Caspar Levias

Caspar Levias ( Hebrew קספר לואיס; * February 13, 1860 in Žagarė , Russian Empire ; † February 19, 1934 in Newark (New Jersey) , USA ) was an American Orientalist and Hebraist .

Life

Levias received his school education in Russia. From 1893 to 1894 he studied Oriental languages at Columbia College in New York . He then studied Semitic Studies until 1895 at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore and taught the subject since 1895 as a lecturer at the Hebrew Union College in Cincinnati . He later moved back to New York, where he taught Mixed-Hebrew and Rabbinic-Aramaic grammar of the Talmud at the Jewish Teachers Institute .

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In addition to his teaching activities, Levias wrote a large number of essays, mainly on philological topics, for example in The American Journal of Semitic Languages , in which his Talmudic grammar first appeared, and in the Hebrew Union College Journal .

He published philological studies and research results on Semitic and Talmudic grammar (Mishnah / Gemara) in scientific journals.

His first scientific work received the title of A Grammar of the Aramaic Idiom contained in the Babylonian Talmud with Constant Reference to Gaonic Literature (dt .: A Grammar of the Aramaic idiom in the Babylonian Talmud in connection to gaonischen literature ). The grammar was published in Cincinnati by the Hebrew Union College in 1900.

Caspar Levias' Diḳduḳ Aramit Bavlit (English: grammar of Aremic in the Babylonian Talmud ) was published in New York by the Alexander Kohout Memorial Foundation in 1930.

Levias compiled various dictionaries on philology and medicine. The first dictionary of Philology in Hebrew called Otsar ḥokhmat ha-lashon (dt .: treasures of linguistics = Dictionary of the Hebrew philological terminology = Dictionary of Hebrew Philological Terms ). This work was published by G. Е. Stechert in Leipzig from 1914 to 1915. The other dictionary described the Hebrew medical terms and was created in the 1920s on behalf of the Tel Aviv- based publisher Dvir ( Hebrew דביר). Levias received a fee of $ 1,000 for this.

Publications (selection)

• On the Etymology of the Term ševâ. In: American Journal of Philology 16, 1895 ( digitized version )
• The Justification of Zionism. Leipzig 1899, OCLC 27481497 .
• A grammar of the Aramaic idiom contained in the Babylonian Talmud, with constant reference to Gaonic literature. Bloch, Cincinnati 1900 ( digitized version ).
• The Names of the Hebrew vowels. In: Hebrew Union College Annual 1904, pp. 138-146.
• Ōṣar ḥokmat hal-lāšōn = Dictionary of Hebrew philological terms. ( Hebrew אוצר חכמת הלשון). 2 parts. GE Stechert, Leipzig 1914-15.
• Who were the Amorites? In: Studies in Jewish Bibliography. New York 1929, pp. 404-430.
• A grammar of Babylonian Aramaic = Diḳduḳ Aramit Bavlit. ( Hebrew דקדוק ארמית בבלית). New Yorḳ 1930, OCLC 19148420 = A Grammar of Babylonian Aramaic. Jerusalem 1972, OCLC 13974567 .
• Enallage in the Bible. In: The American Journal of Semitic Languages ​​and Literatures. 50, 1934, pp. 104-108.
• A grammar of Galilean Aramaic . = Diḳduḳ ha-Aramit ha-Gelilit li-śefat ha-Talmud ha-Yerushalmi ṿeha-midrashim. ( Hebrew דקדוק הארמית הגלילית לשפת התלמוד הירושלמי והמדרשים) , New York 1986, OCLC 20491177 .

Web links

• Levias Caspar on jewishencyclopedia.com
• Caspar Levias: Otṣar ḥokhmat ha-lashon. In: Shimeon Brisman: A history and guide to Judaic dictionaries and concordances. (Part 1) KTAV Publishing House, Inc., Hoboken 2000, ISBN 0-88125-658-7 , pp. 79-80 ( online ).
• Caspar Levias on worldcat.org (list of publications)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Levias Caspar on jewishencyclopedia.com