobrotus rossii (Haw.) Schwantes
- Carpobrotus virescens (Haw.) Schwantes
literature
- Nancy J. Vivrette: Carpobrotus. In: Flora of North America , Vol. 4, pp. 86-87, online
further reading
- ST Blake: A revision of Carpobrotus and Sarcozona in Australia, genera allied to Mesembryanthemum (Aizoaceae) . In: Contributions from the Queensland Herbarium . Volume 7, pp. 1-65, 1969
- W. Wisura, HF Glen: The South African species of Carpobrotus (Mesembryanthema - Aizoaceae) . In: Contributions From The Bolus Herbarium . Volume 15, 1993, pp. 76-107
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Carpobrotus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved October 22, 2018.
